Mobile Processors
Transcript of Mobile Processors
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1Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Mobile ProcessorsNew Devices Need New Technologies
Mobile Convergence ConferenceJuly 9, 2001
Lisbon, Portugal
Marc FleischmannDirector of Software
Crusoe, LongRun and Code Morphingare trademarks of Transmeta Corp.Pentium, Pentium Pro, Pentium II and Pentium IIIare registered trademarks of Intel Corp.
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2Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
OverviewThe Vision
From Desktop Replacements to Wireless PCs
Key Technology Trends in the Internet AgeAmple Wireless BandwidthPower Constraints
Emerging PlatformsMobile Internet Computing in the Future
Mobile MicroprocessorsPlatforms for the Internet AgeThe Crusoe Architecture
Feeding the Fat Pipes to all the Multimedia DevicesThe future of data centers
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3Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
The Vision
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4Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Mobile ConvergenceIt’s all about Flexibility and Freedom
What kind of device do you want to take with you?
Still need to get actual work doneCompatibility with entire existing PC software!
And freedom to choose where…Anywhere with small and lightweight form factors (high integration)!
…whenAnytime with all-day long battery life (ultra-low power)!
…and with whomAnybody via persistent high-speed connections to the Internet!
…Oh, and it needs to be affordable, tooLow cost!
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5Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
All-day Mobile Internet ComputingMobile Convergence: Beyond Desktop Replacements
Casio Cassiopeia Fiva• 990 grams, 21mm thin• Up to 9 hours
with 802.11 card• Dual WindowsMe and
Multimedia quick boot• CNET PC Expo Award
“Honorable Mention”
Fujitsu Biblo Loox T• Integrated PHS
(64 kB/s Cellular)• 3.5lb [1.6kg]• 7 hours (2-3 hours DVD)• CNET PC Expo Award
“Best of Show”
Sony Vaio• Integrated Bluetooth• 2.2lb [1kg]• 5-10 hours
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6Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
The Sony Crusoe laptop with a video camcorder attached to the side.Users can shoot and send video images to the Internet.
The video lens and display rotate 180 degrees.
Sony Web-Broadcasting LaptopMobile Convergence: Is it a PC or a Camera?
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7Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Key Technology Trends
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8Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Transistor LimitsPower Density - The Key Design Challenge
Source: Fred Pollack, Intel. New Microprocessor Challenges in the Coming Generations of CMOS Technologies, MICRO32
1
10
100
1000
1985 1995 2000
i386 i486Pentium®
Pentium Pro®Pentium II®
Pentium III®
W/cm2
SurpassedHot Plate
Not too long to reachNuclear Reactor
Year ofIntroduction
14W30W
35W
35W
1 W
2W
Pentium 4®75W
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9Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Ample BandwidthDramatic Bandwidth Acceleration in the 21st Century
Bandwidth growth is now outpacing Moore's Law bya factor of 10 Cool Bandwidth can substitute hot transistorsNew computing paradigmis based on the runaway expansion of bandwidth,in particular wireless!
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Alohanet
Ethernet
100 MbsEthernet
GbEthernet
Fibre-opticsInfiniBand
8086
80286
80386
i486
Pentium
PProPII
PIII
IS-95A14.4 kB/s (voice)
UMTS95-HDR2.4 Mb/s
3G - CDMA384 kb/s
3G - CDMA153 kb/s
2.5G - IS-95B64 kB/s (packet)
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10Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Home
Hotel
Airport
Wireless LocalAreaNetwork (802.11)
OfficeWireless Personal
Area Network (Bluetooth)
Wireless Wide Area Network
(3G/UMTS)
The New Mobile EnvironmentBluetooth – 802.11 – 3G/UMTS
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11Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Once you have a goodwireless connection
What is the biggest problem?DEAD BATTERIES!
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12Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Cell Phone FeaturesDrive Wireless PCs
Cell Phone Key FeaturesCell Phone Key Features Wireless PC Key FeaturesWireless PC Key Features
Standby time:Goal: 8 days
User time:• Web browsing time• Email time• Multimedia timeGoal: 8 hours
Talk time:Up to 8 hours
Standby time:Phone on: Up to 8 daysPhone off: Up to 17 days
Battery Time Drives Productivity for Wireless PCsBattery Time Drives Productivity for Wireless PCs
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13Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Emerging Platforms
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14Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Where do you want to take your office today?Wearables
ViAViA WearableWearable IBM WearableIBM WearableThe ultra-lightweight PC that’s approximately the size of a TV remote control provides desktop functionality in an innovative clip on design.
Includesbi-directional, free-speech
mobile language translation system.
Courtesy of International Business Machines Corporation.Unauthorized use not permitted.
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15Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Microsoft Tablet PC
Microsoft’s Tablet PC enables any Windows-based application to take advantage of pen-based input.With the software developed by Microsoft, the Tablet PC can function as a sheet of paper.Handwriting is captured as rich digital ink for immediate or later manipulation, including reformatting and editing.The Tablet PC requires x86 compatibility as it needs to run Windows XP.
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16Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
The Wireless PC of the Future
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17Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
The Wireless PC of the FutureAll the Pieces Are Within Reach
1 GHz+ Crusoe “System on a Chip”
256 MB of Memory on only 2 DRAM chips
10 GB disk drive the size of a coin
OLED low power screen with 2048x1600 resolution
Wireless networking chip with both 802.11 and 3G standards
Running the Windows XP platform and applications
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18Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
How About theMobile Microprocessors?
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19Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Crusoe is the Sum of
= Code Morphing Software (CMS) +
VLIW Engine
• “Morphs” PC into VLIW Engine Translates x86 instructions into optimized VLIW molecules
• Learns and improves with time • Evolves to new devices, usage
models and content types
• 128-bit Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW) processor
• Fewer transistors • “Lean and mean”
¾ + ¼
Integration
Efficiency
Compatibility
Flexibility
CrusoeThe Microprocessor of the Internet Age
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20Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Maximize EfficiencyNo Hardware is the Best Low-Power Hardware
Power = Capacitance × Voltage2 × FrequencyPower = Capacitance × Voltage2 × Frequency
Transmeta innovation -Code Morphing SoftwareEffect - replace millions oflogic transistors with software
… and transistors translate into capacitance
Benefit - significantly reduces power consumption (including 256 kB L2 cache)
73 mm2~140 mm2
CrusoePentium III
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21Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Maximize EfficiencyLongRun - Performance on Demand
Dynamically adapt both frequency and voltage to performance demands Mechanisms in hardware
Fully programmablePolicies in CMS
Adapt f to demandReduce v proportionallyCubic power savings!
0
2
4
6
SDR 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2
DDR 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Core+NB 6.0 4.1 2.4 1.7 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.9
Normal 12.5% 25.0% 37.5% 50.0% 62.5% 75.0% 87.5%
133 MHz, 3.3 V133 MHz, 2.5 V667 MHz, 1.6 V
Linear:I/O (DDR, SDRAM)
Cubic:Core + Northbridge
Power[W]
Power = c × v2 × fPower = c × v2 × f
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22Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
The LongRun AdvantageDVD Playback – Performance on Demand
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23Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Crusoe Processor RoadmapIntegration and Efficiency Next Generation
256-bit VLIW
2–3 x performance Production: 2002
Ultra-Integrated“System on Chip”
½ space½ system powerProduction: 2002
TM5500/TM5800128-bit VLIW
CMS 4.2
667 - 1000 MHz256K/512K L2 on TM5500/58000.13µ CMOS processVolume Production: Q3/01
TM5400/TM5600128-bit VLIW
CMS 4.1
500 - 667 MHz256K/512K L2 on TM5400/TM56000.18µ CMOS processProduction: 9/00
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24Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
How are we going to feedThe Fat Pipes to all
The Multimedia Devices?
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25Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
The Economics of Data Centers1 Hall Computing = 4 Halls Power Infrastructure
Huge Internet growth by 2005*20 times more servers95% of the servers don’t even exist yet
Real world doesn’t scale wellData Centers must squeeze as much performance as possible out of their limited resources:
ElectricalPowerCoolingFloor Space
Computer Farm
Power Generators BatteriesUPS’s AC’s*Source: Forrester Research, 1999
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26Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
RLX Technologies recently unveiled their new super dense blade servers using Crusoe
Maximum CPU density: 8x more per rack24 blade servers per 3U box336 blade servers per 42U rack
Reduced Electricity cost8 – 10 times less
Increased performance per rackSmaller footprintInfrastructure leverage: 4x
Up to 30 times more cost efficient content delivery!
RLX TechnologiesCompressing 336 Servers into 1 Rack
Blade 24 Blades in a Box 336 in a Rack
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27Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Summary
Mobile ConvergenceWireless is Rapidly Becoming Pervasive
The PC is EvolvingFrom Desktop Replacement to Mobile Internet ComputerFrom Personal Computer to Permanent Companion
New Design ImperativesSize, Weight and Battery Life
Mobile Microprocessors – CrusoeEnables a Whole New Class of Battery-Powered DevicesThe full PC and Internet experience – Anytime and Anywhere
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28Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
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29Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
Backup
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30Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
BatteryMark 4.0 Test Results*198% Improvement
4:333:24
6:45
Tim
e [h
]
8
6
4
2
0
300 MHzIntel ULV
500 MHzIntel LV
600 MHzCrusoe
*Comparison Done by Independent “e-Testing Labs”
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31Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
0
2
4
1
3
Couldn’t Play.DroppedToo manyFrames.
1:59
4:04
Play
back
Tim
e [h
]DVD Battery Rundown Results*
205% Improvement
300 MHzIntel ULV
500 MHzIntel LV
600 MHzCrusoe
*Comparison Done by Independent “e-Testing Labs”
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32Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
0
6
12
3
9
6:46 6:24
12:04
Play
back
Tim
e [h
]MP3 Battery Rundown Results*
189% Improvement
300 MHzIntel ULV
500 MHzIntel LV
600 MHzCrusoe
*Comparison Done by Independent “e-Testing Labs”
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33Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal
CPUmark99 Performance*
0
25
50
12.5
37.5
29.6*
46.9*
58.5
CPU
Mar
kSc
ore
62.5
39.6*
600 MHzTM5600
*Comparison Done by Independent “e-Testing Labs”
Intel ULV Intel LV 800 MHzTM5800