Mobile Food Truck Regulation: Developing a Recipe … Food Truck Regulation: Developing a Recipe for...

Mobile Food Truck Regulation: Developing a Recipe for Success

Jacqueline WilmotFire Protection Engineer, NFPA

Safety Code Council Annual ConferenceJune 1-3 2016

Agenda• What is the market today for food trucks?• What is a Mobile Food Truck or Temporary Cooking operation?• What incidents have occurred?• What are the hazards associated with food trucks?• What is happening in the standards world?

Market for Food Trucks

Food Truck Market

nfpa.org 4Source: National Geographic

Food Truck Apps

nfpa.org 5Source: Roaming Hunger, Street Food App

Definition

• Proposed• Mobile or Temporary Cooking. Any cooking facility, apparatus or

equipment, being operated on a one-time or interim basis, or for less than 90 days in the same location, other than at a fixed location, building or structure which has been inspected and permitted under another section of this code, regulation or statute, inclusive of self-propelled trucks and vehicles, trailered units, push carts, equipment located under cover of awnings, canopies or pop-up tents, or other structures for which a building permit has not been issued.

nfpa.org

Mobile Food Trucks

nfpa.org

Source: Maximum/Minimum Food Truck

Source: Westport Flea market

Source: Bloomberg Business Source: California Pizza Kitchen

Source: Double Trouble BBQ

Food Trucks: Inside & Out

Mobile Food Trucks

nfpa.orgSource: The WOKmobile

Interior

Source: eBay

Mobile Food Trucks

Source: www.rollingkitchens.com

General Layout

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Associated HazardsFuel/Power Types for various food types

Hazards

• Multiple Propane Cylinders

• Compressed Gases

• High Voltage Electricity

• Hot Fryer Oil

• Grills

Hazards

• Separation

Recent Incidents

Recent Incidents

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• National Fire Incident Report System (NFIRS)• Reporting standard for Fire Departments• World’s largest, national, annual database of fire incident info• Database comprises 70% of all reported fires that occur annually• Does not specifically code food truck fires/incidents

NFIRS

Restaurant Fire

Vehicle Fire

Frites N’ Meats• April 2011• NYC• Food Truck Accident• 1 worker hospitalized for burns

and bruises

Source: CBS New York

Recent Incidents

Canadian National Exhibition• August 2012• Toronto• Propane leak• No injuries

Source: CBC News Toronto

Recent Incidents

Fresno Christian High School• September 2013• Fresno, CA• Propane leak• 2 hospitalized, 1 injured

Source: CBS47

Recent Incidents

Recent IncidentsFood Truck Fire• May 2014• Milwaukee, WI• Fire• No injuries

nfpa.org

Philly Food Truck Explosion• July 2014• Philadelphia, PA• Cylinder Structure• 13 injured, 2 deaths

Source: Fox News - Philadelphia

Recent Incidents

Canadian National ExhibitionWhen: August 2012Where: TorontoEvent: Propane Tank ExplosionResult: 0 injuries

nfpa.org

Source: NBC - Los Angeles

Recent Incidents

Deep Fat Fryer• August 2014• Venice, CA• Deep Fat Fryer• 0 injured


Recent Incidents

nfpa.org

Source: Company Twitter Page

Colfax Avenue Explosion• September 2014• Denver, CO• Propane leak• 1 employee with facial burns

Driveway Explosion• March 2015• Lakeville, MN• Under investigation• 0 injured

Source: CBS Minnesota

Recent Incidents

nfpa.org

El Tacar Food Truck Fire• May 2015• Indianapolis, IN• Refueling generator while

cooking • 4 injured, 2 critical

Source: WTHR.com

Recent Incidents


August 2015

nfpa.org

Miami Dade• August 27, 2015• Explosion

Source: News Online

Canadian National ExhibitionWhen: August 2012Result: 0 injuries

January 2016

nfpa.org

Everett, WA• January 12, 2016• Sinners and Saints Coffee Co.• Propane leak• Mother of 2 killed

Source: The Huffington Post


April 2012

nfpa.org

Coachella, CA• April 21, 2012• Explosion

Source: Youtube Nikkohl Santa Maria

Recent Incidents

Vehicle Accident

6%

Propane Leak67%

Cylinder Structure

7%

Fire13%

Refueling Generators

while cooking7%

Vehicle Accident Propane Leak

Cylinder Structure Fire

Refueling Generators while cooking

Summary of Recent Incidents

Potential Hazards

Hazards

Hazards: Propane

Hazards

Regulations Affecting Food Trucks

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Health/Planning Department

County and Province Properties

Fire/Police

Business Licenses/ Vendor Permits

54


Health/Planning Department

County and Province Properties

Fire/Police

Business Licenses/ Vendor Permits

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Chicago, IL• 1st jurisdiction in the U.S. to develop fire safety requirements for

food trucks (Oct. 2011)• Vehicles equipped with propane or natural gas systems or

generators must be inspected• All vehicles with a gas, diesel or electric generator, propane or

CNG, type I exhaust hood or fire suppression need a fire safety permit

• Applicants with gasoline, diesel, propane, or natural gas must complete a Fire Safety Class


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Philadelphia, PA• Applicant for mobile vending permit must disclose all

equipment to be installed in the truck

• Provide details for all power sources used to run ovens, fryers, refrigerators and other appliances

• Inspections conducted for events/festivals


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San Antonio, TX• Food truck vendors required to pass a health

inspection and a fire safety inspection on an annual basis

• Fire safety inspection checks– Fire extinguishers– ANSI/UL 300 systems– Grease accumulation– Leaks in the lines of gas systems– Ensure those lines are approved for that use


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Calgary, AB• Owners submit plans to Alberta Health Services

before construction. Plans include:– Layout of all equipment– Plumbing– Design and construction details

• Fire Inspection: exhaust systems, automatic/manual suppression, maintenance

• Ventilation System• Parking at night


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Edmonton, AB• Third Party Certification of Inspections• Gas/Plumbing Requirements• Ventilation Requirements• Electrical Requirements• Fire Requirements


Codes & Standards Development

What is happening in the standards world?

nfpa.org

• Annual 2017 Revision Cycle•1st Draft Meeting in Fall 2015• Created SR • PC Closing Date 5/16/16

Submitted Public Input

• Fall 2016 Revision Cycle• 2nd Draft Meeting April 2016• Created New Annex Chapter• Look for update in August 2016

NFPA 96

NFPA 1, Fire Code

Actions Taken to Close The GapNFPA Codes and Standards Development

NFPA Codes and Standards Development

NFPA 1, The Fire Code

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• Addresses all the bases with extracts and references to more than 130 NFPA documents

• Full range of fire and life safety issues

• Extracts from NFPA 58• General safety requirements• Storage, use and handling of

LP-gas.• Markings on propane cylinders

NFPA 96, Standard for Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial Cooking Operations

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• Preventative and operative fire safety requirements for public and private commercial cooking operations

• Design, installation, operation, inspection, testing, and maintenance of cooking equipment, hoods, grease removal devices, exhaust ducts systems, fans, suppression systems, and clearance to combustibles

• Section 4.1.9

NFPA 58, LP Gas Code

71

• Industry benchmark for safe LP-Gas storage, handling, transportation, and use

• Design, construction, installation, and operation of LP-Gas systems including piping, equipment, containers, venting, and highway transportation of LP-Gas.

• Container regulations, piping, leak checks, installation, venting atmosphere, transportation

NFPA 1192, Standard on RV’s

72

• Establishes fire and life safety criteria

• Requirements for fuel systems and equipment, and plumbing systems

• Addresses interior finish and textile materials, means of egress, fire detection equipment, vehicular requirements

• Construction, location, capacity, securing of propane containers

• Ventilation and leak testing

Public Input• Permits• Portable Fire Extinguishers• Separation• Tents• Communications


• Training• Internal Combustion Power

Supplies• Charcoal/wood burning• LP-Gas

Stay Tuned…

More Information & Best Practices

More Information & Best Practiceswww.nfpa.org/foodtrucksafety

Share your expertise!https://community.nfpa.org/groups/food-truck-safety

www.nfpa.org/foodtrucksafety

Best Practices

More information:

Share your expertise!https://community.nfpa.org/groups/food-truck-safety

Best Practices

Coming Soon…

nfpa.org 80

Questions

81

Thank You

82

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