ModelX Software

ModelX software

Quick start Users Guide

Copyright information CSM Instruments SA. All rights reserved. This document is for information purposes only. CSM Instruments SA makes no warranties, expressed or implied. The brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of the respective holders. Microsoft is a registered trademark and Windows, Windows 9x, Windows NT/2000, Windows XP are registered trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation. Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of CSM Instruments SA. The software described in this document is furnished under license agreement. The software may be used only in accordance with terms of this agreement. It is against the law to copy the software on any medium except as specifically allowed in the license or nondisclosure agreement. No part of this manual may be reproduced or retransmitted in any form or by any means, electronically or mechanically, including photocopying, recording, or information recording and retrieval systems, for any other purpose than the purchasers personal use, without the express written permission of CSM Instruments SA. Visit our website at http://www.csm-instruments.com

Table of contents 1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................4

1.1. NOTE...................................................................................................................................4 1.2. ABOUT THE MODELX SOFTWARE ................................................................................4

2. STARTING WITH THE MODELX SOFTWARE ..........................................................5

2.1. STARTING THE APPLICATION............................................................................................5 2.2. MAIN WINDOW DESCRIPTION ...........................................................................................7 2.3. CREATING A MODELX DOCUMENT ..................................................................................8 2.4. OPENING A MODELX DOCUMENT ..................................................................................10 2.5. SAVING A MODELX DOCUMENT .....................................................................................11 2.6. EXPORTING A MODELIZATION A TEXT FILE..................................................................12 2.7. MODELX MAIN WINDOW DESCRIPTION.........................................................................13

3. MODELX............................................................................................................................14

3.1. PARAMETERS INPUT ........................................................................................................14 3.1.1. PHYSICAL VALUES ........................................................................................................14 3.1.2. ANALYSIS PARAMETERS ...............................................................................................18 3.2. CALCULATION .................................................................................................................19 3.3. DIFFERENT VIEWS ...........................................................................................................20 3.3.1. 2D MAIN VIEW...............................................................................................................21 3.3.2. 2D FIRST AXIS VIEW......................................................................................................23 3.3.3. 2D SECOND AXIS VIEW..................................................................................................25 3.3.4. 3D VIEW.........................................................................................................................25 3.3.5. POINT VALUES VIEW.....................................................................................................28 3.3.6. STRAIN CURVE VIEW ....................................................................................................29 3.4. OPTIONS ...........................................................................................................................30 3.4.1. PHYSICAL UNITS ...........................................................................................................30 3.4.2. PRINT CHOICE...............................................................................................................30

4. PLAYING WITH THE MODELX DOCUMENT WINDOW ......................................32

4.1. MANAGING THE DOCUMENT WINDOWS .........................................................................32 4.2. USING THE TABS...............................................................................................................32 4.2.1. HOW TO SEE THE DESIRED GROUP ..............................................................................32 4.2.2. HOW TO SEE THE DESIRED DATA .................................................................................32 4.2.3. MANAGING A GROUP OR A DATA (INSERT, CUT, COPY, PASTE, DRAG AND DROP) ...32 4.2.4. TOGGLING A GROUP OR A DATA AS RELEVANT ..........................................................33

5. PRINTING A DOCUMENT.............................................................................................34

5.1. PRINTER CONFIGURATION ..............................................................................................34 5.2. TO PRINT A DOCUMENT ...................................................................................................34 5.3. PRINT PREVIEW ...............................................................................................................35

ModelX software Users guide 4

1. Introduction

1.1. Note

The analytical solutions used to represent stresses in this software have been taken in the paper by G M Hamilton:

G M Hamilton, Explicit equations for the stresses beneath a sliding spherical contact, Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs., Vol. 197C (1983) 53-59.

They have been developed for the stresses beneath a sliding, normally loaded Hertzian contact. They are restricted to the case of the contact between a ball (or spherical indenter) and an isotropic and homogeneous semi-infinite half-space.

Equations are obtained for the complete stress field due to a circular contact region carrying a hemispherical Hertzian normal pressure and a proportional distributed shearing traction.

1.2. About the ModelX software

The equations are illustrated by graphs and other representations: iso-stresses, 2D and 3D views.

The radius of the indenter, the mechanical properties of the two bodies in contact, the normal load applied and the coefficient of friction define the contact conditions.

Depending of these contact conditions, the software calculates the Hertzian contact radius and the maximal pressure.

Different graphs can then be selected for a complete view of the stress field. The values of the stresses can be dimensional or as a function of the contact radius for length and displacements and as a function of maximal pressure for the stresses.


2. Starting with the ModelX software

2.1. Starting the application

To start the ModelX application, open the Start menu from the Windows task bar and click on the application name or click on the ModelX icon in the Windows Desktop, as follows:

fig. 1 : Launching the ModelX application from Microsoft Windows Start menu.

If your software is not registered, the following dialog box appears:

fig. 2 Registration dialog box


To obtain a License code, contact the customer service at CSM Instruments S.A. The software will automatically prepare an e-mail containing the personal key needed to obtain the License code that is specific to your computer and instrument combination. If a mail service is available on the computer where the software is installed, you can generate the mail simply by pressing the icon. You will be presented with a completed e-mail which you can send straight away or to which you may wish to add comments. If there is no mail service available on the computer where the software is installed you can save the personal key data directly to a floppy disk by clicking on the icon. This can then be sent as an e-mail to [email protected]. Likewise the License code may be obtained by sending the personal key information as a fax or by telephone.

Then, click on >> Registration >> then in the boxes marked activation code enter the License code as supplied. Click Register.

fig. 3 Enter the license code to activate the software

If your license code was accepted, a message will appear to tell you that the registration was successful. If you select the About item from the Help menu, the license number can be seen in the bottom left corner of the software information box.

If you have made a mistake in entering the license code, a message will warn you, and you will have 2 more attempts to enter the correct code or you will be required to restart the entire registration process.

Important note: the license code that is supplied is specific to version of the software, the computer used and the instruments to be used. If you change any of these items you may need to re-register your software. Unregistered, the software will not work.


2.2. Main window description

fig. 4 : The main window

The main window appears a few seconds after the application starts. The organization of this window is similar to most Microsoft applications: you will find a title bar, command menus and an icon bar. On the bottom of the screen, a status bar displays help messages and values measured on the curves.

The concept of a document window is very common in data word processing applications and you may already be familiar with it.

Five menus are accessible from the main window. The file menu contains the classical file management and general options command. The Edit menu has many commands to manage the information stored in the documents. The Window menu is the classical method to control the document window format. The Help menu allows you to open the About box.

Depending on the context, the menus and the buttons in the icon bar may change dynamically. All the possible commands are described in the following sections.


2.3. Creating a ModelX document

fig. 5 : The command menu and button to create a new document

To create a new ModelX document, you can use the New command from File menu, or click on the New button in the icon bar. This will open the New document dialog box shown below.

fig. 6 : The New document dialog box.

Set your document and group names and click OK. A new document window is created.


fig. 7 : The command menu and button to insert a new modelization

Then choose the Insert command in the Edit-Data menu or click on the Insert button in the icon bar. Select Spherical Contact and click OK. This will open the Insert new dialog box.

fig. 8: The Insert new modelization dialog box.

Select the Spherical Contact icon and click OK. The Modelizations properties dialog box appears.

fig. 9: The Insert Modelizations properties dialog box.


Then set your modelization name and click OK. The main ModelX window appears.

Creating a document, you can mark your Group and Modelization relevant or not, so that you will be able to sort your documents from their relevance.

2.4. Opening a ModelX document

fig. 10 : Opening a ModelX document

To open a ModelX document, you can use the Open command from File menu, or click on the Open button in the icon bar. This will open the Open a data file dialog box.

fig. 11 : The Open a data file dialog box

This standard dialog box allows you to browse in the directories and to select one or several files. To open the selected files, click on the Open button. A document window will appear for each selected file.

The files must have the extension IXF (meaning InstrumX File).


2.5. Saving a ModelX document

fig. 12 : The command menu and button to save a document

To save a document in a new file, use the Save as command from File menu, or click on the Save button in the icon bar. If the document has already been saved in a file, use the Save command in the File menu.

fig. 13 : The Save a data file dialog box

The Windows standard dialog box allows you to browse in the directories and fill in a file name. To save the file, press the Save button.


2.6. Exporting a Modelization a text file

fig. 14: The command menu to export a document

To export a modelization in a text file for a further analysis, you may use the Export command from Edit->File menu, or with a right-click on the name of document you want to export. The dialog box shown below will prompt you for a file name and for a file format.

fig. 15: The exportation dialog box

This Windows standard dialog box allows you to browse in the directories and fill in the file name. To save the file, press the save button.

The exported file contains the sample information and parameters on the first lines. The rest of the file is composed of the values from the acquisition, organized as defined in the selected format.

Note : To export a single modelization or a group, select Export in the corresponding tab popup menu.

fig. 16 : Exporting a single modelization or a group


2.7. ModelX Main window description

fig. 17 : The main window

Parameters Visualization

The main window appears a few seconds after the application starts. The left side of the window contains the physical parameters values (on the top) and the analysis options. The right side contains the visualization of the results, with different views.


3. ModelX

3.1. Parameters input

fig. 18 : Parameters input field

Default values are selected when the application starts. How to change them?

3.1.1. Physical values

You have to input the indenters and samples parameters, the normal loads and the friction coefficients values:

Physical values

Results: contact radius, contact area and maximal pressure values.

Analysis parameters


fig. 19 : Physical values input field.

Click on this button to input indenters and samples properties. This will open the Material database dialog box.

fig. 20 : Material database & Material record dialog boxes.

Then select an existing material. If you want to create one, click on the Add button. The Material record dialog will appear. Then enter the materials properties. The Comment field is optional, you can let it empty.

You can also change the properties of an existing material: select it and click the Edit button. The Material record dialog will appears and you can change the old values.

To remove a material, select it and click the Delete button.


fig. 21 : Material list filter

You can choose to see only a certain type of material in the Filter field: materials are sorted from their category and their relevance.

You can import an existing material database as shown:

fig. 22 : Importing a material database

Click on the Import button. The Open dialog appears. Set the text file containing the database you want to load and click Open.

The material database must be a text file (*.txt) with a particular format:

Name1 Category1 Young Modulus1 Poisson Ratio1 (Comment1)



Different data must be separated with tabulations. Comments are optional. You can generate a database with an external word processor or a spreadsheet.


fig. 23 : Exporting a material database

To export a material database, click on the Export button. The Save as dialog appears. Set the name of the text file in wich you want to save the database and click Save.

When the material is chosen, you have to set the indenter radius value in the input box of the physical values field. The sample can be spherical or plane:

fig. 24 : Choosing a spherical or plane sample.

For a plane sample, the radius is fixed infinity. For a spherical one, you have to set the radius.

Set also the Normal Loads and the Coefficient of friction values.


3.1.2. Analysis parameters

the analysis

fig. 25 : Analysis selection field

Choose here the analysis you want to realize:

. sx : XX Stress

. sy : YY Stress

. sz : ZZ Stress

. sVM : Von Mises Stress

.txy : XY Stress

.tyz : YZ Stress

.tzx : ZX Stress

the plane of visualization

fig. 26 : Plane selection field

Choose here the visualization plane of your analysis. In the x-y plane, for example, curves will be function of x and y. You have to set the third parameters value (here z), to fix the plane of calculation.

the scales parameters

fig. 27 : Scale definition field

Set the graphics bounds (minimal and maximal abscise and ordinate). You can choose an adaptive scale: for each curve, the scale is optimized. If the adaptive scale is disabled, the scales minimum and maximum are the minimum and maximum of the plane, not of the curve itself. The Symmetrical button set the ratio between abscises and ordinates for the representation to respect the reality: a circle will be a circle for example. The Default Scale button set the default values of minimums and maximums.


the representation mode

fig. 28 : Representation selection field

Values can be dimensioned or reported on Pmax (maximal pressure) for the stresses and a (contact radius) for the distances.

Curves can be colorized or not. This option is also available when results are printed.

If curves are colorized, you can choose colors of the main graph:

To change a color, click on the corresponding button select the wanted color and click OK.

3.2. Calculation

Some buttons launch the calculation automatically (Analysis, Third parameter value, Default scale, Dimensional, Colorized, Iso-values, Grid). Others only change the parameter without carrying out the calculation. This enables changing a number of


complex parameters before the calculation. In that case, graphics are not updated, and the following symbol appears:

3.3. Different views

To select a particular view, click the corresponding button in the toolbar.

fig. 29 : View selection

2D main view

2D first axis view

2D second axis view

3D view

Point values view

Strain curve view

To update graphics, click on this symbol.


3.3.1. 2D main view

fig. 30 : 2D main view

This is the selected view in a new document. It contains the main graph, representing the stress in the selected plane (here z-x) and the two extracted profiles: at the bottom the x-function, at the right the z-function. For a profile, the value of the second parameter is set with the corresponding track bar.

In colorized mode, Stress values in the main graph are represented by a gradient of colors, blue for the minimal stress, red for the maximal. You can read the position of the cursor and the corresponding value of the stress in the status bar:

fig. 31 : Cursor value

The main view parameters field contains the properties of the main graph.


fig. 32 : Main view parameters field

The main graph can be represented in continue (black to red gradient) or with iso-values. You can choose the representation mode clicking the Iso-Values or the Continue button.

fig. 33 : Iso-Values mode

You can also change the mode with a double-click on the graph.

Use the track bar to choose the number of Iso-values.

fig. 34 : Number of Iso-Values selection


You can choose to put a grid on the graph or not, clicking the Show Grid or the Hide Grid button.

fig. 35 : Grid option

3.3.2. 2D first axis view

fig. 36 : 2D first axis view

This view represents the bottom-extracted profile of the 2D main view. You can zoom on the curve with the mouse (left click, drag and release) or selecting a ratio in the zoom box:


fig. 37 : Zoom on a curve

fig. 38 : the Zoom box

You can read the position of the cursor and the corresponding value of the stress in the status bar:

fig. 39 : Cursor value


3.3.3. 2D second axis view

fig. 40 : 2D second axis view

This view represents the right-extracted profile of the 2D main view.

3.3.4. 3D view

fig. 41 : 3D view


The 3D view shows the three-dimensioned curve of the main graph. The vertical axis represents the stress, the two others the plane of calculation. You can change the zoom factor, the amplitude and the step of calculation using the track bars. You can choose also different options:

Color mode option:

fig. 42 : Different color modes in 3D view

Mesh mode:

fig. 43 : Mesh mode

Light position adjustment:

fig. 44 : Light position adjustment

Scale adjustment:


fig. 45 : 3D scale adjustment field

fig. 46 : 3D scale adjustment

To adjust the 3D scale, select the coordinate you want to change and use the track bars to set the minimum and maximum values. In 3D mode, bounds are only given non-dimensioned.

To make the curve move, click the left button or press Ctrl and move the mouse; the curve turns with it.


3.3.5. Point values view

fig. 47 : Point values view

fig. 48 : Point value calculation field

This function permits you to calculate and save specific values of the stress and to print them. The coordinates input field appears when the point values view is selected. Parameters and analysis are set as before. Values can be given with dimensions or not, clicking the Dimensional or the Non-Dimensional button in the toolbar. To add a new value, click on the Add Value button. You can erase the last value clicking on the Undo button.


3.3.6. Strain curve view

fig. 49 : Strain curve view

This curve represents the strain on the samples surface. It is functioned of the abscise chosen for the calculation (x for x-y and x-z planes, y for y-z plane). Abscise bounds are the same as the other curves. The strain calculation is always done with a friction coefficient of zero (in normal load). The two vertical lines represent the limit of the contact between the indenter and the sample (-a and +a).


3.4. Options

Choose the Options command in the File menu.

fig. 50 : Options menu comand

3.4.1. Physical units

You can change distances, loads and stresses units: in Modelization Units, select units for each dimension and click OK.

fig. 51 : Units selection dialog box

3.4.2. Print choice

You can choose what you want to print: in Document Model, you can edit an existing document model or create a new one.


Then, in the Modelization field, choose what you want to print and click OK. Only the selected data will be printed.


4. Playing with the ModelX document window

4.1. Managing the document windows

The title field is used as the title of the displayed and printed document. See section [7. Printing a document; page 40] to get more information about print features.

fig. 52 : The command menu to define the title

The document windows are moveable and resizable in the normal fashion. Moreover, the Windows menu allows you to easily reorganize the document windows in cascade or in tile.

fig. 53 : The Window menu

4.2. Using the tabs

4.2.1. How to see the desired group

To see the desired group, simply click on its corresponding group name on the tab control. Clicking on a tab changes the current page viewed.

4.2.2. How to see the desired data

To see the desired data, simply click on its corresponding data name on the tab control. Clicking on a tab changes the current page viewed.

4.2.3. Managing a group or a data (insert, cut, copy, paste, drag and drop)

You can manage a data using the manage area in the Edit menu. For example to delete a data, select first the data to be deleted by clicking on its tab. Click then on the Delete command from the Edit menu.


It is also possible to manage a group or a data using the popup menu on a tab. To do this, click on a tab with the right button of the mouse. A popup menu will appear, containing the for example, the Delete command to be used.

4.2.4. Toggling a group or a data as relevant

A group or a data can be defined as relevant or not. This feature is useful in association with the print function. The print function will allow printing of all the data or solely those chosen as relevant.

To toggle the relevant attribute of a data, click the relevant line in the Edit menu of the application. You can also use the popup menu of the tabs. For this, just click on a tab with the right button of the mouse, and then click on the relevant line.

The relevant groups and data tabs are marked with a small star.

fig. 54: Stars on the relevant group

and data tabs


5. Printing a document

5.1. Printer configuration

fig. 55 : The command menu and button to

configure the printer

The printer configuration allows you to select and configure a printer and to define the paper orientation and size. Note that the software has been designed to print on A4 210 x 297 mm paper in the Portrait orientation.

fig. 56 The printer configuration dialog box

Black and white and color printers are supported.

5.2. To print a document

The choice of what to print is described in the Options part.


fig. 57 : The command menu and button to print a document

To print the current document opened in the application, you can use the Print command from the File menu, or click on the Print button in the icon bar. These commands are only available when a document is opened in the application.

The Print dialog box will let you define the print type you want.

fig. 58 : The Print dialog box

The Printer menu allows you to change the destination printer.

Note : To print a single modelization, select Print in the corresponding tab popup menu.

fig. 59 : Print a single modelization

5.3. Print preview

fig. 60: The command menu and button to preview the print of a document


To preview the current document opened in the application, choose the Print Preview command from the File menu or click on the Print Preview button in the icon bar. These commands are only available when a document is opened in the application.

This command will open the full screen print preview window shown below.

fig. 61 : The print preview window

An entire page is visible in this window. On the top, several commands are available in an icon bar.

Close the print preview

Zoom to fit an entire page in the screen

Zoom to fit the page width in the screen

Zoom out


Zoom in

See first page

See last page

See previous page

See next page

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