Discourses of Nation: Tensions in Early Modern Korea-Japan ...
Modern Japan
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Transcript of Modern Japan
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1. What did the United States do to Japan after WWII?
2. How did Japan become an economic success?
3. What is a favorable balance of trade and interdependence?
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• Japan is an archipelago located on the “ring of fire”
• Japan was a feudal society• Shinto originated in Japan
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• Commodore Perry opened Japan• Meiji Restoration
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• Imperialist victories: Russia & China
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• Pearl Harbor WWII atomic bombs
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After WWII Japan lost her overseas empire and was occupied by US forces. General MacArthur led the military government that ruled Japan and wrote a new constitution which brought the following great changes:
• A constitutional monarchy made the emperor merely a figurehead.• A democratic government was established with an elected parliament.
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• Japan’s military was greatly reduced so they could never use war as a political weapon again.
• Basic human rights were guaranteed such as freedom of the press and assembly, and women were given the right to vote.
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MacArthur & Hirohito
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Along with a constitution and democracy, the US also brought the following economic reforms:
• Japanese workers were given the right to form unions.
• Land reform divided large estates among tenant farmers.
• Ziabatsu, or powerful family-run businesses that controlled the economy were weakened.
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After WWII Japan’s economy quickly recovered and the value of Japanese goods and services, or gross domestic product (GDP), rose dramatically. Japan has a favorable balance of trade which means it exports more goods (such as cars, cameras, TVs, and electronics) than it imports.
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Japan’s great economic success after WWII is attributed to the following factors:
• Japan has a well educated and highly skilled work force.
• Japan adapted the latest western technology to its industries.
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• Students and businessmen have a samurai work ethic.• With low military spending, the government funds the economy.
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• High import tariffs and regulations limit foreign competition.• Japanese savings gave banks capital to invest in industry.
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As a small archipelago nation Japan depends on trade because it lacks natural resources such as oil and iron.Interdependence – the reliance on goods, resources, and knowledge from other parts of the world.
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