Mnemonics
Transcript of Mnemonics
Flashcards: Nursing Tips- Mnemonics
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Steps in the Nursing ProcessADPIE (A Delicious PIE)
• A-ssessmentD- iagnosisP-lanningI-mplementationE-valuaton
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Inflammation (HIPER)
• H-eatI-ndurationP-ainE-demaR-edness
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Acid-Base (ROME)
• R-espiratoryO-ppositeM-etabolicE-qual
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CANCER'S Early Warning SignsCAUTION UP
• C-hange in bowel or bladderA- lesion that does not healU-nusual bleeding or dischargeT-hickening or lump in breast or elsewhereI-ndigestion or difficulty swallowingO-bvious changes in wart or moleN-agging cough or persisten hoarsenessU-nexplained weight lossP-ernicious Anemia
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CANCER Interventions
• C-omfortA-ltered Body ImageN-utritionC-hemotherapyE-valuate response to medsR-espite for caretakers
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Hypoglycemia (TIRED)
- an abnormal decrease of blood in the sugar• T-achycardia
I-rritabilityR-estlessE-xcessive HungerD-iaphoresis/ Depression
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Adrenal Gland Hormones (SSS)
• S-ugar (Glucocorticoids)S-alt (Mineralcorticoids)S-ex (Androgens)
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Pulmonary Edema (MAD DOG)
• M-MorphineA-AminophyllineD- Digitalis
D-Diuretics (Lasix)O- OxygenG- ases (Blood Gases ABG's)
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5 P's of Circulatory Checks
• P-PainP-ParesthesiaP-ParalysisP-PulseP-Pallor (Paleness)
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Hypertension Nursing Care (DIURETIC)
• D-aily WeightI- ntake and Output (I & O)U- rine OutputR-esponse of BPE-lectrolytesT-ake PulsesI-schemic Episodes (TIA)C-omplications: 4C's
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4 C's of Hypertension (Complications)
• C- Coronary Artery DiseaseC- Coronary Rheumatic FeverC- Congestive Heart FailureC- Cardio Vascular Accident
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Complications of Trauma Client (TRAUMATIC)
• T-issue Perfusion ProblemsR-espiratory ProblemsA-nxietyU-nstable Clotting FactorsM-alnutritionA-ltered Body ImageT-hromboembolismI-nfectionC-oping Problems
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Cyanotic Defects: 4 T's
• T- Tetralogy of FallotT- Truncus ArteriosusT- Transportation of the Great VesselsT- Tricuspid Atresia
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Cranial Nerve Mnemonic 01
• O-Lympic (Olfactory)O-Pium (Optic)O-Ccupies (Oculomotor)T-ROubled (Trochlear)T-RIathletes (Trigeminal)A-fter (Abducens)F-inishing (Facial)V-Egas (Vestibulocochlear)G-ambling (Glossopharyngeal)V-Acations (Vagus)S-till (Spinal Accessory)H-igh (Hypoglossal)
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Cranial Nerve Mnemonic 02
• O- OhO- OhO- OhT- ToT- TouchA- AndF - FeelAG - irl'sV - aginaS - SoH- Heavenly
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Cranial Nerve Mnemonics 02(Sensory, Motor or Both)
• S- SomeS- SayM - MarryM- MoneyB- ButM- MyB - BrotherS- SaysB- BadB- BusinessM - MarryM - Money
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Nursing Care for Sprains and Strains (RICE)
• R- RestI - IceC - CompressionE- Elevation
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Care of Client in Traction (TRACTION)
• T- Temperature (Extremity, Infection)R - Ropes hang freelyA - AlignmentC - Circulation Check (5 P's)T- Type & Location of fractureI - Increase fluide intakeO - Overhead trapezeN - No weights on bed o
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OB Non-Stress Test (NNN)
• 3 negatives in a row to interpret results of Non-Stress Test
• N - Non-reactiveN - Non- Stress isN - Not good
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Severe Pre-Eclampsia (HELLP)
• H- emolysisE- levatedL- iver function testsL- owP- latelet count
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Assessment Tests for Fetal Well-Being (ALONE)
• A- AmniocentesisL- L/S RatioO - Oxytocin TestN - Non-Stress TestE - Estriol Level
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Evalution of Episiotomy Healing (REEDA)
• R- RednessE- EdemaE - EcchymosisD - Discharge, DrainageA - Approximation
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Evalution of Episiotomy Healing (REEDA)
• R- RednessE- EdemaE - EcchymosisD - Discharge, DrainageA - Approximation
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Tracheal Esophageal Fistula (3 C's)
• C- ChokingC- CoughingC - Cyanosis
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Cleft Lip - Post Op Care (CLEFT LIP)
• C-hokingL-ie on backE-valuate AirwayF-eed SlowlyT-eaching
L-arger nipple openingI-ncidence incerase in malesP-revent crust formation and aspiration
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ADLs (Activity of Daily Living)BATTED
• B-athingA-mbulationT-oiletingT-ransfersE-atingD-ressing
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IADLS (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) SCUM
• S-hoppingC-ooking and CleaningU-sing telephone or transportaitonM-anaging money and medications
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Bleeding Precautions (RANDI)
• R- Razor Electric/ BladesA- AspirinN- No needles (esp. in small gauge)D- Do decrease in needle sticks)I - Injury (Protect from)
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Canes and Walkers (COAL)
• C- CaneO- OppositeA- AffectedL- Leg
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Canes and Walkers (WWAL)Wandering Wilma's Always Late
• W- WalkerW- WithA- AffectedL - Leg
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Common Causes of Transient Incontinence (DIAPPERS)
• D-eliriumI-nfectionA-trophic UrethraP-harmaceuticalsP-sychologicE-xcess Urine OutputR-estricted MobilityS-tool Impaction
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Promotion of Normal Elimination (POOPER SCOOP)
• P-ositionO-utputO-ffer FluidsP-rivacyE-xerciseR-eport Results
S-ize (Amount)C-onsistencyO-ccult BloodO-dorP-eristalsis
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Emergency Trauma Assessment(ABCDEFGHI)
• A-irwayB-reathingC-irculationD-isabilityE-xamineF-ahrenheitG-et VitalsH-ead to Toe AssessmentI-ntervention
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Trauma Surgery (AMPLE)after initial assessment
• A-llergiesM-edicationsP-ast Medical HistoryL-ast MealE-vents Surrounding Injury
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6 P's of Dyspnea
• P- Pulmonary Bronchial ConstrictionP- Possible Foreign BodyP- Pulmonary EmbolusP- PneumothoraxP- Pump FailureP- Pneumonia
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Lidocaine Toxicity (SAMS)
• S-lurred SpeechA-ltered Central Nervous SystemM-uscle TwitchingS-eizures
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TDCI (These Drugs Can Interact)
• T - TheophylineD - DilantinC - CoumadinI - losone (Erythromycin)
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Serious Complications of Oral Birth Control Pills (ACHES)
• A- Abdominal PainC - Chest PainH - HeadacheE - Eye ProblemsS - Severe Leg Pain
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Emergency Drugs to LEAN on
• L- LidocaineE - EpinephrineA- Atropine SulfateN - Narcan
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Drugs for Bradycardia & low BP (IDEA)
• I - IsoproterenolD - DopamineE - EpinephrineA - Atropine Sulfate
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Cholinergic Crisis (SLUD)
• S-alivationL-acrimationU-rinationD-efecation
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Depression Assessment (SIG)
• S-leep DisturbancesI-nterest DecreasedG-uilty Feelings
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Energy Decreased (CAPS)
• C-oncentration decreasedA-ppetiteP-sychomotor function decreasedS-uicidal Ideations
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5 A's to Alzheimer Diagnosis
• A-mnesiaA-nomiaA-praxiaA-gnosiaA-phasia
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Major Symptoms of a Manic Attack (DIG FAST)
• D- DistractibilityI - IndiscretionG - Grandiosity
F- Flight of IdeasA- Activity IncreaseS- Sleep DeficitT - Talkative
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3 P's of Blindness
• P- PreventableP- PainlessP- Permanent
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Symptoms of Leukemia (ANT)
• A- AnemiaN- NeutropeniaT- Thrombocytopenia
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Symptoms of Hypoxia (RAT BED)
• Early Hypoxia:R-estlessnessA-nxietyT-achycardia/ Tachypnea
Late Hypoxia:B-radycardiaE-xtreme RestlessnessD-yspnea
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Symptoms of Hypoxia (in Pediatrics) - FINES
• F-eeding difficultyI-nspiratory StridorN-ares FlaresE-xpiratory GruntingS-ternal Retractions
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Management of ASTHMA
• A-drenergics (Albuterol)S-teroidsT-heophyllineH-ydration (IV)M-ask (Oxygen)A-ntibiotics
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Epiglottitis (AIR RAID)
• A-irway ClosedI-ncreased PulseR-estlessness
R-etractionsA-nxiety IncreasedI-nspiratory StridorD-rooling
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Blood Flow Through the Cardiac Valves (Tissue Paper My Assets)
• T-ricuspidP-ulmonicM-itrialA-ortic
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Treating CHF (UNLOAD FAST)
• U-pright PositionN-itrates (in low dose)L-asixO-xygenA-minophyllineD-igoxin
F-luids (decrease)A-fterload (decrease)S-odium restrictionT-est (Dig level, ABGs, K level)
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DEMENTIA
• Make sure they don't have problems with:
D-rug and alcoholE-yes and earsM-etabolic and endocrine disordersE-motional disordersN-eurologic disordersT-umors and traumaI-nfectionA-rteriovascular disease
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Osteoporosis Risk Factors (ACCESS)
• A-lcohol UseC-orticosteroid UseC-alcium lowE-strogen lowS-mokingS-edentary lifestyle/s
ACCESS leads to OSTEOPOROSIS
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Who needs dialysis? (Check the vowels: AEIOU)
• A- Acid-Base ProblemsE- Electrolyte ProblemsI- IntoxicationsO- Overload of fluidsU - Uremic Symptoms
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Prostate Problems are no... FUN
• F- FrequencyU- UrgencyN- Nocturia
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BRAT Diet (for severe dehydration)
• B- BananaR- RiceA- AppleT- Toasted Bread
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Gluten Free Diet (ROW)
• R- RyeO- OatsW- Wheat
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Assess Changes in Senile Dementia (JAMCO)
• J- JudgmentA- AffectM- MemoryC- CognitionO- Orientation
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3 P's of Diabetes Mellitus - Type 1 Signs & Symptoms
• P- Polyuria (excessive urination)P- Polydypsia (excessive thirst)P- Polyphagia (excessive hunger)
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Right-Sided Heart Failure (HEAD)
• H- HepatomegalyE- Edema (Bipedal)A- AscitesD- Distended Neck Vein
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Left-Sided Heart Failure (CHOP)
• C- CoughH- HemoptysisO- OrthopneaP- Pulmonary Congestion (crackles/ rales)
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Hyperkalemia Management (KIND)
• K- Kayexalate (orally/ enema)I- InsulinN- Na HCO3D- Diuretics (Furosemide & Thiazides)
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Management of Myocardial Infarction (MONATAS)
• M- MorphineO- OxygenN- Nitrates (Nitroglycerin)A- Aspirin (ASA)T- ThormbolyticsA- Anti-CoagulantsS- Stool Softeners
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Electrolytes - PISO
• P- PotassiumI- InsideS- SodiumO- Outside
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Eating Disorder: ANOREXIA
• A-menorrhea delayedN-o organic factors accounts for weight lossO-bviously thin but feels FATR-efusal to maintain normal body weightE-pigastric discomfort is commonX-symptoms (peculiar symptoms)I-ntense fears of gaining weightA-lways thinking of foods
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Eating Disorder: BULIMIA
• B-inge eatingU-nder strict dietingL-acks control over-eatingI-nduced vomitingM-inimum of to binge eating episodesI-ncrease/Persistent concern of body size/shapeA-buse of diuretics & laxatives
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Findings of a Bulimia client: WASHED
• W-eight loss of 15% of original body weightA-menorrheaS-ocial withdrawalH-istory of high activity & achievementE-lectrolyte ImbalanceD-epression/ Distorted Body Image
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Outcome of Alcoholism: BAD
• B- Brain DamageA- Alcoholic HallucinosisD- Death
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5 D's of Behavioral Problems of Alcoholism
• D- DenialD- DependencyD- DemandingD- DestructiveD- Domineering
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Situations requiring Crisis Situation: RAPE
• R- RuthlessA- AbusiveP- PersonalE- Experience
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Warning Signs of a Child Abuse/ Neglect: CHILD ABUSE
• C-hild's excessive knowledge on sex & abusive wordsH-air growth in various lengthsI-nconsistent stories from the child & parent/sL-ow self-esteemD-epression
A-pathy, no emotionB-ruisedU-nusual injuriesS-erious injuriesE-vidence of old injuries not reported
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The HYPERKALEMIA "Machine" - Causes of Increased Serum K+
• M - Medications - ACE inhibitors, NSAIDSA - Acidosis - Metabolic and respiratoryC - Cellular destruction - Burns, traumatic injuryH - Hypoaldosteronism, hemolysisI - Intake - ExcesssiveN - Nephrons, renal failureE - Excretion - Impaired
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MURDER Signs and Symptoms of Increased Serum K+
• M - Muscle weaknessU - Urine, oliguria, anuriaR- Respiratory distressD - Decreased cardiac contractilityE - ECG changesR - Reflexes, hyperreflexia, or areflexia (flaccid)
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HYPERNATREMIA"You Are Fried"
• F - Fever (low grade), flushed skinR - Restless (irritable)I - Increased fluid retention and increased BPE - Edema (peripheral and pitting)D - Decreased urinary output, dry mouth
Can also use this one:SALTS = Skin flushedA = AgitationL = Low-grade feverT = Thirst
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S/S of Hyponatremia
• S tupor/comaA norexia, N&VL ethargyT endon reflexes decreased
L imp muscles (weakness)O rthostatic hypotensionS eizures/headacheS tomach cramping
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"CATS" of "HYPOCALCEMIA"
• C - ConvulsionsA- ArrhythmiasT - TetanyS - Spasms and stridor
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Think BEEP to remember the signs of minor bleeding:
• B: Bleeding gumsE: Ecchymoses (bruises)E: Epistaxis (nosebleed)P: Petechiae (tiny purplish spots)
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To remember the four causes of cell injury, think of how the injury tipped (or TIPD) the scale of
homeostasis:
• T: Toxin or other lethal (cytotoxic) substanceI: InfectionP: Physical insult or injuryD: Deficit, or lack of water, oxygen, or nutrients.
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Use the ABCD rule to assess a mole's malignant potential:
• A: Asymmetry--Is the mole irregular in shape?B: Border--Is the border irregular, notched, or poorly defined?C: Color--Does the color vary (for example, between shades of brown, red, white, blue, or black)?D: Diameter--Is the diameter more than 6 mm
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Side effects of steroids. The 5 S's.
• Sick- easier to get sickSad-causes depressionSex-increases libidoSalt-retains more and causes weight gainSugar-raises blood sugar
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PERRLA
• Pupils Equally Round and Reactive to Light and Accomodation
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Learning the Systems of the Body?MR DICE RUNS
• M= MuscleR= Respiratory
D=DigestiveI= IntegumentaryC= CirculatoryE= Endocrine
R= ReproductiveU= UrinaryN= NervousS= Skeletal
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Assistive devices -- Canes:
• C CaneO OppositeA AffectedL Leg
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Signs of a Cholinergic Crisis, think SLUD:
• S SalivationL LacrimationU UrinationD Defication
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Memory Trick:Need to remember which kind of beta blocker has
which action?
• B1 Blocks the heart (you have only one heart)B2 Blocks the lungs (you have two lungs)
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fetal accelerations and decelerations!!!Just remember VEAL CHOP
• Variable Cord compressionEarly Head compressionAccelerations OKLate Placental insufficiency
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Heart sounds:
• S3= Heart fail-ure (3 syllables)S4=Hy-per-ten-sion (4 syllables)
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effects of Anticholinergics:
• Can't seeCan't peeCan't spitCan't --defecate
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Nine-point Postpartum Assessment...BUBBLEHER
• B- BreastsU- UterusB- BladderB- Bowel functionL- LochiaE- EpisiotomyH- Homan's signE- Emotional StatusR- Respiratory System
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The 5 P's of circulation loss in a limb.
• Pain, • Pallor,• Pulselessness, • Parasthesia, • Poikilothermia
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side effects & adverse reactions to immunizations:
• F- FeverI- ItchingS- StiffnessH- HeadacheE- EdemaR- RednessF- FussyL- Localized TendernessA- Appetite decreaseG- General Aches Pains
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Remember that here in the USA you D drive on the right side of the road.
O= opticalA= auditory
• AD - right earAS - left earAU - both ears
OD - right eyeOS - left eyeOU - both eyes
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Mneumonic device for remembering questions to ask emergency room admits:• Car? (circumstances of event)
Please (precipitating events)Listen (location of event)To This: (Time of event)Watch (when symptoms appeared)Underage (unconsciousness after injury?)Alcoholics (arrival time in ER)Heading (hospital admits previously?)Home (previous history/health status)And (allergies)Maybe (medications)Flattening (fears for safety)My (meal, time of last)Poodle (period, time of last menstrual)Dog (primary doctor, name and location of)Tonight (tetanus, date of last immunization) Arianne R. Reyes, BSN, RN
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Everyone knows to make the ABCD (airway breathing circulation and neurologic
disability) assessment first.• Then as soon as possible, further
assessment/intervention is done, which includes:• His (health history)
Head (head to toe assessment)Is (insert monitoring devices -- caths, ECG, arterial lines)So (splints for fractures)Wide (wound care)Olivia (other interventions)
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Parkinson's Medications: "Ali Loves Boxing Matches"
• A-AmantadineL- LevodopaB- BromocriptineM-MAO inhibitors
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The 4 H's that invalidate a neuro exam:
• HypotensionHpoxiaHypoglycemiaHypothermia*
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Pinpoint pupils: Drugs, drops & nearly dead
• Drugs: opiatesDrops: meds for glaucomaNearly dead: damage in the pons area of the brainstem
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Dilated pupils: Fear, Fits & Fast Living
• Fear: panic, extreme anxietyFits: seizuresFast Living: cocaine, crack, phencyclidine (PCP)
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The pathophysiology of ARDS:
• Assault on the respiratory systemRespiratory distressDecreased lung complianceSevere respiratory failure
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Diagnostic criteria of ARDS
• Acute onsetRatio (PaCO2/FiO2) <200Diffuse infiltrationSwan-Ganz wedge pressure (PAWP) <18mm Hg
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Complications of thrombolytic therapy: The 3 B‘s
• BleedingBrady's (dysrhythmias)Bloodclots (d/t excessive thrombin)
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Complications of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB): The 3 H‘s
• Hypothermia (to decrease O2 consumption)...Effects SVR (vasoconstriction) and causes myocardial depression (decreases contractility)Hemodilution (to improve macrocirculation)...fluid shifting (third-spacing), e-lyte imbalances (K+, Mg+ & Ca++ often need replacing!)Heparinzation (to prevent clots in circuit)...monitor aPTT.
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Signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade (Beck's Triad): The Three D‘s
• Distant heart soundsDistended jugular veinsDecreased pulse pressure (think of a narrow pulse pressure as opposed to a wide one)
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Atrial Arrhythmias: ABCDE
• Adenosine/amiodorone or anticoagulate (if Afib/Flutter has been present >48h)Beta blockersCalcium channel blockersDigoxinElectrocardiovert (if <48h)
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For ventricular arrhythmias: AL
• AmiodoroneLidocaine
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NSAID Drugs
• N - NaproxenS - SalicylatesA - AdvilI - IbuprofenD - DiclofenacS - Sulinclac
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8 A's for Hepatotoxic Drugs (Check SGPT/SGOT)
• AntituberculosisAnticonvulsantS - sodium LuminalG - gabapentinP - phenytoinT - tegretolAnticancerAspirinAlcoholAntifamily (contraceptice pills)AcetaminophenAflatoxins
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Alkalosis and Acidosis
• Alkalosis - has a 'k' - Kicking the pH upAcidosis - has a 'd' - Dropping the pH down
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Solutions: Isotonic, Hypotonic, Hypertonic
• Isotonic - "Same as I" - the solution used will be the same as normal body fluid composition. Fluids remain inside intravascular space.
Hypotonic - "Hypo, hippo" - the solution pulls fluid from the intravascular space into the ICF - the cell "swells like a hippo".
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For remembering the coronary arteries and which side they are on:
• I have a RIGHT to CAMP if you LEFT off the AC• Right = Right
C=oronaryA=ArteryM=Marginal ArteryP=Posterior Interventricular Artery
Left=LeftA=Anterior Interventricular ArteryC=Circumflex Artery
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