models1-5instructions

8/10/2019 models1-5instructions

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Ronald H. Heck, Scott L. Thomas, Lynn Tabata Fall 2009 1

Defining Model 1 (Null Model) with PASW Menu Commands

Note: The following

models are constructed

using the mathdata.savfile.

1 .Go to the PASW

toolbar and select

ANALYZE, MIXEDMODELS, LINEAR.

This command opens

theLinear Mixed

Models: SpecifiedSubjects and Repeated

dialogue box.

2. From theLinear Mixed Models:

Specify the Subjects and Repeateddialogue box, click to select the

schcodevariable from the leftcolumn. Then click the right arrow

button to transfer schcodeinto the

Subjectsbox. This is the groupingvariable. We could add a second

grouping variable if we were

defining a three-level model.

Click the CONTINUE button to

display theLinear Mixed Models

dialogue box.


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3. TheLinear Mixed Modelsdialogue box is used to define the dependent variable as well as anyfactors (categorical variables) or covariates (interval variables) in the analysis.

a. Click to select the mathvariable from the left column. Then click the right arrow button to

transfer mathinto theDependent Variablebox.

b. Since there are no

fixed effects in the nullmodel, click the

RANDOM button to

access theLinear

Mixed Models:

Random Effectsdialogue box.

4. The RANDOM command is used to specify the random effects; that is, which variables are tobe treated as randomly varying across groups. In this case, only the intercept varies randomly.

a. Change the default

covariance type toSCALED IDENTITY

by clicking on the

pull-down menu tomake the selection.

b. Click theIncludeintercept option. This

identifies it as a

random effect.

c. Click to select theSubject Groupings

variable schcode. Thenclick the right arrow

button to transfer the

variable into theCombinationsbox.

This identifies the


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intercept as varying

across schools.

Click the CONTINUE

button to return

5. In theLinear Mixed

Models dialogue box, click

the ESTIMATION buttonto access theLinear Mixed

Models: Estimation

dialogue box.

We will use the default

restricted maximum

likelihood (REML) setting.

Click the CONTINUE

button to return to the

Linear Mixed Modelsdialogue box.


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6. In theLinear Mixed

Models dialogue box,click the STATISTICS

button to access the

Linear Mixed Models:

Statistics dialogue box.

Click and select the

following three statistics:Parameter estimates, tests

for covariance

parameters, andcovariances of random

effects.

Then click the

CONTINUE button toreturn to theLinear

Mixed Modelsdialoguebox.

7. Finally, in theLinearMixed Models dialogue

box, click the OK button

to run the model.


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Defining Model 2 with PASW Menu Commands

(PASW settings will

default to those used forthe preceding Null

Model.)

1. Go to the PASW toolbarand select ANALYZE,

MIXED MODELS,

LINEAR.

This command opens the


Specified Subjects and

Repeateddialogue box.

2. TheLinear Mixed Models: Specify

Subjects and Repeateddialogue box,

displays schcodein the Subjectsbox.

Click the CONTINUE button to

display theLinear Mixed Modelsdialogue box.


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3. TheLinear Mixed Models

dialogue box displays mathin theDependent Variable

box.

a. Locate and click thevariables lowses and

lowses_mean variables from

the left column. Then clickthe right arrow button to

transfer the variables into

the Covariate(s)box.

b. Click the FIXED button

to access theLinear Mixed

Models: Fixed Effects

dialogue box.

4a. Within theLinear Mixed Models: Fixed Effectsdialogue box, click the pull-down menu tochange the factorial setting toMain Effects.

b. Click to selectlowsesfrom the

Factors and

Covariatesboxthen click the

ADD button tomove the variable

into theModel

box. Note that we

will only placethis variable in the

model at this time

since it is a levelone predictor in

Model 2.

Click the

CONTINUE

button to return totheLinear Mixed

Modelsdialogue

box. In theLinear

Mixed Models

dialogue box,

click the RANDOM button to access theLinear Mixed Models: Random Effects dialogue box


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5. In theLinear MixedModels dialogue box,

the estimation and

statistics settings

remain the same asModel 1 so skip over

these buttons and click

OK to run the model.


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Defining Model 3 with PASW Menu Commands

(PASW settings will defaultto those used for Model 2.)

1. Go to the PASW toolbar

and select ANALYZE,MIXED MODELS,

LINEAR.






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2. TheLinear Mixed Models:

Specify Subjects and Repeateddialogue box, displays

schcodein the Subjectsbox.

Click the CONTINUE buttonto display theLinear Mixed

Modelsdialogue box.

3. TheLinear Mixed Models

dialogue box displays mathin theDependent Variable

box.

a. Click theteacheffect_mean variable

from the left column. Then

click the right arrow buttonto transfer the variable into

the Covariate(s)box.

b. Click the FIXED button

to access theLinear Mixed

Models: Fixed Effectsdialogue box.


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4. Clear the

lowses

variable from

theModelby

clicking the

Removebutton. We do

this to

reorganize theinformation in

the output

table.

5a. Click the

teacheffect_mean

then click the

ADD button tomove the

variable into the

Modelbox.

b. Now click the

lowses_mean

variable then the

ADD button to

move thevariable into the

Modelbox.

c. Finally, clickthe last variable

lowses then thethe ADD button.

Click the CONTINUE button to return to theLinear Mixed Models dialogue box.


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6. The random effects,

estimation and statisticssettings remain the

same so skip over these

buttons and click the

OK button to run themodel.

If we did wish to definea random slope, we

could open the

RANDOM dialoguebox and specify lowses

as randomly varying

before running the

model.


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Defining Model 4 with PASW/SPSS Commands

(PASW settings will

default to those used for

Model 3.)

1 .Go to the PASW

toolbar and select

ANALYZE, MIXEDMODELS, LINEAR.






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Specify Subjects and Repeateddialogue box, displays schcodein

the Subjectsbox.

Click the CONTINUE button todisplay theLinear Mixed Models

dialogue box.

3. TheLinear Mixed

Models dialogue boxshows the default

setting from Model 3.

We will continue using

the same variables andFixed Effects settingsso click the RANDOM


Random Effects screen.

4. TheRandom Effect 1 of 1 screen displays Variance Components as the covariance matrix.


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a. Change the

covariance typetoDiagonal by

clicking the pull-

down menu to

make theselection.

b. Click the pull-down menu to

change the

factorial settingtoMain Effects.

c. Click to select

the lowses

variable from theFactors and

Covariatesboxthen click the

ADD button to

move thevariable into the

Modelbox.

Click the CONTINUE button to return to theLinear Mixed Models dialogue box.

5. The estimation andstatistics settingsremain the same so

skip over these buttons

and click OK to run themodel.


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Defining Model 5 with PASW/SPSS Commands

(PASW settings will

default to those used forthe preceding Model 4.)

1. Go to the PASWtoolbar and select

ANALYZE, MIXED

MODELS, LINEAR.






Specify Subjects and Repeated

dialogue box, displays schcodeinthe Subjectsbox.

Click the CONTINUE button todisplay theLinear Mixed Models

dialogue box.


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3. TheLinear MixedModels dialogue box

displays the settings

used for Model 4.

We will continue using

the same variables.

Click the FIXED



Fixed Effects dialogue

box.

4. Two cross-interactions will be created from theLinear Mixed Models: Fixed Effects dialogue

box: teacheffect_mean*lowses and lowses_mean*lowses.a. Begin by

clicking to select

theBuild nestedterms option.

b. Click to select

the variableteacheffect_mean

from the Factors

and Covariatesbox.

c. Then click thedown arrow button

which will insert

teacheffect_mean

into theBuild

Termconstructionsection.

d. Next, click the BY* button which will insert the command symbol (*) to the term so it appears

as: teacheffect_mean*


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e. Now click to

selectlowsesfromthe Factors and

Covariatesbox.

f. Then click thedown arrow button

which will insert

lowses after the *(BY) term in the

Build Term

section. Thiscompletes the

interaction

command:

teacheffect_mean*

lowses.

g. Click the ADD button to move the interaction teacheffect_mean*lowses into theModelbox.

5. The second cross-level interaction to create is: lowses_mean*lowses

a. Click to selectthe variable

lowses_mean fromthe Factors and

Covariatesbox.

b. Then click the

down arrow button

which will insertlowses_mean into

theBuild Term

construction area.

c. Click the BY*

button to insert the

computation

command symbol(*) into the term so

it appears as: lowses_mean*


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d. Next, click to select

lowsesfrom the

Factors and

Covariatesbox.

e. Then click the downarrow button to insert

lowses into theBuild

Termconstructionarea. This completes

the interaction:

lowses_mean*lowsess

f. Click the ADD

button to move the

interaction

lowses_mean*lowses.

Click the CONTINUE button to return to theLinear Mixed Models dialogue box. Next click theRANDOM button to accessLinear Mixed Models: Random Effects.

6. The estimation andstatistics settings

remain the same as

those used for Model 4so skip over these

buttons and click OK torun the model.

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