Modern Spain

Context

• .Industrial Revolution ( 1760- 1820) - New machineries Standars of living rised- People move from rural areas to the city to look for a job- Differences between poor and rich people widener.- Bad working conditions.

Context

• French Revolution ( 1789- 1815)- leader: Napoleon Bonaparte.- Liberal ideas. They don´t want absolute monarchs.

Carlos IV

• He came into the throne in 1788 and his prime minister was Manuel Godoy.

• Manuel Godoy signed with Napoleon the Tready of Aranjuez in 1807 to conquered Portugal and divided it between Spain and Portugal.

• Carlos´s son Fernando was opposed to the agreement and led the Mutiny of Aranjuez in 1808. Carlos was forced to abdicate and Fernando VII became the King.

THE WAR OF INDEPENDANCE( 1808-1814)

• Napoleón didn´t keep the tready and conquered Spain( except Cádiz)

• Napoleón forced Fernando to abdicate and put his brother Joseph Bonaparte as King of Spain.

• This caused an uprising in Madrid on 2 May 1808.• With the help of the British, the French were defeated in

1814 and Fernando came back as King of Spain.

The Constitution of 1812“ La Pepa”

• Cádiz was the only place that was not under the French rule.

• A group of delegtes draw up the first Constitution in Spain.

• They signed it in 1812 and established: - Freedom of press and expression - Equeality for all - voting rights for all men over 18. - National sovereignty - a constitutional monarchy

FERNANDO VII1814- 1833

1. ABSOLUTISM ( 1814- 1820): He abolished the constitution in 1814. He became absolute monarch.2. LIBERAL TRIENNIUM ( 1820- 1823): Rafael de Riego led a military rebellion ( liberal)3. OMINOUS DECADE ( 1823- 1833) Period of repression ( absolutism) Problem of sucession. He declared as Isabel as his heir but Carlos, his brother) was the legitimate heir.

Isabel II

• Regents: María Cristina ( her mother) and Capitan Espartero.

• Carlist Wars between the supporters of Carlos and the supporters of Isabel.

• Spain became a parlamentary monarchy.• Her reign was characterised by political instability and

conflicto which led her exile in 1868.

SOCIAL CHANGES

• Upper class: nobility, rich Factory owners, bankers.• Middle class: merchants, doctors, lawyers and small

landowners.• Working class: low-paid agricultural workers and

Factory workers. Their working conditions were very bad so they created to demand improvements in their wages and working conditions. THE LABOUR MOVEMENT.

Francisco de Goya y Lucientes• 1774- 1792: leissure activities. La gallinita ciega, El pelele, La vendimia

• 1785: portraits of the royal family. La familia de Carlos IV

• 1808-1813: horrors of the War. La carga de los mamelucos, Los fusilamientos de la Moncloa.

• 1814- 1824: black paintings. Saturno devorando a su hijo, El aquelarre.

1774- 1792

1785

1808- 1813

1814- 1824