Modals
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Transcript of Modals
![Page 1: Modals](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070320/558893c3d8b42a782d8b4685/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Modals
PermissionObligation / ProhibitionProbability / Possibility
Suggestion / Advice
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Permission Can / May
Situations:
Ask
Give
Refuse
Ask:
1. Can I come in? (informal)
2. May I come in? (formal)
Give:
1. Of course, you can call me later, no problem.
Refuse:
1. I'm sorry, you can't. I'm too busy right now.
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Ability Can = be able to
Ask:
1. Can you speak English? Or
2. Are you able to speak English?
3. Can you swim?
Replies1. Of course, I can.
2. Of course, I´m able to.
3. Definitely. I am a very good swimmer.
4. No, I can´t.
5. No, I´m not able to speak Englisn.
6. Not really. I´m a lousy swimmer.
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Possibility / ProbabilityCan / Could
May / Might
Should
1. It may rain today. / It might rain today.
2. Look at the sky. It´s turning darker. It can rain today.
3. Thank God, it could have been you.
4. They should visit the Zoo in SPaulo. It´s wonderful.
5. You should not talk this way. People can not understand you.
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Obligation
Must / Have to
1. You have to/must study hard.
2. Does he have to pay for this ticket?
Must he pay for this ticket?
3. They don´t have to go immediately.
4. I must/have to be in time for the class.
5. We must/have to be consistent to our way of thinking.
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Prohibition Must not = Mustn't
1. You mustn't go out dressed like this. Change yourself or you'll stay home.
2. They mustn't step on the grass.
3. The students mustn't come to school without their uniforms.
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SuggestionShould
1. You look pale. You should see a doctor.
2. What do you think I should do?
3. Should the teacher be more rigid?
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Ben ___________ play soccer.
CANCOULDMUSTHAVE TOMAY MIGHTSHOULD
CAN
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Mr. and Mrs. Davies ___________ play volleyball 10 years ago.
CANCOULDMUSTHAVE TOMAY MIGHTSHOULD
COULD
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Mr. White cannot run this marathon because he doesn´t feel
good. What do you think?
CANCOULDMUSTHAVE TOMAY MIGHTSHOULD
I think he ____________ take some pills to feel better.
SHOULD
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Mr. and Mrs. Davies look tired. They ____________ rest now.
CANCOULDMUSTHAVE TOMAY MIGHTSHOULD
MUST
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Mandy has bad grades. She ________ study more.
CANCOULDMUSTHAVE TOMAY MIGHTSHOULD
MUST
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Rick has a test tomorrow. His mother says: “Son, you __________
go to your room to study.”
CANCOULDMUSTHAVE TOMAY MIGHTSHOULD
MUST
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Mr. Benson is a musician. He ________ play the violin.
CANCOULDMUSTHAVE TOMAY MIGHTSHOULD
CAN
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Mr. Benson was a musician in the past. He ________ play the violin.
CANCOULDMUSTHAVE TOMAY MIGHTSHOULD
COULD
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Jane and Mary waits for the bus for a long time. What do you suggest
them to do?
CANCOULDMUSTHAVE TOMAY MIGHTSHOULD
In my opinion, they __________
listen to some music.
SHOULD
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Mr. Johnson´s car is not working. What _________ he do?
Well, he __________________________________
call a mechanic.
CAN
CAN / SHOULD
CANCOULDMUSTHAVE TOMAY MIGHTSHOULD
SHOULD MUST
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Exercises
Rewrite the sentences using the correct modal verb:
a) Is it possible for us to stay at home tonight?_____________________________________________________________
b) I’m afraid I won’t give you permission to buy that._____________________________________________________________
c) I don’t have the ability to sing now, though I did when I was younger._____________________________________________________________
d) I didn’t manage to contact you, no matter how hard I tried._____________________________________________________________
e) If you come to stay it will be possible for us to visit all the sights._____________________________________________________________
Can we / Could we stay at home tonight?
I´m afraid you can´t / couldn´t buy that.
I can´t sing now, though I could when I was younger.
I couldn´t contact you, no matter how hard I tried
If you come to stay, we can visit all the sights.
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ExercisesComplete with must, mustn´t, should / shouldn´t , don´t have to:
1. "Do you want me to wait for you?" "No, it's OK. You _______________________________ wait.
2. Tom gave me a letter to post. I __________________ forget to post it.
3. You _______________ come if you don't want to but I hope you will.
4. "What sort of house do you want to buy? Something big?"
"Well, it _______________ be big - that's not important. But it __________ have a nice garden - that's essential."
5. We have enough food at home so we ____________ go shopping today.
6. This book is very valuable. You __________________ look after it very carefully and you __________ lose it.
DON´T HAVE TOSHOULD NOT
DON´T HAVE TO
DOESN´T HAVE TO
MUST
DON´T HAVE TO
MUST
MUSTN´T