Anything that won't sell, I don't want to invent. Its sale is proof of utility, and utility is success.

- Thomas A. Edison  

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Hoax or Fact...?

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Over the course of the past decade, numerous electromagnetic field sources have become the focus of health concerns, to name a few…

Radars

Power lines

Security devices

Microwave ovens

Computer and TV screens

Mobile phones & their base stations

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Mobile Radiation

Mobile phones use Electromagnetic Radiation in the Microwave* range, which some believe may be harmful to human health

* Microwave frequency ranges from 300 MHz to 300 GHz

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The International EMF Project In response to public concern, the World Health

Organization established the International EMF Project in 1996 to assess the scientific evidence of possible health effects of EMF in the frequency range from 0 to 300 GHz

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They Concluded

Extensive research has been conducted into possible health effects of exposure to many parts of the frequency spectrum* and found that they do not produce any known adverse health effect

* Frequency range from 0–300 GHz

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Concern As of June 2009, there were more than 4.3 billion

users worldwide

The Electromagnetic Radiation density is higher than ever and increasing

Source: Market data summary (Q2 2009)". GSM association. Retrieved 2010-01-30

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Effects (proposed/under research)

Radiation absorptionPart of the radio waves emitted by a mobile telephone handset are absorbed by the human head

Thermal effectsOne well-understood effect of microwave radiation is dielectric heating

Non-thermal effectsProduction of heat shock proteins in order to defend the cell against

metabolic cell stress caused by heat

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Effects…(2)

Blood-brain barrier effectsStudy on effects of microwave radiation on the rat brain found a

leakage of albumin into the brain via a permeated blood-brain barrier

CancerIn 2006 a large Danish study about the connection between mobile

phone use and cancer incidence published which followed over 420,000 Danish citizens for 20 years and showed no increased risk of cancer

Cognitive effectsIn 2009 a study confirmed longer (slower) response times to a spatial

working memory task when exposed to a standard GSM cellular phone placed next to the head of male subjects

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Effects…(3)

Electromagnetic hypersensitivity

o Burning & tingling sensations in the skin of the head

o Fatigue, sleep disturbances & dizziness

o Loss of mental attention & slow reaction times

o Headaches & disturbances of the digestive system

Genotoxic effectsChanges in reproductive capacity

Sleep effectsSleep quality ( measurement of broken sleep)

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Factors Effecting The Exposure Transmit Power

o GSM handset – 2 watts

o US analogue phone - 3.6 watts

o CDMA-2000 & D-AMPS - below 1 watt

Distance between the Source & subject

Duration of exposure

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Precautionary Measures

Use hands-free to decrease the radiation to the head.

Keep the mobile phone away from the body.

Do not use telephone in a car without an external antenna.

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Conclusion

Over exposure to sun can cause cancer

Exposure to high temperature can burn

Prolonged use of medicine can cause disease/side effects

Same goes with effects of Mobile Radiation

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Verdict

There is no proven research that can concretely

attribute Electromagnetic radiation hazards to the

use of Mobile phones

The precautionary measures can be adopted to keep

a check on exposure levels

'Biological effect' does not equal ‘Health hazard‘*

* http://www.who.int/peh-emf/about/WhatisEMF/en/index1.html

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