Human-Environment InteractionHuman-Environment Interaction

Africa South of the SaharaAfrica South of the Sahara

How would your life be different if you lived in Sub-Saharan Africa?

Standard 7.4.1Standard 7.4.1

Describe the major modern day industries and economic challenges (Agriculture, reliance on export of raw materials )

Your GoalYour Goal

To be able to list the major industries To be able to explain causes of Africa’s

economic challenges To be able to effect of the economic

activity on the lives of the people in Africa

KWL Let’s review what we have learned

about Africa south of the Sahara so far

What do you already know about Africa in the modern day?

What would you like to learn regarding modern day industries or economic challenges?

What have you learned about modern day industries and economic challenges?

KWL Let’s review what we have learned

about Africa south of the Sahara so far

What do you already know about Africa in the modern day?

What would you like to learn regarding modern day industries or economic challenges?

What have you learned about modern day industries and economic challenges?

•Lingering effects of imperialism•High birth/death rates•Less developed countries

Make a Prediction

Based on the next two slides, make a prediction about the types of industries and economic challenges in the region.

Directions

Divide your page in two columns as shown here. You will take notes in the appropriate space.Modern Day Industries

Economic Challenges

Industry: Agriculture

Main economic activity

2/3 of working population- Subsistence farming- Shifting farming- Commercial farming

Subsistence farming

Small scale Whose needs might

this meet? What might be

advantages? What are

disadvantages?

Back to Previous

Shifting farming

Farmers move every 1-3 years for better soil - slash and burn

Why might some people choose this? What might be disadvantages?

Back to Previous

Commercial Farming

Small percentage - many foreign owned Focus on cash crops for export - cacao, coffee and

peanuts What are advantages? Disadvantages?

Check for Understanding

Answers

1. Ethiopia

2. Subsistence farming

Challenges: Agriculture

Land use conflict between small and

Armed conflicts halt food productionReading ActivityReading ActivityRead “Meeting Challenges” on page 539 and identify 3 more challenges

Industry: Logging 10% of world’s

lumber Alarming rate of

deforestation - farmland and valuable wood

Watch Video

What challenges do countries with rain forests face?

Industry: Fishing Very few

commercial fishers Narrow continental

shelf West coast - richest

fishing ground in region

Read article on Challenges in fishing industry

Industry: Mining

South Africa - world’s largest gold producer

Diamonds, coal, platinum, chromium

Challenges: Mining Foreign investors

reap most benefit from mines

Uneven distribution of mineral resources

Most resources along equator and Atlantic coast

Review

Rewrite details for each of the three economic activities you have

learned about so far in the diagram above.

Industry: Manufacturing

Small % of GDP Industrial expansion

began in 1960s Process food Textiles Leather products Assembly plants

(airplanes, cars, motors)

Challenge: Industrialization

Many countries never developed manufacturing industries - Why??

Most countries act as suppliers of raw materials

Lack of skilled workers

Power shortages

What Other Challenges?

Think about the film Hotel Rwanda. Based on what you saw in the film, what economic challenges are caused by armed conflicts?

Practice!

Read “Transportation and Commerce” on page 541 with a partner

List improvements challenges in those industries on your notes

Review

Complete the chart by rewriting key points onto the remaining

boxes.

So what have we learned so far?Modern Day Industries Economic Challenges

QUIZ TIME

On a separate sheet of paper, write the letter of the correct

answer for each question

Quiz

1. Most of the profits from mining minerals in many African countries south of the Sahara

a. go to the workers in those countriesb. are erased by the enormous costs of doing

business.c. go to foreign investors and corporationsd. turn nations that once were poor into

wealthy nations.

Quiz

2. Two reasons that some forests in Africa south of the Sahara are being cut down are to

a. clear land for industrial uses and to harvest valuable wood

b. open up land for housing developments and to provide fuel.

c. clear land for farms and to harvest valuable wood

d. provide habitat for animals and to provide fuel.

Quiz

3. Which of the following are major export crops from Africa south of the Sahara?

a. rice, bananas, and wheat b. grapes, oranges, and cornc. pineapple, sugar, and barley d. cacao, coffee, and peanuts

Quiz

4. The primary type of farming in the region is farming.

a. Commercialb. Subsistencec. conservation d. communal

Quiz

5. Most known mineral deposits in the region are located

a. along the Pacific coast and south of the Equator.

b. along the Pacific coast and north of the Equator.

c. along the Atlantic coast and south of the Equator.

d. along the Atlantic coast and north of the Equator.

Now What?

On the left side of your notebook, write a letter to the next president of the United States. In your letter, explain the challenges facing African nations south of the Sahara. Then, advise the president of how the U.S. may be able to help countries address those challenges.

Beyond the Classroom Visit the following website and see if you can

relate the problems occurring today with the information you have learned in this presentation. Click on the logo below

http://www.savedarfur.org