1. A Major Research Project for the Applied Geomatics Research Group May 30, 2014 Completed by: Neil Blair AGEO GIS Concentration

2. 1. Preface: Background Information 2. Objective 3. Introduction 4. Methodology: Data Collection/Preparation, Data Manipulation 5. Results: ArcMap and Excel Outputs 6. Trend Analysis 7. Conclusion PROJECT OVERVIEW: 3. To create a series of charts and maps depicting seasonal changes in temperature and NDVI values from 2007 to 2013 and observe any trends or correlations between said parameters. Objective 4. Sputnik 1: October 4, 1957 Explorer 1: February 1, 1958 TIROS-1 (NOAA) April1, 1960 1978 AVHRR December 18, 1999 launch of the Flagship for EOS program:TERRA PREFACE: History of Earth Observation Image Courtesy of: National Air and Space Museum Image Courtesy of: NASA 5. E.O.S. Program:Terra 6. Normalized DifferenceVegetation Index Ratio Value (-1 to +1) NO UNITS NIR RED Band / NIR + RED Band VegetationValues 0.1 0.99 Assume negative values as non vegetation INTRODUCTION: What is N.D.V.I. 7. INTRODUCTION: Defining Ecoregions/Districts Interconnected Holistic Includes all major components of an Ecosystem: 1. Climate (Temperature, Precipitation etc.) 2. Geology (Soils and underlying strata) 3. Biology (Flora and Fauna) 4. Geography (Location relative to the equator or poles, physical terrain) 8. Methodology: Data Collection 9. Data Collection 10. Data Collection 11. FME QuickTranslator from .HDF to .TIFF Translation reveals 11 unnamed rasters per scene: Which one to choose? Data Manipulation: NDVI 12. PlantWatch Data existed as an .XLSX (Excel File) Split the document manually to show sightings for each year Convert to .dbf using ArcTools:Table to dBASE. .XLSX .CSV .DBF Coordinates for individual sightings are in Long/Lat format Data Manipulation: PlantWatch 13. First of 2 Excel files:Total of 16 Weather Stations with daily information: Temperature, Precipitation, Wind (No Geographic Coordinates) Second of 2 Excel Files: Geographic Coordinates, Height Above Sealevel, Start Date etc. Data Manipulation: Environment Canada 14. Objective: Obtain average NDVI values under each EcoDistrict 1. Transform the EcoDistrict shapefile into a Raster 2. Use Zonal Statistics to gather average cell values from the NDVI layered below the EcoDistrict 3. Using each Weather Station as a reference point, extract the Average NDVI values into Point Values 4. Append all values into a single table 5. Open in Excel Document and reformat information to highlight each weather stations Average NDVI value for each month Data Manipulation: EcoDistrict 15. Results: EcoDistrict 16. Results: NDVI Sample 2007 17. Results:Temperature Data: Greenwood, N.S. -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 1/1/20** 2/18/20** 4/6/20** 5/24/20** 7/11/20** 8/28/20** 10/15/20** 12/2/20** 1/19/20** 3/7/20** 4/24/20** 6/11/20** 7/29/20** 9/15/20** 11/2/20** 12/20/20** 2/6/20** 3/25/20** 5/12/20** 6/29/20** 8/16/20** 10/3/20** 11/20/20** 1/7/20** 2/24/20** 4/12/20** 5/30/20** 7/17/20** 9/3/20** 10/21/20** 12/8/20** 1/25/20** 3/13/20** 4/30/20** 6/17/20** 8/4/20** 9/21/20** 11/8/20** 12/26/20** 2/12/20** 3/31/20** 5/18/20** 7/5/20** 8/22/20** 10/9/20** 11/26/20** Temperature:DegreesCelsius Date Greenwood Min and MaxTemperature: 2007 - 2013 Min Temp Max Temp 18. Results: Average NDVI Values y = 5.0772x + 4909.7 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 Jan_07 Mar_07 Jun_07 Aug_07 Nov_07 Feb_08 Apr_08 Jul_08 Sep_08 Jan_09 Mar_09 Jun_09 Aug_09 Nov_09 Feb_10 May_10 Jul_10 Oct_10 Jan_11 Mar_11 Jun_11 Sep_11 Dec_11 Mar_12 May_12 Aug_12 Nov_12 Feb_13 May_13 Jul_13 Nov_13 Temperature:DegreesCelsius Date AverageTemperature compared to Average NDVIValues for Greenwood N.S. 2007 - 2013 NDVI Values Greenwood Linear (NDVI Values Greenwood) 19. Trend Analysis of NDVI and Temperature Data y = 0.0193x + 6.7235 y = 5.0772x + 4909.70 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 Jan_07 Apr_07 Jul_07 Oct_07 Jan_08 Apr_08 Jul_08 Oct_08 Feb_09 May_09 Aug_09 Dec_09 Mar_10 Jun_10 Sep_10 Jan_11 Apr_11 Jul_11 Oct_11 Feb_12 May_12 Aug_12 Dec_12 Mar_13 Jul_13 Nov_13 NDVIValueRatio Temperature:DegreesCelsius Date AverageTemperature compared to Average NDVIValues for Greenwood N.S. 2007 - 2013 Average Temperature NDVI Values Greenwood Linear (Average Temperature) Linear (NDVI Values Greenwood) 20. Is there a positive trend with increasing NDVIValues associated with increased temperature? It is likely that temperature is correlated with the Vegetation Index Climate trends are best observed over centuries instead of decades to provide more insight into climate oscillations Conclusion 21. References Environment Canada (2014). Canadian Weather - Environment Canada. Retrieved from http://weather.gc.ca/canada_e.html NASA (2013, November 26). Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer - AVHRR - NOAA Satellite Information System (NOAASIS); Office of Satellite and Product Operations. Retrieved from http://noaasis.noaa.gov/NOAASIS/ml/avhrr.html Nova Scotia Department of Agriculture (1999). EcoRegions and EcoDistricts of Nova Scotia. Retrieved from http://sis.agr.gc.ca/cansis/publications/surveys/ns/nsee/nsee_report.pdf PlantWatch (2014, April). PlantWatch. Retrieved from https://www.naturewatch.ca/english/plantwatch/ USGS (2014, May). USGS Global Visualization Viewer. Retrieved from http://glovis.usgs.gov/ References 22. Questions?