Modeling Sub-Chandrasekhar Mass White Dwarf Explosions …

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Abigail Polin NSF Fellow, UC Berkeley 12 March 2019 Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019 [email protected] Modeling Sub-Chandrasekhar Mass White Dwarf Explosions as Type Ia Supernovae

Transcript of Modeling Sub-Chandrasekhar Mass White Dwarf Explosions …

Page 1: Modeling Sub-Chandrasekhar Mass White Dwarf Explosions …

Abigail Polin NSF Fellow, UC Berkeley

12 March 2019

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March [email protected]

Modeling Sub-Chandrasekhar Mass White Dwarf Explosionsas Type Ia Supernovae

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The Sub-Chandrasekhar Model

C/O WD

M < 1.4 M⦿ surface Helium shell

Double Detonation Scenario: detonation of the surface helium leads to a detonation of the carbon-oxygen core

accreted from

from a collision with

non-degenerate

degenerate

He WD

(Thick Helium Shells)

(Thin Helium Shells)

Primary Progenitor

Possible Companion

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Numerical Methods — CastroCastro: an adaptive mesh, astrophysical radiation hydrodynamics code

example adaptive grid designed to tag areas of nuclear burning for refinement

Radius (km)

Tem

pera

ture

(K)

Den

sity

(g/c

m3 )

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Double Detonation - 0.76 M⦿ WD w/ 0.15 M⦿ HeDensityTemperature

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Potential for heavy elenents in the outer ejecta

Density radioactive elements IMEs (10<Z<40)

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Example Ejecta Composition

0.01

0.1

1

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1

5 x 103 km/s 10 15 2025M

ass

Frac

tion

Interior Mass [MO• ]

4He16O10 < Z ≤ 2044Ti+48Cr+52Fe56Ni

1.0 M⦿ WD w/ 0.08 M⦿ He

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Light Curves - (g-band)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

0.08 MO• He Shells

Days Since Explosion

1.1 MO• WD1.0 MO• WD0.9 MO• WD0.8 MO• WD

-20

-19

-18

-17

-16

-15

-14

-13

-12 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

0.01 MO• He Shells

Abso

lute

Mag

nitu

de

Days Since Explosion

1.1 MO• WD1.0 MO• WD0.9 MO• WD0.8 MO• WD

Thin Helium Shells Thick Helium Shells

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Spectra - (at peak g-band)Thin Helium Shells Thick Helium Shells

3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.85

0.7

CaII

SiII CaII

TiII

1.2

log

F ν in

arb

itrar

y un

its

Wavelength (Angstroms)

1.1 MO•

1.0 MO•

0.9 MO•0.8 MO•0.7 MO•

CaII SiII CaIITiII

Spectra at Peak

F λ in

arb

itrar

y un

its3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000

0.8 MO• WD2.6 days after explosion

Spectra at Early Excess

Wavelength (Angstroms)

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Thin Helium Shells Thick Helium Shells

3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.85

0.7

CaII

SiII CaII

TiII

1.2

log

F ν in

arb

itrar

y un

its

Wavelength (Angstroms)

1.1 MO•

1.0 MO•

0.9 MO•0.8 MO•0.7 MO•

CaII SiII CaIITiII

Spectra at Peak

F λ in

arb

itrar

y un

its3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000

0.8 MO• WD2.6 days after explosion

Spectra at Early Excess

Wavelength (Angstroms)

Spectra - (at peak g-band)

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Thin Shells - Peak Spectra - 0.01 M⦿ He

3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.85

0.7

CaII

SiII CaII

TiII

1.2

log

F ν in

arb

itrar

y un

its

Wavelength (Angstroms)

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Thin Shells — 0.01 M⦿ He

3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

log

F ν in

arb

itrar

y un

its

Wavelength (Angstroms)

0.8 MO• WD0.85 MO• WD

0.9 MO• WD1991bg

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Thin Shells — 0.01 M⦿ He

3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.85

0.7

CaII

SiII CaII

TiII

1.2

log

F ν in

arb

itrar

y un

its

Wavelength (Angstroms)

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Thin Shells — 0.01 M⦿ HeLu

min

osity

(WD

Mas

s)

3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.85

0.7

CaII

SiII CaII

TiII

1.2

log

F ν in

arb

itrar

y un

its

Wavelength (Angstroms)

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Thin Shells — 0.01 M⦿ HeLu

min

osity

(WD

Mas

s)

3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.85

0.7

CaII

SiII CaII

TiII

1.2

log

F ν in

arb

itrar

y un

its

Wavelength (Angstroms)

Si II Velocity

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Thin Shells — 0.01 M⦿ He

-20.5

-20.0

-19.5

-19.0

-18.5

-18.0

-17.5

-17.09.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

MB

SiII Velocity [1000 km/s]

Zheng et al. 2018

Polin et al. 2018

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Thin Shells — 0.01 M⦿ He

-20.5

-20.0

-19.5

-19.0

-18.5

-18.0

-17.5

-17.09.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

MB

SiII Velocity [1000 km/s]

Zheng et al. 2018

-20.5

-20.0

-19.5

-19.0

-18.5

-18.0

-17.5

-17.09.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

1.10 MO• WD1.00 MO• WD0.90 MO• WD

1.20 MO• WD

MB

SiII Velocity [1000 km/s]

0.01 MO• He ShellsZheng et al. 2018

-20.5

-20.0

-19.5

-19.0

-18.5

-18.0

-17.5

-17.09.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

1.10 MO• WD1.00 MO• WD0.90 MO• WD

1.20 MO• WD

MB

SiII Velocity [1000 km/s]

-20.5

-20.0

-19.5

-19.0

-18.5

-18.0

-17.5

-17.09.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

1.10 MO• WD1.00 MO• WD0.90 MO• WD

1.20 MO• WD

MB

SiII Velocity [1000 km/s]

-20.5

-20.0

-19.5

-19.0

-18.5

-18.0

-17.5

-17.09.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

1.10 MO• WD1.00 MO• WD0.90 MO• WD

1.20 MO• WD

MB

SiII Velocity [1000 km/s]

-20.5

-20.0

-19.5

-19.0

-18.5

-18.0

-17.5

-17.09.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

1.10 MO• WD1.00 MO• WD0.90 MO• WD

1.20 MO• WD

MB

SiII Velocity [1000 km/s]

-20.5

-20.0

-19.5

-19.0

-18.5

-18.0

-17.5

-17.09.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

1.10 MO• WD1.00 MO• WD0.90 MO• WD

1.20 MO• WD

MB

SiII Velocity [1000 km/s]Polin et al. 2018

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Thin Shells — 0.01 M⦿ He

-20.5

-20.0

-19.5

-19.0

-18.5

-18.0

-17.5

-17.09.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

MB

SiII Velocity [1000 km/s]

Zheng et al. 2018

-20.5

-20.0

-19.5

-19.0

-18.5

-18.0

-17.5

-17.09.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

MB

SiII Velocity [1000 km/s]

0.01 MO• He ShellsZheng et al. 2018

-20.5

-20.0

-19.5

-19.0

-18.5

-18.0

-17.5

-17.09.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

MB

SiII Velocity [1000 km/s]

-21.0

-20.5

-20.0

-19.5

-19.0

-18.5

-18.0

-17.5

-17.09.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

MB

SiII Velocity [1000 km/s]

0.01 MO• He ShellsZheng et al. 2018

-0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4B-V

-21.0

-20.5

-20.0

-19.5

-19.0

-18.5

-18.0

-17.5

-17.09.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

MB

SiII Velocity [1000 km/s]

-0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4B-V

Polin et al. 2018

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Thin Helium Shells Thick Helium Shells

3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.85

0.7

CaII

SiII CaII

TiII

1.2

log

F ν in

arb

itrar

y un

its

Wavelength (Angstroms)

1.1 MO•

1.0 MO•

0.9 MO•0.8 MO•0.7 MO•

CaII SiII CaIITiII

Spectra at Peak

F λ in

arb

itrar

y un

its3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000

0.8 MO• WD2.6 days after explosion

Spectra at Early Excess

Wavelength (Angstroms)

Spectra - (at peak g-band)

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Thick Shells — 0.08 M⦿ He

1.1 MO•

1.0 MO•

0.9 MO•0.8 MO•0.7 MO•

CaII SiII CaIITiII

Spectra at PeakF λ

in a

rbitr

ary

units

3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000

0.8 MO• WD2.6 days after explosion

Spectra at Early Excess

Wavelength (Angstroms)

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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SN2018byg (ZTF18aaqeasu)A Massive Helium-shell Double Detonation on a Sub-Chandrasekhar Mass White Dwarf De et al. 2019

�20 �10 0 10 20 30 40Rest frame phase from r band peak (days)

18

19

20

21

22

App

aren

tm

agni

tude

�19

�18

�17

�16

�15

Abs

olut

em

agni

tude

S S S S S S S S

P48 r

P60 r

P60 g � 3

P200 g � 3

P60 i + 1.5

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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SN2018byg (ZTF18aaqeasu)

De et al. 2019

0 10 20 30 40Rest frame time from explosion (days)

�19.5

�19.0

�18.5

�18.0

�17.5

�17.0

�16.5

Abs

olut

em

agni

tude

K10 0.81 M�, 0.13 M�

K10 0.92 M�, 0.08 M�

P18 0.80 M�, 0.15 M� NM

P18 0.76 M�, 0.15 M� NM

P18 0.76 M�, 0.15 M�, 0.2 M�

P18 0.7 M�, 0.15 M�, NM

P18 0.8 M�, 0.08 M�, NM

ZTF 18aaqeasu

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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SN2018byg (ZTF18aaqeasu)0.76 M⦿ WD w/ 0.15 M⦿ Shell

De et al. 2019

no mixing0.18 M⦿ mixing

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

Page 23: Modeling Sub-Chandrasekhar Mass White Dwarf Explosions …

SN2018byg (ZTF18aaqeasu)0.76 M⦿ WD w/ 0.15 M⦿ Shell

De et al. 2019

no mixing0.18 M⦿ mixing

Σ (Xradioactive)

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019

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Future/Preliminary WorkNebular Modeling

2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000

Day 150

1.2 MO• WD 1.1 MO• WD1.0 MO• WD 0.9 MO• WD

0.85 MO• WD 0.8 MO• WD

F λ in

arb

itrar

y un

its

Wavelength [°A]

0.01 M⦿ He Shells

Cooks Branch Workshop 12 March 2019