Modern Art & Design Ⅱ Edit/Leeinhee, PNU. Early 20 th Century styles based on SHAPE and FORM:...
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Transcript of Modern Art & Design Ⅱ Edit/Leeinhee, PNU. Early 20 th Century styles based on SHAPE and FORM:...
Modern Art & Design Ⅱ
Edit/Leeinhee, PNU
Early 20th Century styles based on SHAPE and FORM:
Cubism
Futurism
Art Deco
to show the ‘concept’ of an object rather than creating a detail of the real thing
to show different views of an object at once, emphasizing time, space & the Machine age
to simplify objects to their most basic, primitive terms
Pablo Picasso1888-1973
Considered most influential artist of 20th Century
Blue Period
Rose Period
Analytical Cubism
Synthetic Cubism
Girl Wearing Large HatEarly Work, 1901.
Lola, the artist’s sisterEarly Work, 1901.
Blue Period(1901-1904)
Moves to Paris in his late teens
Coping with suicide of friend
Paintings were lonely, depressing
Major color was BLUE!
Pablo Picasso,Blue Nude, 1902.
BLUE PERIOD
Pablo Picasso,Self Portrait, 1901.
BLUE PERIOD
Pablo Picasso,Tragedy, 1903.
BLUE PERIOD
Pablo Picasso,Le Gourmet, 1901.
BLUE PERIOD
Rose Period(1904-1906)
Much happier art than before
Circus people as subjects
Reds and warmer colors
Pablo Picasso,Harlequin Family, 1905.
ROSE PERIOD
Pablo Picasso, La Familia de Saltimbanques, 1905.
Pablo Picasso,Girl With a Goat, 1906.
ROSE PERIOD
Much more abstract than before…
Pablo Picasso, Composition with Skull, 1908.
Georges Braque, Musical Instruments, 1908.
Georges Braque, Fruitdish, 1908-09.
Pablo Picasso, Three Musicians, 1921.
Pablo Picasso,Les Demoiselles D’Avignon, 1907.
“I paint forms as I think them, not as I see them”
Major Influences…
Paul Cezanne(Post-Impressionist)
Femme de Vert1909
Major Influences…
African Zimba Mask
Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907.
Major Influences…
African Zimba Mask
Pablo Picasso,Portrait of Vollard, 1910.ANALYTICAL CUBISM
Analytical Cubism
Little contrast in color
Complex and systematic design
Faceted shapes, translucent divisions of space
Differing views of the same subject in the same work
Invented by Picasso and George Braque- at the same time, but not really in collaboration
Retains some sort of depth
Pablo Picasso,Aficionado, 1912.
ANALYTICAL CUBISM
Pablo Picasso,Glass and Bottleof Suze, 1912.
SYNTHETIC CUBISM
George Braque, Gillet, 1914.
Synthetic Cubism
Invented by Braque and Picasso
Puts forms back together after breaking them apart
“Collage” comes from French word for “glue”
Foreign materials are pasted onto the design- makes the collage look like a real surface
Scraps are changed and painted on, giving them a double meaning
New Space Concept - first since Masaccio
FuturismFirst announced on Feb. 20, 1909 Newspaper Le Figaro published a manifesto by the Italian poet and editor Tommaso Marinetti:
We will fight with all our might the fanatical, senseless and snobbish religion of the past, a religion encouraged by the vicious existence of museums. We rebel against that spineless worshiping of old canvases, old statues and old bric-a-brac, against everything which is filthy and worm-ridden and corroded by time. We consider the habitual contempt for everything which is young, new and burning with life to be unjust and even criminal.
To purposely intended to inspire public anger and amazement, to arouse controversy, and to attract widespread attention. Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of
Continuity in Space, 1913.
Boccioni, Dynamism of a Cyclist, 1913. FUTURISM
Boccioni, The City Rises, 1910. FUTURISM
Natalia Goncharova, The Cyclist. 1913. FUTURISM
Giacomo Balla, Abstract Speed + Sound, 1913-1914. FUTURISM
Art DecoArt Deco was a popular design movement from 1920 until 1939, affecting the decorative arts such as architecture, interior design, and industrial design.
This movement was a combination of many different styles and movements of the early 20th century, including Constructionism, Cubism, Modernism, Bauhaus, Art Nouveau, and Futurism.
Its popularity apexed during the 1920s. Although many design movements have political or philosophical roots or intentions, Art Deco was purely decorative. At the time, this style was seen as elegant, functional, and ultra modern.
William Van Alen, The Chrysler Building, 1930.
Jean Arp, Collage Arranged According to the Laws of Chance, 1916-17.
DADA
Started as a reaction to the horrors of WWI and Nihilism
Began independently in Zurich and NY
French for “hobbyhorse”, but the word itself had no meaning
Believed that reason and logic had been responsible for war
Only hope was anarchy, irrationality, and intuition
Pessimism and disgust of the artists helped them reject tradition-
Arp pioneered the use of chance in artwork- releassed him from the role of artist
For Dadaists, the idea of chance comes from the unconsciousness- influenced by Freud
“We had lost confidence in our culture. Everything had to be demolished… At the Cabaret Voltaire we began by shocking common sense, public opinion, education, institutions, museums, good taste, in short, the whole prevailing order.”
Hannah Hoch, The Pretty Maiden, 1920. DADA
Jean Arp
Mountain, Table, Anchors, Navel. 1925.
DADA
Marcel Duchamp, Fountain, 1913.
Duchamp was the central figure in NY Dada scene
Exhibited his first “ready-made” sculptures - mass produced common products “selected” by the artist
Free from the opinions of the population- neither good or bad taste
Forces viewers to see the “artness” of objects
Marcel Duchamp
Marcel Duchamp, The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even (The Large Glass)
1915-23.
DADA
"I am still a victim of chess. It has all the beauty of art -- and much more. It cannot be commercialized. Chess is much purer than art in its social position.“
Marcel Duchamp
Marcel Duchamp
Bicycle Wheel,
1913.
DADA
Marcel Duchamp
Nude Descending a Staircase,
1912.
In 1919, Duchamp drew a moustache and goatee, graffiti-style, on a postcard of the Mona Lisa and added the caption L.H.O.O.Q. – which, as any French schoolboy could tell you, sounds like elle a chaud au cul (“She’s hot in the ass”). It quickly became an icon of the international Dada movement.
Duchamp, L.H.O.O.Q., 1919.
Surrealism
Artists found a means of expressing fantasy and intuition through Surrealism. Surrealist works often included dream-like images, unexpected juxtapositions, and non-sequiturs.
Top: The Difficult Crossing by Rene Magritte, 1926.
Bottom Left: The Red Tower by Giorgio de Chirico. 1913.Bottom Right: Salvador Dali. (Spanish, 1904-1989). The
Persistence of Memory. 1931.
Surrealism
Salvador Dali: Soft Construction with Boiled Beans (Premonition of
Civil War), 1936
Salvador Dali: The Persistence of Memory (1931)
Salvador Dali: The Apparition of the Face and Fruit Dish on a Beach (1938)