mn mutcd 2013 INDEX master · Advance speed hump markings ..... 3B-46, 3B-48, 3B-49 Advance Street...

Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) ..... 1A-13FHWA Office of Transportation Operations ..... iiFHWA Report Center ..... iigovernment Printing Office ..... iiIlluminating Engineering Society ..... iiInstitute of Makers of Explosives ..... iiInstitute of Transportation Engineers ..... iiMn/DOTMap and Manual Sales Unit ..... i, iiOffice of Traffic, Security, and Operations ..... iiNational Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances

..... iiState Traffic Standards Engineer ..... 1A-5Transportation Research Board ..... ii

Adjacent to roadway object markers ..... 2C-36ADTdefined ..... 1A-15

Adult crossing guardsschool crossing supervision ..... 7D-1

Advance Crossing Assembly ..... 7B-5AHEAD plaque with ..... 7B-5

Advance Guide signsamount of legend ..... 2E-3at interchanges ..... 2E-32, 2E-37letter size ..... 2E-6, 2E-8, 2E-9, 2E-10, 2E-11Next Exit supplemental sign ..... 2E-38placement ..... 2E-37

Advance Intersection Lane Control Signs ..... 2B-22Advance Preemptiondefined ..... 1A-14

Advance Preemption Timedefined ..... 1A-14

Advance ramp control sign ..... 2C-23Advance Route Turn Assembly ..... 2D-18Advance signsspecific service ..... 2K-3, 2K-4for temporary traffic control signals ..... 4D-46tourist-oriented directional signs ..... 2K-2, 2K-3, 2K-4

Advance speed hump markings ..... 3B-46, 3B-48, 3B-49Advance Street Name plaques ..... 2C-32Advance Street Name signs ..... 2D-28Advance Traffic Control signs ..... 2C-23Advance Turn Arrow Auxiliary signs ..... 2D-11Advance Turn Arrow signs (M5 series) ..... 9B-16Advance warning areasfor temporary traffic control zones ..... 6C-2

Advance warning flasher ..... 4O-1Advance warning signspositioning for temporary traffic control ..... 2C-1, 6F-12school areas ..... 7B-3, 7B-6

AA Guide for Reducing Collisions Involving Pedestrians ..... 1A-13AADT. see Average Annual Daily Traffic ..... 1A-14defined ..... 1A-14

AASHO. See American Association of State and HighwayOfficials

AASHTO ..... 4D-47Roadside Design Guide ..... 4D-47sign Guide" (see Section 1A.11) and to the "Americans with

Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines for Buildingsand Facilities ..... 4D-47

"AASHTO Guide for Development of Bicycle Facilities" ..... 9A-1

AASHTO. See American Association of State Highway andTransportation Officials

Abbreviationsacceptable ..... 1A-28on freeway and expressway guide signs ..... 2E-12on traffic control devices ..... 1A-26 to 1A-30unacceptable ..... 1A-30used with a prompt word ..... 1A-29on word message signs ..... 2A-10

Accessibility"The Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines

for Buildings and Facilities (ADAAG)" ..... 1A-13temporary traffic control considerations ..... 6D-3

Accessible Pedestrian Signaldefined ..... 1A-14detectors ..... 4E-7flashing operation of ..... 4D-44preemption ..... 4D-41

Accessible Pedestrian Signal Detectordefined ..... 1A-14

"Accessible Pedestrian Signals-A Guide to Best Practices(NCHRP Web-Only Document 117A)" ..... 1A-13

Acknowledgment signs ..... 2H-8Active Grade Crossing Warning Systemsdefined ..... 1A-14

Activity areasfor temporary traffic control zones ..... 6C-4

Actuated Operationdefined ..... 1A-14

Actuationdefined ..... 1A-14

Acute angle intersectionssign location ..... 2A-15

ADA. See Americans with Disabilities ActAdded Lane signs ..... 2C-25AddressesAmerican Association of State Highway and ..... iiAmerican Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way

Association ..... ii

Index - 1

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 2

Advertisementsauthority for placement ..... 1A-3restriction concerning traffic control devices ..... 1A-1

Advisory exit/ramp speed sign ..... 2C-13Advisory Speeddefined ..... 1A-14Grade Crossing Advance Warning ..... 5F-1plaques ..... 2C-6, 5C-3

Advisory Speed plaques ..... 5C-3, 6F-23AHEAD plaque (W`16-9P) ..... 7B-5ALL AMERICAN ROAD signs ..... 2D-45All Terrain Trail sign ..... 2M-2ALL word message ..... 2B-22ALL YEAR plaque (S4-7P) ..... 7B-3Alleydefined ..... 1A-14

Alphabets. See also Letters"Standard Highway Signs and Markings", FHWA ..... 2A-2"Standard Signs Manual", Mn/DOT ..... 2A-2

Altered Speed Zonedefined ..... 1A-14

ALTERNATE Auxiliary Signs ..... 2D-10Alternative Fuel Compressed Natural Gas sign ..... 2I-3Alternative Fuel Ethanol sign ..... 2I-3Alternative Routesauxiliary signs for ..... 2D-10

Ambulance Station plaque ..... 2I-3American Association of State and Highway Officials"The AASHTO Guidelines for the Selection of Supplemental

Guide Signs for Traffic Generators Adjacent toFreeways" ..... 2E-39

“Guidelines for the Selection of Supplemental Guide Signs forTraffic Generators Adjacent to Freeways" ..... 2E-39

American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials

"AASHTO Guide for Planning, Design, and Operation ofBicycle Facilities" ..... 9A-1

"The AASHTO Guidelines for the Selection of SupplementalGuide Signs for Traffic Generators Adjacent toFreeways" ..... 2E-39

address ..... ii"Establishment and Development of United States Numbered

Highways" ..... 2D-6"Establishment of a Marking System of the Routes Comprising

the National System of Interstate and DefenseHighways" ..... 2D-6

"Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities" ..... 1A-12"Guide for the Planning, Design, and Operation of Pedestrian

Facilities" ..... 1A-12"Guide to Metric Conversion" ..... 1A-12

"Guidelines for the Selection of Supplemental Guide Signs forTraffic Generators Adjacent to Freeways" ..... 1A-12

manual for rural highways ..... iiinumbered highway systems ..... 2D-6"A Policy on Geometric Design of Highway and Streets" .....

1A-12"A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets" .....

6C-8"Roadside Design Guide" ..... 1A-12, 6F-48, 6F-49, 6F-52"Standard Specifications for Movable Highway Bridges" .....

1A-12"Traffic Engineering Metric Conversion Folders- Addendum to

the Guide to Metric Conversion" ..... 1A-12American Association of State Highway and transportation

Officials (AASHTO) ..... 2A-19"Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs,

Luminaires, and Traffic Signals" ..... 2A-19American Automobile Association"Policies and Practices for School Safety Patrols" ..... 7D-1

American Automobile Association- AAA ..... 1A-12"AAA School Safety Patrol Operations Manual," ..... 1A-12

"American National Standard for High-Visibility Public SafetyVests" ..... 1A-12

"American National Standard for High-Visibility Safety Apparel"..... 1A-12

American Railway Engineering & Maintenance-of-WayAssociation (AREMA)

address ..... iiAmerican Railway Engineering & Maintenance-of-Way

Association (AREMA) ..... 1A-12"2009 AREMA Communications & Signals Manual" .......

1A-12"Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines for

Buildings and Facilities (ADAAG) ..... 4D-47"The Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines for

Building and Facilities (ADAAG)" ..... 6A-1, 6F-7"The Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines for

Buildings and Facilities (ADAAG)" ..... 1A-13America's Missing: Broadcast Emergency Response (AMBER

alert) ..... 2L-1Amphitheater sign ..... 2M-2Announcementsauthority for placement ..... 1A-3

ANSI. See American National Standards InstituteApproach markingsfor obstructions ..... 3B-26, 3B-28, 3B-29

Approach roadwaysfor freeways and expressways ..... 2E-57

Approachesdefined ..... 1A-14

Archery sign ..... 2M-2

December, 2011

Auto Tour Route signs ..... 2H-7Automatic gatesfor highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8C-1, 8C-2, 8C-4

Automatic Lanedefined ..... 1A-14

Auxiliary signsAdvance Turn Arrow ..... 2D-11ALTERNATE ..... 2D-10for alternative routes ..... 2D-10BUSINESS ..... 2D-10BY-PASS ..... 2D-10Cardinal Direction ..... 2D-9, 2D-20, 2D-21Combination Junction ..... 2D-9design of ..... 2D-8Directional Arrow ..... 2D-12END ..... 2D-11Junction ..... 2D-9lane designation ..... 2D-12TEMPORARY ..... 2D-11temporary detour ..... 2D-11TO ..... 2D-10TRUCK ..... 2D-10

Average Annual Daily Trafficdefined ..... 1A-14

Average Daily Trafficdefined ..... 1A-15

Average Daydefined ..... 1A-15

Average Speeddefined ..... 1A-24

AXLE WEIGHT LIMIT signs ..... 2B-55

BBaby Changing Station sign ..... 2M-2Barricades. See also Markings ..... 5C-4direction indicator ..... 6F-38longitudinal channelizing ..... 6F-39low-volume road ..... 5C-4for temporary traffic control ..... 6F-37, 6F-47type I, II, or III ..... 6F-37

Barrierstemporary ..... 6F-47

Barrier-Separated Lanedefined ..... 1A-15

Barrier-separated preferential lanesnon-reversible ..... 3D-2reversible ..... 3D-2

Baseball sign ..... 2M-2BE PREPARED TO STOP signs ..... 2C-23, 6F-22Beach sign ..... 2M-2

AREA CLOSED Sign ..... 2N-2AREMA. See American Railway Engineering & Maintenance-of-

Way Association Arrow boardsalternating diamond caution in ..... 6F-30color of ..... 6F-30dimming of ..... 6F-30elements of ..... 6F-30flashing arrow in ..... 6F-30flashing caution in ..... 6F-30flashing double arrow in ..... 6F-30legibility distance of ..... 6F-28modes of ..... 6F-30sequential arrow in ..... 6F-30sequential chevron in ..... 6F-30size of ..... 6F-28temporary traffic control of ..... 6F-28

Arrow Markings ..... 7C-1school areas ..... 7C-1

Arrows ..... 1A-16Advance Turn Arrow Auxiliary signs ..... 2D-11on conventional road guide signs ..... 2D-5Detour Arrow ..... 6F-25Directional Arrow Auxiliary signs ..... 2D-12Double Arrow signs ..... 2C-18DOWNWARD GREEN ARROW signal s ..... 4M-1Dual-Arrow Signal Section ..... 1A-16EVACUATION ROUTE signs ..... 2N-2GREEN ARROW signal ..... 4D-5 to 4D-46for interchange guide signs ..... 2E-13lane reduction markings ..... 3B-44lane use markings ..... 3B-44Large Arrow signs ..... 2C-12One-Direction Large Arrow signs ..... 2C-12one-way left turn ..... 4M-1 to 4M-3panels ..... 6F-28parking restriction zones ..... 2B-47pavement markings ..... 3B-38, 3B-40, 3B-43RED ARROW signals ..... 4D-3, 4D-5 to 4D-46standing restriction zones ..... 2B-48stopping restriction zones ..... 2B-48supplemental plaques ..... 2C-32Two-Direction Large Arrow signs ..... 2C-27two-way left turn ..... 4M-1 to 4M-3wrong way markings ..... 3B-44wrong-way ..... 1A-26YELLOW ARROW signal ..... 4D-3, 4D-5

Arterial Highways or Streetsdefined ..... 1A-14

Assemblies. See Sign AssembliesATSSA. See American Traffic Safety Services AssociationAttended Lanedefined ..... 1A-14

Attraction signs ..... 2J-1ATTRACTION logo panel ..... 2J-1

Index - 3

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 4

Beacon ..... 4G-1emergency vehicle hybrid ..... 4G-1hybrid ..... 4G-1pedestrian hybrid ..... 4F-1toll plaza warning ..... 4K-1

Beaconsdefined ..... 1A-15emergency vehicle hybrid ..... 1A-17flashing ..... 2B-25hybrid ..... 1A-18intersection control ..... 1A-18pedestrian hybrid ..... 1A-21for reversible lane control ..... 2B-25use with BE PREPARED TO STOP signs ..... 2C-23

Bear Viewing Area sign ..... 2M-2Begin Auxiliary sign ..... 2D-11BEGIN HIGHER FINES sign (R2-10)school ..... 7B-5

BEGIN HIGHER FINES ZONE sign (R2-10) ..... 6F-10BEGIN plaque ..... 2B-23BEGIN RIGHT TURN LANE YIELD TO BIKES sign ..... 9B-5Bicyclesignal operations for ..... 9D-1

Bicycle Crossing Warning signs ..... 9B-9Bicycle Detector Symbol ..... 9C-5Bicycle Facilities ..... 1A-15defined ..... 1A-15guide for development of ..... 9A-1"Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities" ..... 1A-12No Bicycles signs ..... 2B-34pavement markings for paths ..... 3B-41SHARE THE ROAD plaques ..... 2C-33shared-use paths ..... 1A-23traffic control for ..... 9A-1warning color code ..... 1A-13

Bicycle Guide signs ..... 9B-10Bicycle lanebike symbol markings for ..... 9C-1markings for ..... 9C-1not provided on roundabout ..... 9C-4pavement markings for ..... 9C-1preferential lane markings for ..... 3D-1word legend markings for ..... 9C-3

Bicycle Lanesdefined ..... 1A-15

Bicycles May Use Full Lane sign (R4-11) ..... 9B-5Bicycle Parking Area signs ..... 9B-16Bicycle path. See also Shared-use pathsBicycle Prohibition signs ..... 9B-6Bicycle Regulatory signs ..... 9B-6Bicycle Route Auxiliary plaques ..... 9B-15

Bicycle Route Guide signs ..... 9B-10, 9B-12Bicycle Route markers ..... 9B-15Bicycle Route sign (M1-8) ..... 9B-15Bicycle Signal Actuation signs ..... 9B-7Bicycle Surface Condition Warning signs ..... 9B-9Bicycle Traffic Control ..... 9A-1colors for ..... 9A-1documents related to ..... 9A-1government design guidelines related to ..... 9A-1guidance in manual for ..... 9A-1maintenance for ..... 9A-1markings for ..... 9C-1options in manual for ..... 9A-1placement authority for ..... 9A-1requirements for ..... 9A-1scope ..... 9A-1signals for ..... 9D-1signs for ..... 9B-1standard in manual for ..... 9A-1support in manual for ..... 9A-1"The Uniform Vehicle Code and Model Traffic Ordinance" .....

9A-1Bicycle Traffic Control markingsbicycle detector symbol ..... 9C-5bicycle lane ..... 9C-1bicycle lane pavement markings ..... 9C-1color with ..... 9C-1functions of ..... 9C-1pavement marking for obstructions ..... 9C-5principles of ..... 9C-1retroreflection with ..... 9C-1shared lane marking ..... 9C-5shared-use path patterns/colors with ..... 9C-1

Bicycle Traffic Control signsadvance turn arrow signs ..... 9B-15alternate route signs ..... 9B-15application ..... 9B-1BEGIN RIGHT TURN LANE YIELD TO BIKES signs .....

9B-5bicycle lane signs ..... 9B-4bicycle parking area sign ..... 9B-16bicycle route sign auxiliary plaques ..... 9B-15bicycle route signs ..... 9B-12bicycle signal actuation signs ..... 9B-7bicycle surface condition warning sign ..... 9B-9bicycle warning sign ..... 9B-9bicycle WRONG WAY signs ..... 9B-5bicycle/pedestrian sign ..... 9B-9bicycles may use full lane sign ..... 9B-5bike lane plaques ..... 9B-4bike lane signs ..... 9B-4BUMP sign ..... 9B-9cardinal direction signs ..... 9B-15curve warning sign ..... 9B-8definitions of terms ..... 9A-1design of ..... 9B-1

December, 2011

meaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13Boat Motor sign ..... 2M-2Boat Ramp sign ..... 2M-2Bordersfor freeway and expressway guide signs ..... 2E-12for signs ..... 2A-11

Boundary signsletter size ..... 2E-11

BRIDGE CLOSED - LOCAL TRAFFIC ONLY signs ..... 2B-1,2B-54

BRIDGE CLOSED signs ..... 2B-54BRIDGE ICES BEFORE ROAD Sign ..... 2C-21BRIDGE SPEED LIMIT ..... 2B-16BridgesBridge Closed signs ..... 2B-54BRIDGE OUT word message ..... 2B-54BRIDGE SPEED LIMIT signs ..... 2B-16movable ..... 1A-12, 4J-1NARROW BRIDGE signs ..... 2C-17, 5C-2ONE LANE BRIDGE signs ..... 2C-17, 5C-2resistance gates ..... 4J-2signs ..... 2C-27traffic control signals for one-lane, two-way facilities ..... 4H-1TRUCKS MUST NOT MEET ON BRIDGE sign s ..... 2B-56VEHICLES MUST NOT MEET ON BRIDGE sign s ..... 2B-

56warning gates ..... 4J-2weight, width and height restriction signs ..... 2B-56

Broken linesdimensions ..... 3A-2lane line markings ..... 3B-14raised pavement markers used to substitute for ..... 3B-31

Brownmeaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13

Buffer ..... 1A-15defined ..... 1A-15

Buffer spacestapers with ..... 6C-5for temporary traffic control zones ..... 6C-4

Buffer-separated preferential lanesleft-hand side ..... 3D-2right-hand side ..... 3D-2

BUMP AHEAD signs ..... 2C-20BUMP signs ..... 2C-19, 6F-22, 9B-9BUMPS signs ..... 2C-20Bus Stop sign ..... 2M-2BUS STOP signsparking prohibition ..... 2B-47

BUSINESS Auxiliary Sign ..... 2D-10BY-PASS auxiliary sign ..... 2D-10

DIP sign ..... 9B-9directional arrow signs ..... 9B-16guide signs ..... 9B-10Hill sign ..... 9B-10intersection warning sign ..... 9B-8Interstate Bicycle Route signs ..... 9B-15junction sign ..... 9B-15mode-specific guide signs for shared use paths ..... 9B-17no bicycles sign ..... 9B-6NO MOTOR VEHICLES signs ..... 9B-5no parking bicycle lane sign ..... 9B-6object marker ..... 9B-18path narrows sign ..... 9B-10pavement ends sign ..... 9B-9placement of ..... 9A-1placement of signs ..... 9B-1reference location signs ..... 9B-16regulatory signs ..... 9B-6RIDE WITH TRAFFIC plaque ..... 9B-5route signs ..... 9B-15SHARE THE ROAD plaque ..... 9B-10shared-use path sign ..... 9B-7signs ..... 9B-1size of ..... 9B-1STOP signs ..... 9B-4turn or curve warning sign ..... 9B-8U.S. bicycle route sign ..... 9B-15warning signs ..... 9B-9, 9B-10YIELD signs ..... 9B-4

Bicycle Warning sign (W11-1) ..... 9B-9Bicycle Warning signs ..... 1A-13color code ..... 1A-13

Bicycle Wrong Way sign (R5-1b) ..... 9B-5Bicycle/Pedestrian sign ..... 9B-9Bicyclesdefined ..... 1A-15

Bike Lane plaque (R3-17aP) ..... 9B-4Bike Lane sign (R3-17) ..... 9B-4Bike lanesNo Bicyclers signs ..... 9B-6No Equestrians signs ..... 9B-6No Pedestrians signs ..... 9B-6No Skaters signs ..... 9B-6pavement markings for ..... 9C-1, 9C-7, 9C-8, 9C-9, 9C-10plaques ..... 9B-4signs for ..... 9B-4

Bikewaydefined ..... 1A-15markings ..... 9C-1

Blackmeaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13

BLASTING ZONE AHEAD signs ..... 6F-18Blasting zonessigns for ..... 6F-18

Blue

Index - 5

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 6

CCampfires sign ..... 2M-2Camping sign ..... 2I-3Camping signs ..... 2I-4, 2I-7CAMPING logo panel ..... 2J-1

Canoeing sign ..... 2M-2Cans or Bottles sign ..... 2M-2Cantilevered Signal Structuredefined ..... 1A-15

Cardinal directionabbreviation of ..... 2E-12

Cardinal Direction Auxiliary signs ..... 2D-9, 2D-21Carpool Information signs ..... 2I-13Carpool symbolon PARK & RIDE signs ..... 2D-37

CENTER LANE CLOSED AHEAD signs ..... 6F-14Center Line Markingsdefined ..... 1A-15for shared-use paths ..... 9C-3legislative requirements for stripes ..... A1-2for low-volume roads ..... 5E-1use of ..... 3B-1

Central valuesfor colors ..... 1A-13

Chain-Up Area signs ..... 2I-11Chair Lift/Ski Lift sign ..... 2M-2Change intervalsyellow ..... 4D-39

Change, Request for ..... 1A-8"Changeable Message Sign Operation and Messaging Handbook

(FHWA-OP-03-070)" ..... 1A-12Changeable Message Signs. See also Word message signs .....

2L-1Amber alert with ..... 2L-1applications of ..... 2L-1color requirements ..... 2E-2colors used with ..... 2L-3defined ..... 1A-15description of ..... 2L-1design characteristics ..... 2L-2installation of permanent ..... 2L-5legibility of ..... 2L-2letter size ..... 2E-11message length with ..... 2L-3Portable ..... 6F-25for temporary traffic control ..... 6F-25units of information ..... 2L-3visibility of ..... 2L-2

Changeable message signs. See also Word message signsfor turn prohibition during certain time periods ..... 2B-19

Channel 9 Monitored signs ..... 2I-13Channelized intersectionssign location ..... 2A-15

Channelizing devices. See also Markingsbarricades for ..... 6F-37cones for ..... 6F-34designs of ..... 6F-31directional indicator barricade for ..... 6F-38drums for ..... 6F-36island with ..... 3I-1longitudinal ..... 6F-39retroreflection with ..... 3H-1surface-mounted delineators for ..... 6F-35temporary lane separators for ..... 6F-39temporary traffic barriers for ..... 6F-38for temporary traffic control ..... 5G-2temporary traffic control with ..... 6F-31temporary traffic control zones with ..... 5G-1tubular markers for ..... 6F-35use of ..... 3H-1vertical panels for ..... 6F-36warning lights with ..... 6F-31weighted channelizers for ..... 6F-36

Channelizing Line Markingsdefined ..... 1A-15for exit ramps ..... 3B-10, 3B-11, 3B-22white ..... 3B-22 to 3B-23, 3B-28, 3B-29

CHEMICAL SHELTER signs ..... 2N-5Chevron markings ..... 3B-22CIRCULAR GREEN signals ..... 4D-2, 4D-5Circular intersection warning sign ..... 2C-27, 5C-1Circular Intersectionsdefined ..... 1A-15

CIRCULAR RED signals ..... 4D-3, 4D-4meaning of ..... 4D-3

CIRCULAR YELLOW signals ..... 4D-2, 4D-4meaning of ..... 4D-3

Circulatory Roadway. See also Roundaboutsbicycle lane not provided on ..... 9C-4defined ..... 1A-15

Circumferential routesinterchange exit numbering ..... 2E-33

Clear Storage Distance ..... 1A-15defined ..... 1A-15

Clear Zonesdefined ..... 1A-15, 2A-13

Clearance intervalsred clearance ..... 4D-39

Clearance timesClearancesLow Clearance signs ..... 2C-19Low Ground Clearance Highway- Rail Grade Crossing signs

..... 8B-15

December, 2011

COMMERCIAL VEHICLES EXCLUDED signs ..... 2B-34Community Interchanges Identification signs ..... 2E-45Community Wayfinding signs ..... 2D-37color coding with ..... 2D-41enhancement markers with ..... 2D-39expressway/freeway ..... 2D-40lettering with ..... 2D-42pictograph used with ..... 2D-43

Concurrent Flow Preferential Lanesdefined ..... 1A-15

Conditional Use, Request for ..... 1A-10Cones, trafficretroreflectivity of ..... 6F-34for temporary traffic control ..... 6F-34

Confirming assembly ..... 2D-20Conflict Monitordefined ..... 1A-16

Congressional legislation ..... A1-1Connecting roadwaysfor freeways and expressways ..... 2E-57

Constant Warning Time Detectiondefined ..... 1A-16

Contiguous Lanedefined ..... 1A-16

Contiguous preferential lanesleft-hand side ..... 3D-2right-hand side ..... 3D-7

Contractorsplacement of temporary traffic control devices ..... 1A-3

Control citieson destination legends ..... 2E-5on Distance signs ..... 2D-26

Controller Assemblydefined ..... 1A-16

Controller Unitdefined ..... 1A-16

Conventional road ..... 2M-5recreational and cultural interest area signs for ..... 2M-5

Conventional road guide signs ..... 2D-1advance route turn assembly ..... 2D-18advance street name sign ..... 2D-28alternate auxiliary signs ..... 2D-10amount of legend with ..... 2D-5application ..... 2D-1arrows for use on ..... 2D-5auxiliary signs ..... 2D-7cardinal direction auxiliary signs ..... 2D-9climbing lane ..... 2D-43color with ..... 2D-1combination junction sign ..... 2D-9combination lane-use/destination overhead guide sign ... 2D-19community wayfinding ..... 2D-37

Climbing sign ..... 2M-2Closely-spaced interchanges ..... 2E-44, 2E-53Closure Notice sign ..... 6F-24Cloverleaf interchangeswith collector-distributor roadways ..... 2E-49, 2E-51diagrammatic signs ..... 2E-23full ..... 2E-50guide sign application ..... 2E-49partial ..... 2E-49, 2E-52

Collector Highwaydefined ..... 1A-15

Collector-Distributor Roadwayscloverleaf interchange with ..... 2E-49, 2E-51

Colorbicycle traffic control ..... 9A-1bicycle traffic control markings ..... 9C-1changeable message signs ..... 2L-3color codes ..... 9A-1community wayfinding sign ..... 2D-37pavement markings on shared-use paths ..... 9C-1, 9C-2, 9C-3street name signs ..... 2D-27toll road sign background ..... 2F-2

"Color Specifications for Retroreflective Sign and PavementMArking Materials" ..... 1A-12

Colored pavements ..... 3G-1Colors. See also Designarrow board ..... 6F-28central values ..... 1A-13for channelizing devices ..... 3H-1color codes ..... 1A-13“Color Specifications for Retroreflective Sign and Pavement

Marking Materials” ..... 1A-12cones ..... 6F-34for conventional road guide signs ..... 2D-1of delineators ..... 3F-1for freeway and expressway guide signs ..... 2E-2lane-use control signal faces ..... 4M-2of longitudinal pavement markings ..... 3A-1for marking islands ..... 3I-1for markings ..... 3A-1portable changeable message sign ..... 6F-26raised pavement markers ..... 3B-30rumble strips ..... 6F-52for school warning signs ..... 7B-1for signs ..... 2A-5, 2A-9signs for temporary traffic control ..... 6F-1tolerance limits ..... 1A-13

Combination Horizontal Alignment/advisory exit/ramp speedsign ..... 2C-14

Combination Horizontal Alignment/advisory speed sign ..... 2C-11Combination Horizontal Alignment/Intersection signs ..... 2C-12Combination Junction signs ..... 2D-9Combination Lane-Use/Destination Overhead Guide Sign .....

2D-19

Index - 7

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 8

confirming/reassurance assembly ..... 2D-20crossover ..... 2D-44destination and distance signs ..... 2D-21directional assembly ..... 2D-19freeway entrance ..... 2D-36illumination of ..... 2D-1junction assembly ..... 2D-13junction auxiliary sign ..... 2D-9lettering style with ..... 2D-3named highways ..... 2D-44national scenic byway ..... 2D-45numbering system for ..... 2D-6PARK - RIDE ..... 2D-36parking area guide ..... 2D-36passing lane ..... 2D-43retroreflection of ..... 2D-1route sign design ..... 2D-7route signs ..... 2D-7, 2D-12scope of ..... 2D-6size of ..... 2D-1size of lettering ..... 2D-4slow vehicle turn out ..... 2D-43street name signs ..... 2D-27trailblazer assembly ..... 2D-21truck lane ..... 2D-43weigh station ..... 2D-37

Conventional Roads. See also Guide signs, conventional roadsdefined ..... 1A-16warning sign size ..... 2C-6

Coordinated signal system analysissignal warrant ..... 4C-1, 4C-10

Coralmeaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13

Corral sign ..... 2M-2Countdown pedestrian signals ..... 4E-5Counter-Flow Lanedefined ..... 1A-16

County Route signsdesign of ..... 2D-8

Crash cushionsin temporary traffic control zones ..... 6F-52

Crash experience analysissignal warrant ..... 4C-1, 4C-10

Crashworthydefined ..... 1A-16

CREW WORKING AHEAD signs ..... 6F-17Cross Country Skiing sign ..... 2M-2CROSS ONLY AT CROSSWALKS signs ..... 2B-49sign location ..... 2A-17

CROSS ONLY ON GREEN sign ..... 2B-50CROSS ONLY ON SIGNAL sign ..... 2B-50Cross Road signs ..... 2C-12, 2C-27Crossings. See School crossings

CrossoversPEDESTRIAN CROSSWALK signs ..... 6F-11temporary traffic control zones with ..... 6G-14TTC with freeway median ..... 6J-4, 6J-5TTC with median, entrance ramp ..... 6J-24TTC with median, exit ramp ..... 6J-7

Crossroads, minorsign location ..... 2A-15

Crosswalk Linesdefined ..... 1A-16use of ..... 3B-34, 3B-36

CROSSWALK STOP ON RED sign ..... 4F-3pedestrian hybrid beacon with ..... 4F-3

Crosswalk. see also Pedestrian crosswalk signs ..... 5E-1low-volume roads with ..... 5E-1

CrosswalksCROSS ONLY AT CROSSWALKS sign ..... 2B-49defined ..... 1A-16in-roadway warning lights ..... 4N-1markings ..... 3B-34PEDESTRIAN CROSSWALK signs ..... 6F-11pedestrian signal indications ..... 4E-2roundabout markings ..... 3C-15school area markings ..... 7C-1School Crosswalk Warning assembly ..... 7B-6sign location ..... 2A-17

Cul-de-sacsDEAD END signs ..... 2C-18

Cultural interest areacolor code ..... 1A-13

Cultural Interest Area sign ..... 2M-2Cultural Interest signsapplication ..... 2M-1by category ..... 2M-2design requirements ..... 2M-1educational plaques ..... 2M-3placement ..... 2M-4prohibitive slash, use of ..... 2M-4symbol sizes ..... 2M-3symbols installed beneath ..... 2M-13

Culverts. See also BridgesNARROW BRIDGE signs ..... 2C-17ONE LANE BRIDGE signs ..... 2C-17

Curb Markings. See also MarkingsCurve signs ..... 2C-12CurvesDouble Reverse Curve signs ..... 6F-20spacing of delineators ..... 3F-2, 3F-3, 3F-4warning signs ..... 9B-8

Cycle Lengthdefined ..... 1A-16

December, 2011

Definitionsapplicable to signs ..... 2A-1bicycle facility terms ..... 9A-1highway-rail grade crossing terms ..... 8A-1of terms ..... 1A-14 to 1A-18

Delineators. See also Markingsapplication ..... 3F-1color ..... 3F-1defined ..... 1A-16design ..... 3F-1on islands ..... 3I-1for low-volume roads ..... 5E-1placement ..... 3F-3post mounted ..... 6F-44retroreflection ..... 3F-1spacing ..... 3F-3surface mounted ..... 6F-35for temporary traffic control ..... 6F-44truck escape ramp ..... 3F-3use of ..... 3F-1

Department of Transportation and Related AgenciesAppropriations Act ..... A1-1

Design"Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access-Part 2-Best

Practices Design Guide" ..... 1A-12of bicycle signs ..... 9B-1of delineators ..... 3F-1of devices ..... 1A-1of diagrammatic signs ..... 2E-19of emergency management signs ..... 2N-1of emergency vehicle traffic control signals ..... 4G-1of guide signs, freeways and expressways ..... 2E-2of lane-use control signals ..... 4M-1of movable bridge traffic control signals and gates ..... 4J-1of specific service ..... 2K-1of parking prohibition signs ..... 2B-47of pedestrian signal indications ..... 4E-2of recreational and cultural interest area signs ..... 2M-1of regulatory signs ..... 2B-1, 6F-7of route sign auxiliaries ..... 2D-8of route signs ..... 2D-7of signs ..... 2A-2of standing prohibition signs ..... 2B-47of STOP signs ..... 2B-8of stopping prohibition signs ..... 2B-47of supplemental warning plaques ..... 2C-31of tourist-oriented directional signs ..... 2K-1of traffic control devices for low-volume roads ..... 5A-1of traffic control signals for divided highways ..... 4P-1of traffic control signals for freeway entrance ramps ..... 4I-1of traffic control signals for one-lane, two-way facilities .....

4H-1of warning signs ..... 2C-1

Design Speeddefined ..... 1A-24

Design Vehicledefined ..... 1A-16

DD1 Series. see Destination signsD2 Series. see Distance signsD3 signs. see Street Name signsD3-1 sign. see Street Name signsD3-2 sign. see Advance Street Name signsD4-1 sign. see Parking Area signsD4-2 sign. see Park & Ride signsD4-3 sign. see Bicycle Parking Area signsD5 Series. see Rest Area signsD6 Series. see Scenic Area signsD6-4, 4a signs. see National Scenic Byways signsD8 Series. see Weigh Station signsD9 Series. see General Service signsD9-6 sign. see International Symbol of Accessibility for the

Disabled signsD9-12 sign. see Recreational Vehicle Sanitary Station signsD9-13 sign. see Emergency Medical Services signsD10-1A - 3A signs. see Intermediate Reference Location signsD10-1-3 signs. see Reference postsD10-4 - 5 signs. see Enhanced Reference Location signsD11-1 sign. see Bicycle Route Guide signsD12-1 sign. see Radio-Weather Information signsD12-3 sign. see Channel 9 Monitored signsD12-4 sign. see Emergency Dial XXX signsD13 Series. see Crossover signsDam sign ..... 2M-2Dark Modedefined ..... 1A-16

DEAD END plaquesDEAD END signsfor low-volume roads ..... 5C-4use of ..... 2C-18

DECONTAMINATION CENTER signs ..... 2N-4Dedication signs ..... 2M-12Deer Viewing Area sign ..... 2M-2Deer-Vehicle Crash Countermeasure Toolbox: A Decision and

Choice Resource ..... 1A-13Defense highways"Establishment of a Marking System of the Routes Comprising


Index - 9

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 10

Designated Bicycle Routedefined ..... 1A-16

"Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access-Part 2-Best PracticesDesign Guide" ..... 1A-12

Desktop Reference for Crash Reduction Factors ..... 1A-12Destination signsfor freeways ..... 2E-5

Destination signs (D1 series) ..... 2D-21at jughandles ..... 2D-23circular intersections with ..... 2D-22location of ..... 2D-26

Detectabledefined ..... 1A-16

Detectable edging for pedestrians ..... 6F-39Detectionrail traffic ..... 8C-7

Detectordefined ..... 1A-16

Detectorsaccessible ..... 4E-7bicycles ..... 9C-5, 9C-9pedestrian control with ..... 4E-6, 4E-7pushbutton for pedestrian control with ..... 4E-6

DETOUR AHEAD signs ..... 6F-13Detour Arrows ..... 6F-25DETOUR signs (W20-2, M4-8 thru M4-10) ..... 6F-25DetoursTTC - closed road (street) ..... 6J-17TTC - one travel direction ..... 6J-18temporary traffic control ..... 6C-10, 6F-13, 6F-25TTC - road closure ..... 6J-16

Diagrammatic Guideoptional lanes signing ..... 2E-19

Diagrammatic signsdesign of ..... 2E-19function of ..... 2E-19letter size ..... 2E-6, 2E-11use of ..... 2E-19

Diamond interchangesguide signs ..... 2E-53, 2E-54, 2E-55urban ..... 2E-53

Diesel Fuel sign ..... 2I-3Diesel signs ..... 2I-4, 2I-6Dimensions of signs ..... 2A-7DIP signs ..... 2C-19, 6F-22, 9B-9Directional Arrow Auxiliary signs ..... 2D-12Directional Arrow signs (M6 series) ..... 9B-16Directional Assembly ..... 2D-19recreational and cultural interest area ..... 2M-3

Directional signsrecreational and cultural interest area ..... 2M-3

Disabilities. see Persons with disabilitiesDisabled Parking signs ..... 2B-48Disabled sign ..... 2I-3Disabled symbols. See Persons with disabilitiesDistance Ahead plaques ..... 2C-32Distance plaques ..... 2C-32, 6F-23Distance signsfor interchanges ..... 2E-43letter size ..... 2E-6, 2E-8, 2E-9, 2E-10location of ..... 2D-26uses ..... 2D-21, 2D-26

Diversionstemporary traffic control ..... 6C-10

Divided highwaycounter-flow preferential lanes on ..... 3D-7

Divided Highway Crossing signs ..... 2B-41Divided Highway Ends signs ..... 2C-17Divided Highway signs ..... 2C-17Divided highwaysDivided Highway Crossing signs ..... 2B-41Divided Highway Ends signs ..... 2C-17Divided Highway signs ..... 2C-17median opening treatments for divided highways with wide

medians ..... 2A-19ONE WAY signing ..... 2B-36

Diving sign ..... 2M-2Divisional islandssign location ..... 2A-15

DO NOT BLOCK INTERSECTION signs ..... 2B-52DO NOT CROSS DOUBLE WHITE LINE sign ..... 2B-31DO NOT ENTER signsat interchange ramps ..... 2E-57use of ..... 2B-33

DO NOT PASS signs ..... 2B-26, 2C-26DO NOT STOP ON TRACKS signs ..... 2B-49, 8B-10Documents. see PublicationsDog Sledding sign ..... 2M-2DON'T WALK ..... 4D-5, 4E-1Dotted white line pavement markingsdimensions ..... 3B-14freeway route splits with ..... 3B-14lane continuing beyond interchange ..... 3B-14lane drop in advance of exit ramp with ..... 3B-14lane drop in advance of interchange ..... 3B-14lane line markings ..... 3B-32

Double Arrow signs ..... 2C-18Double Reverse Curve sign (W24-1 series) ..... 6F-20

June, 2013

Electric Vehicle Charging plaque ..... 2I-3Electric Vehicle Charging sign ..... 2I-3, 2I-4, 2I-6Electrical Hook-Up sign ..... 2M-2Electronic toll collectionpreferential lane markings for ..... 3D-1toll plaza markings for ..... 3E-1

Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) ..... 1A-16account pictographs ..... 2F-2account-only auxiliary signs ..... 2F-6advance signing for diverging alignment from ..... 2F-14defined ..... 1A-16guide signs for entrances to ..... 2F-16program information signs ..... 2F-16

Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) Account Only Lanedefined ..... 1A-17

EM-1 sign. see EVACUATION ROUTE signsEM-2 sign. see AREA CLOSED signsEM-3 sign. see TRAFFIC CONTROL POINT signsEM-4 sign. see MAINTAIN TOP SAFE SPEED signsEM-5 sign. see ROAD (AREA) USE PERMIT REQUIRED FOR

THRU TRAFFIC signsEM-6 sign. see Emergency Aid Center signsEM-7 sign. see Shelter Directional signsEmergency Aid Center Signs ..... 2N-4Emergency Dial signs ..... 2I-13Emergency Management signs ..... 2N-1AREA CLOSED Sign ..... 2N-2contingency planning and ..... 2N-1design ..... 2N-1Emergency Aid Center Signs ..... 2N-4EVACUATION ROUTE Sign ..... 2N-2examples of ..... 2N-4MAINTAIN TOP SAFE SPEED Sign ..... 2N-3ROAD USE PERMIT REQUIRED FOR THRU TRAFFIC

Sign ..... 2N-3Shelter Directional Signs ..... 2N-4TRAFFIC CONTROL POINT Sign ..... 2N-3

Emergency Medical Care plaque ..... 2I-3Emergency Medical Services sign ..... 2I-3Emergency Medical Services sign ..... 2I-5Emergency Notification signshighway-rail grade crossings ..... 8B-13

EMERGENCY PARKING ONLY signs ..... 2B-49Emergency respondertemporary traffic control with safety for ..... 6D-4

Emergency restriction signs ..... 2B-49EMERGENCY SHELTER signs ..... 2N-5EMERGENCY SIGNAL AHEAD plaque ..... 2C-29EMERGENCY SIGNAL signs ..... 4G-1EMERGENCY STOPPING ONLY signs ..... 2B-49

Double-exit interchanges ..... 2J-7Downhill Skiing sign ..... 2M-2Downstreamdefined ..... 1A-16

Downstream tapers ..... 6C-8Downward Green Arrowlane use control with ..... 4M-1

DOWNWARD YELLOW ARROW signals ..... 4M-1, 4M-3DRAW BRIDGE sign ..... 2C-24Drinking Water sign ..... 2M-2Driving Tour sign ..... 2M-2Dropped Lanedefined ..... 1A-16

Drumsfor temporary traffic control ..... 6F-36

Dual Arrow Signal Sectiondefined ..... 1A-16

Dynamic envelope delineationfor highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8B-19

Dynamic envelopesDynamic Exit Gate Operating Modedefined ..... 1A-16

Dynamic Message Signsdefined ..... 1A-15

EE5-2 - 3 signs. see EXIT OPEN, EXIT CLOSED, EXIT ONLY

signsE11-1 panel. see EXIT ONLY panelsE11-1a sign. see EXIT Direction signsEAST. see Cardinal direction auxiliary signsEdge Line Markingsdefined ..... 1A-16detectable edging for pedestrians ..... 6F-39for low-volume roads ..... 5E-1pathway grade crossing ..... 8D-1use of ..... 3B-23warrants for use ..... 3B-23

Edge spacing ..... 2E-12Educational plaques ..... 2A-10, 2M-3Effectiveness of ‘Children at Play’ Warning Signs ..... 1A-13Eight-hour vehicular volumesignal warrant ..... 4C-2

85th-percentile speeddefined ..... 1A-24

Eisenhower Interstate System signs ..... 2E-32

Index - 11

INDEX

June, 2013

INDEX

Index - 12

Emergency vehicle lighting, use of ..... 6I-3Emergency Vehicle signs ..... 2C-29Emergency-vehicle hybrid beacon ..... 1A-17, 4G-1defined ..... 1A-17

Emergency-Vehicle Traffic Control Signal ..... 1A-17defined ..... 1A-17

END Auxiliary signs ..... 2D-11END BLASTING ZONE signs ..... 6F-18END DETOUR signs ..... 6F-25END HIGHER FINES sign (R2-11) ..... 6F-10END HIGHER FINES zone sign (R2-11)school speed limit assembly with ..... 7B-10

END plaque ..... 2B-23END ROAD WORK signs ..... 6C-2, 6F-24END SCHOOL ZONE sign (S5-2) ..... 7B-3school speed limit assembly with ..... 7B-10

END SPEED ZONE signs ..... 2B-17END WORK SPEED ZONE signs ..... 2B-17End-of-Roadway Markersdefined ..... 1A-17

Engineering Judgmentdefined ..... 1A-17for installation of traffic control devices ..... 1A-4traffic control signal needs studies ..... 4C-1

Engineering Studiesdefined ..... 1A-17flashing-light signals at highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8C-1for installation of traffic control devices ..... 1A-4for lane-use control signals ..... 4M-1traffic control signal needs studies ..... 4C-1

Entrance Gatedefined ..... 1A-17

Entrance rampsarrow markings to indicate direction of flow ..... 3B-44channelizing line markings ..... 3B-22freeway entrance ramp traffic control signals ..... 4I-1to freeways, traffic control signals for ..... 4I-1median crossover for entrance ramp ..... 6J-24ramp closure ..... 6J-21

"Establishment and Development of United States NumberedHighways" ..... 2D-6

"Establishment of a Marking System of the Routes Comprisingthe National System of Interstate and Defense Highways"..... 2D-6

ETC. see Electronic Toll Collection ..... 1A-16Evacuation Routecolor code ..... 1A-13

EVACUATION ROUTE Sign ..... 2N-2Exact Change Lane (Automatic Lane)EXCEPT RIGHT TURN plaque (R1-10P) ..... 2B-9

EXCESS OIL plaque ..... 2C-21EXEMPT signshighway-rail grade crossings ..... 8B-9

Exercise/Fitness sign ..... 2M-2Exit Direction signsarrows on ..... 2E-13for freeways and expressways ..... 2E-40at interchange exits ..... 2E-32for interchange lane drops ..... 2E-26at interchanges ..... 2E-32letter size ..... 2E-6, 2E-8, 2E-9, 2E-10for weigh stations ..... 2D-37

Exit Gatedefined ..... 1A-17

Exit Gate Clearance Timedefined ..... 1A-17

Exit Gate Operating Modedefined ..... 1A-17

Exit Gore signs ..... 2E-42EXIT ONLY panelsfor interchange lane drops ..... 2E-26, 2E-27

EXIT ONLY signsletter size ..... 2E-11

EXIT OPEN, EXIT CLOSED signs ..... 6F-15Exit rampsarrow markings to deter wrong-way entry ..... 3B-44channelizing line markings ..... 3B-11, 3B-12, 3B-13, 3B-22lane drop in advance of ..... 3B-14median crossover for exit ramp ..... 6J-7ramp closure ..... 6J-20

Exits. See also Exit Ramps; Rampschannelizing line markings ..... 3B-10, 3B-11, 3B-12, 3B-13,

3B-22diagrammatic signs, for ..... 2E-19, 2E-20, 2E-21, 2E-22interchange numbering ..... 2E-32, 2E-34, 2E-35

Experiment, Request for ..... 1A-5Experimentation with devicesprocess for ..... 1A-5state preliminary request ..... i

Expressways. See also Guide signs, freeways and expressways;Highways

defined ..... 1A-17warning sign size ..... 2C-6

FFallen Rocks sign ..... 2C-21Falling Rocks sign ..... 2M-2FALLOUT SHELTER signs ..... 2N-5

June, 2013

Fishing Pier sign ..... 2M-2Flag transfer method ..... 6C-10Flag trees ..... 6F-30Flagger ..... 1A-17automated assistance device for ..... 6E-2defined ..... 1A-17flagger procedures ..... 6E-7flagger stations ..... 6E-7hand-signaling devices for ..... 6E-1, 6E-8high-visibility safety apparel for ..... 6E-1method ..... 6C-10methods to alert/slow traffic by ..... 6E-8methods to let traffic proceed by ..... 6E-8methods to stop traffic by ..... 6E-8procedures ..... 6E-7qualifications ..... 6E-1red/yellow len automated assistance device for ..... 6E-6stations ..... 6E-7STOP/SLOW automated assistance device for ..... 6E-5STOP/SLOW paddles ..... 6E-1stopping/sight distance needed for ..... 6E-9temporary traffic control with ..... 6E-1

Flagger method ..... 6C-10Flagger signs ..... 6F-16Flags, red ..... 6E-1, 6E-7Flasherdefined ..... 1A-17

Flashingdefined ..... 1A-17

Flashing beacons. See also Beaconsdesign of ..... 4L-1operation ..... 4L-1reversible lane control ..... 2B-25

Flashing Light Signalsdefined ..... 1A-17

Flashing Modedefined ..... 1A-17

Flashing red ..... 4D-4meaning of ..... 4D-4

Flashing signal indicationsmeaning of ..... 4D-2

Flashing yellow ..... 4D-3meaning of ..... 4D-3

Flashing-Light signalsfor grade crossings ..... 8C-2, 8C-3, 8C-6pathway grade crossing ..... 8D-2post-mounted ..... 8C-3

Floodlightsin temporary traffic control zones ..... 6F-45

Fluorescent pinkmeaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13

Fluorescent yellow-green

Farm vehiclesSHARE THE ROAD plaques ..... 2C-33

Federal Highway Administration ..... ii"Changeable Message Sign Operation and Messaging

Handbook (FHWA-OP-03-070)" ..... 1A-12"Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access" ..... 1A-12"Federal-Aid Highway Program Guidance on High Occupancy

Vehicle (HOV) Lanes" ..... 1A-12"Maintaining Traffic Sign Retroreflectivity" ..... 1A-12"Railroad-Highway Grade Crossing Handbook-Revised

Second Edition" ..... 1A-12"Ramp Management and Control Handbook" ..... 1A-12"Roundabouts-An Informational Guide" ..... 1A-12"Signal Timing Manual" ..... 1A-12"Signalized Intersections: an Informational Guide" ..... 1A-12"Standard Highway Signs and Markings" ..... 1A-12, 7B-1"Travel Better, Travel Longer: A Pocket Guide to Improving

Traffic Control and Mobility for Our OlderPopulation" ..... 1A-12

address ..... 1A-13conformance with standards ..... 1A-2Desktop Reference for Crash Reduction Factors ..... 1A-12FHWA Office of Transportation Operations ..... iiFHWA Report Center ..... iiOffice of Transportation Operations ..... 1A-8Techbrief: Safety Evaluation of Improved Curve Delineation

..... 1A-12website ..... 1A-13

Federal Railroad Administration"Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access-Part 2-Best

Practices Design Guide" ..... 1A-12highway-rail grade crossing engineering studies ..... 8A-2

"Federal-Aid Highway Program Guidance on High OccupancyVehicle (HOV) Lanes" ..... 1A-12

FENDER BENDER sign ..... 2B-58FHWA. See Federal Highway AdministrationFINES DOUBLE plaque (R2-6aP) ..... 6F-10school ..... 7B-5school speed limit assembly with ..... 7B-10

FINES DOUBLE sign ..... 6H-2FINES HIGHER plaque (R2-6P) ..... 2B-17, 6F-10Fines Higher Zone, school ..... 7B-5school ..... 7B-5school speed limit assembly with ..... 7B-10

Fire Extinguisher sign ..... 2M-2Firefightertemporary traffic control with safety for ..... 6D-4

Firewood Cutting sign ..... 2M-2First Aid sign ..... 2M-2Fish Cleaning sign ..... 2M-2Fish Hatchery sign ..... 2M-2Fish Ladder sign ..... 2M-2Fishing Area sign ..... 2M-2

Index - 13

INDEX

June, 2013

INDEX

Index - 14

meaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13Fog Area sign ..... 2C-22Food sign ..... 2I-3Food signs ..... 2I-4, 2I-6FOOD logo panel ..... 2J-1

Forest Route signsdesign of ..... 2D-8

Four-hour vehicular warrantsignal warrant ..... 4C-1, 4C-5

Four-Quadrant Gate Systemfor highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8C-5

FRA. See Federal Railroad Administration ..... iFreeway Entrance Ramp Information signs ..... 2B-49Freeway/expressways. See also Guide signs, freeways and

expressways; Highways ..... 2C-18, 2M-5community wayfinding signs showing from ..... 2D-40edge line markings ..... 3B-23ends sign ..... 2C-18general guide signs for ..... 2I-5lane drop markings for ..... 3B-14recreational and cultural interest area signs for ..... 2M-5

Freeway/expressways. See also Guide signs; freeways andexpressways; Highways

wrong-way traffic control at interchange ramps ..... 2B-40Freeways. See also guide signs, freeways and expressways;

Highwaysentrance ramp traffic control signals ..... 4I-1lane shifts ..... 6J-13lane-use control signals ..... 4M-1median crossover ..... 6J-4, 6J-5TTC zone - work within ..... 6G-12warning sign size ..... 2C-6

Freeways. See also Guide signs, freeways/expressways;Highways

defined ..... 1A-17Freeway-to-freeway interchanges ..... 2E-46FRESH OIL (TAR) signs ..... 6F-16FTA. See Federal Transit AdministrationFull Actuated Operationdefined ..... 1A-17

GG20-1 sign. see ROAD WORK NEXT XX MILES signsG20-2 sign. see END ROAD WORK signsG20-3 sign. see PILOT CAR FOLLOW ME signsGas sign ..... 2I-3, 2I-4, 2I-6GAS logo panel ..... 2J-1

Gate

defined ..... 1A-17for movable bridges ..... 4J-1

Gatesautomatic ..... 8C-2, 8C-4Four-Quadrant Gate systems ..... 8A-1for highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8C-4

General Information signsacknowledgement signs ..... 2H-8auto tour route ..... 2H-7enhanced reference location ..... 2H-6I Series of ..... 2H-1intermediate reference location ..... 2H-5miscellaneous ..... 2H-5reference location ..... 2H-5sizes of ..... 2H-1

General Service signs ..... 2I-3brake check area ..... 2I-11carpool ..... 2I-13chain-up area ..... 2I-11conventional roads ..... 2I-3freeways/expressways ..... 2I-5interstate oasis ..... 2I-8letter size ..... 2E-11next services ..... 2I-4public water access ..... 2I-10radio information ..... 2I-12rest area ..... 2I-9ridesharing ..... 2I-13roadside area ..... 2I-9sizes of ..... 2I-1tourist information ..... 2I-11TRAVEL INFO CALL ..... 2I-13welcome center ..... 2I-11

Golf cartsSHARE THE ROAD plaques ..... 2C-33

Golfing sign ..... 2M-2Gore signsat freeway and expressway exits ..... 2E-42at interchange exits ..... 2E-32letter size ..... 2E-6, 2E-8, 2E-9, 2E-10

Government Printing Office ..... iiGrade Crossingdefined ..... 1A-17

Grade Crossing (Crossbuck) Sign ..... 8B-1Grade Crossing Advance Warning ..... 8B-8Grade crossings. see also Highway-light rail transit grade

crossingsactive grade crossing warning system ..... 8C-1active traffic control systems ..... 8C-1automatic gates ..... 8C-1, 8C-4definitions of terms ..... 8A-1DO NOT STOP ON TRACKS sign ..... 8B-10dynamic envelope delineation ..... 8B-19elimination ..... 8A-3Emergency Notification sign ..... 8B-13

June, 2013

design of route signs ..... 2D-7Destination signs ..... 2D-21Directional Arrow Auxiliary signs ..... 2D-12Directional assembly ..... 2D-19Distance signs ..... 2D-21, 2D-26END Auxiliary signs ..... 2D-11General Service signs ..... 2I-3illumination ..... 2D-1Junction Assembly ..... 2D-13Junction auxiliary signs ..... 2D-9lettering size ..... 2D-4lettering style ..... 2D-3location of Destination signs ..... 2D-26location of Distance signs ..... 2D-26National Scenic Byways ..... 2D-45numbered highway systems ..... 2D-6PARK & RIDE sign ..... 2D-36Parking Area sign ..... 2D-36Public Water Access signs ..... 2I-10Reassurance assembly ..... 2D-20retroreflection ..... 2D-1Route Sign Assemblies ..... 2D-12route signs ..... 2D-7scope of ..... 2D-1size of ..... 2D-1size of lettering ..... 2D-4Street Name signs ..... 2D-27TEMPORARY Auxiliary Signs ..... 2D-11TO Auxiliary signs ..... 2D-10Trailblazer assembly ..... 2D-21TRUCK auxiliary signs ..... 2D-10Weigh Station signing ..... 2D-37

Guide signs, freeways and expressways ..... 2I-5abbreviations ..... 2E-12Advance Guide signs ..... 2E-37amount of legend ..... 2E-3approaches and connecting roadways signing ..... 2E-57arrows for interchange guide signs ..... 2E-13borders ..... 2E-12classification of ..... 2E-1closely spaced interchanges ..... 2E-44, 2E-53Cloverleaf Interchanges ..... 2E-49, 2E-51, 2E-52color of ..... 2E-2Community Interchanges Identification signs ..... 2E-45connecting roadways ..... 2E-57design of ..... 2E-2designation of destinations ..... 2E-5diagrammatic ..... 2E-19diamond interchanges ..... 2E-53, 2E-54, 2E-55Distance interchange signs ..... 2E-43edge spacing ..... 2E-12Exit Direction signs ..... 2E-40Exit Gore sign ..... 2E-42exit numbering for interchanges ..... 2E-32, 2E-34, 2E-35,

2E-36freeway-to-freeway interchanges ..... 2E-46functions of ..... 2E-1general information ..... 2E-2general service signs ..... 2I-5

EXEMPT signs ..... 8B-9flashing-light signals ..... 8C-1, 8C-3Four-Quadrant Gate system ..... 8A-1, 8C-5Low Ground Clearance Highway-Rail Grade Crossing sign .....

8B-15NO TRAIN HORN sign ..... 8B-14Number of Tracks signs ..... 8B-1pathway ..... 8D-1, 8D-2pavement markings ..... 8B-16signs ..... 8B-1signs and markings ..... 8B-1sizes of signs ..... 8B-1Skewed Crossing signs ..... 8B-16standard devices, systems, and practices ..... 8A-1STOP HERE ON RED signs ..... 8B-11STOP HERE WHEN FLASHING signs ..... 8B-11stop lines ..... 8B-19Storage Space signs ..... 8B-15temporary traffic control zones ..... 8A-4TRACKS OUT OF SERVICE sign ..... 8B-11traffic control signals at or near ..... 8C-8TRAINS MAY EXCEED 80 MPH sign ..... 8B-14turn restrictions during preemption ..... 8B-10uniform provisions ..... 8A-3warning sign placement ..... 8B-17

Grade of hills ..... 2C-14GRAVEL plaque ..... 2C-16Greenmeaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13

GREEN ARROW signals ..... 4D-2, 4D-4meaning of ..... 4D-3

Green signal indicationsapplication of ..... 4D-4meaning of ..... 4D-2pedestrians and ..... 4D-2

Grocery Store sign ..... 2M-2"Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities" ..... 1A-12,

9A-1Guide signs, conventional roadsAdvance Route Turn Assembly ..... 2D-18Advance Turn Arrow Auxiliary signs ..... 2D-11ALL AMERICAN ROAD ..... 2D-45ALTERNATE auxiliary signs ..... 2D-10amount of legend ..... 2D-5application ..... 2D-1arrows ..... 2D-5auxiliary signs ..... 2D-7auxiliary signs for alternative routes ..... 2D-10BEGIN auxiliary sign ..... 2D-11BUSINESS auxiliary signs ..... 2D-10BY-PASS auxiliary signs ..... 2D-10cardinal direction auxiliary signs ..... 2D-9color ..... 2D-1Combination junction signs ..... 2D-9Confirming assembly ..... 2D-20design of route sign auxiliaries ..... 2D-8

Index - 15

INDEX

June, 2013

INDEX

Index - 16

illumination of ..... 2E-2interchange classification ..... 2E-33interchange exit numbering ..... 2E-32for interchange lane drops ..... 2E-26Interchange Sequence signs ..... 2E-45for interchanges ..... 2E-32interline spacing ..... 2E-12for intersections at grade ..... 2E-32lateral clearance ..... 2E-27minor interchanges ..... 2E-53Next Exit supplemental signs ..... 2E-38NEXT X EXITS Sign ..... 2E-46number of signs at overhead installations ..... 2E-3overhead sign installations ..... 2E-26partial cloverleaf interchanges ..... 2E-49Post-Interchange signs ..... 2E-43Pull-Through signs ..... 2E-3retroreflectivity of ..... 2E-2route signs ..... 2E-31rural signing characteristics ..... 2E-2scope of standards ..... 2E-1sequence signs for interchanges ..... 2E-45sign borders ..... 2E-12signing by type of interchange ..... 2E-46signing principles ..... 2E-1size of ..... 2E-5size of lettering ..... 2E-5style of letters and signs ..... 2E-5supplemental signs ..... 2E-38symbols ..... 2E-12trailblazer assemblies ..... 2E-31by type of interchange ..... 2E-46urban signing characteristics ..... 2E-2Weigh Station signing ..... 2E-57wrong-way traffic control at interchange ramps ..... 2E-57

Guide signs. See also Guide signs, conventional roads; Guidesigns, freeways and expressways

"Guidelines for the Selection of Supplemental Guide Signs forTraffic Generators Adjacent to Freeways" ..... 1A-12

colors used ..... 2A-9defined ..... 1A-17function of ..... 2A-2illumination ..... 2A-3for low-volume roads ..... 5D-1retroreflectivity ..... 2A-3, 2A-4temporary traffic control ..... 6F-23

Guide signs. See also Guide signs, conventional roads; Guidesigns, freeways and expressways

bicycle ..... 9B-10, 9B-12, 9B-15"Guide to Metric Conversion" ..... 1A-12"Guidelines for Accessible Pedestrian Signals (NCHRP Web-Only

Document 117B)" ..... 1A-13"Guidelines for the Selection of Supplemental Guide Signs for

Traffic Generators Adjacent to Freeways" ..... 1A-12Gusty Winds Area sign ..... 2C-22

HHairpin Curve signs ..... 2C-8Hand Launch/Small Boat Launch sign ..... 2M-2Hand-signaling devices ..... 6E-1, 6E-8Hang Gliding sign ..... 2M-2Hazardous Cargo signs ..... 2B-57Headlight Use signs ..... 2B-58High-level warning devicesfor temporary traffic control ..... 6F-30

High occupancy vehiclesmandatory movement lanes ..... 2B-20

High speeddefined ..... 1A-24

High-Speed Roadwaydefined ..... 1A-18

High-Visibility Safety Apparel ..... 6E-1High-occupancy vehicle lanesconcurrent flow lanes ..... 1A-15defined ..... 1A-18

High-Occupancy Vehiclesdefined ..... 1A-18

"Highway Capacity Manual" ..... 1A-13Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Advance Warning signs ..... 5F-1,

8B-9Highway-Rail Intersection ..... 8A-2Highway Safety Actprovisions ..... iv

Highway signs. See also Signs"Guidelines for the Selection of Supplemental Guide Signs for

Traffic Generators Adjacent to Freeways" ..... 1A-12"Standard Highway Signs and Markings", FHWA ..... 1A-12,

2A-2, 4E-2"Standard Signs Manual", Mn/DOT ..... 1A-12, 2A-2

Highway traffic signals. See also Traffic control signalsdefined ..... 1A-18divided highway control signals ..... 4P-1emergency vehicle access control signals ..... 4G-1features of traffic control signals ..... 4D-1flashing beacons ..... 4L-1freeway entrance ramp control signals ..... 4I-1In-Roadway Warning Lights ..... 4N-1intersection control beacon ..... 4L-1lane-use control signals ..... 4M-1movable bridge control signals ..... 4J-1

June, 2013

Hospital plaque ..... 2I-3Hospital sign ..... 2I-3Hospital signs ..... 2I-4, 2I-7HOT Lanepreferential markings for ..... 3D-1

HOV 2+ word message ..... 2B-22HOV lanes. See High occupancy vehicle lanesHOV. See High occupancy vehiclesHRI. See Highway-Rail IntersectionHURRICANE SHELTER signs ..... 2N-5Hybrid Beacon. see also Pedestrian hybrid beacondefined ..... 1A-18

II Series. See General information signsI-11 sign. see Recycling Collection Center symbol signsI-12 sign. see Light Rail Station signsI1-1 sign. see Traffic Signal Speed signsIce Fishing sign ..... 2M-2ICE plaque ..... 2C-21Ice Skating sign ..... 2M-2ICS. see Incident Command SystemILEVs. See Inherently Low Emission VehiclesIlluminating Engineering Society (IES)address ..... ii"Practice for Roadway Lighting" ..... 1A-12

Illumination. See also Lightingof guide signs for conventional roads ..... 2D-1of guide signs for freeways and expressways ..... 2E-2means of ..... 2A-4pedestrian signal indications ..... 4E-2of raised pavement markers ..... 3B-30, 3B-31of regulatory signs ..... 2B-1of school signs ..... 7B-1sign illumination ..... 1A-23, 2A-3, 2A-4standards ..... 2A-3traffic control devices, low-volume roads ..... 5A-3in temporary traffic control zones ..... 6D-7

Incident Command System (ICS) ..... 6I-1Incident management ..... 6I-1intermediate traffic incident ..... 6I-3major traffic incident ..... 6I-2minor traffic incident ..... 6I-3

Indicated movements permitted ..... 1A-13color code ..... 1A-13

Information signscolor code ..... 2A-9

needs studies for traffic control signal ..... 4C-1one-lane, two-way facility control signals ..... 4H-1pedestrian control features ..... 4E-1speed limit sign beacon ..... 4L-2stop beacon ..... 4L-2traffic control signals ..... 4B-1types ..... 4A-1warning beacon ..... 4L-2

Highway Work Zonedefined ..... 1A-18

Highway-Light Rail Transit Grade Crossingdefined ..... 1A-18

Highway-Rail grade crossingsactive grade crossing warning system ..... 1A-14advance warning signs ..... 5F-1defined ..... 1A-18High occupancy vehicle ..... 1A-14low-volume roads ..... 5F-1no-passing zone markings ..... 3B-6pavement markings ..... 5F-2signs ..... 5F-1STOP signs ..... 5F-2work in vicinity of ..... 6J-10YIELD signs ..... 5F-2

Highways. See also Divided highways; Expressways; Freeways;Roadways

arterial ..... 1A-14collector ..... 1A-15conventional road ..... 1A-16defined ..... 1A-18guide signs for numbered highway systems ..... 2D-6"Highway Capacity Manual" ..... 1A-13"Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance

Evaluation of Highway Features" ..... 1A-13rural ..... 1A-22

Hiking Trail sign ..... 2M-2HILL BLOCKS VIEW Sign ..... 2C-16Hill-Related plaques ..... 2C-32Hill signs ..... 2C-14, 5C-2, 9B-10HitchhikingNo Hitchhiking sign ..... 2B-49

Horizontal Alignment signs ..... 2C-8, 2C-11, 2C-12for low-volume roads ..... 5C-1

Horizontal Alignment Warning signs ..... 2C-8Horizontal position within signal face ofcircular green ..... 4D-10circular red ..... 4D-10circular yellow ..... 4D-10green arrow ..... 4D-10red arrow ..... 4D-10yellow arrow ..... 4D-10

Horse Trail sign ..... 2M-2Horse-drawn vehiclesSHARE THE ROAD signs ..... 2C-33

Index - 17

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 18

Inherently Low Emission Vehicle (ILEV)defined ..... 1A-18

In-Line Skating sign ..... 2M-2In-Roadway Lightsapplication of ..... 4N-1at crosswalks ..... 4N-1defined ..... 1A-18

In-Roadway Warning Lights ..... 4N-1Institute of Makers of Explosives ..... 1A-12address ..... ii"Safety Guide for the Prevention of Radio Frequency

Radiation Hazards in the Use of Commercial ElectricDetonators (Blasting Caps)" ..... 1A-12

Institute of Transportation Engineers"Purchase Specification for Flashing and Steady-Burn Warning

Lights" ..... 6F-45Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) ..... 1A-12"Manual of Traffic Signal Design" ..... 1A-12"Manual of Transportation Engineering Studies" ..... 1A-12"Pedestrian Traffic Control Signal Indications" ..... 1A-12"Preemption of Traffic Signals at or Near Railroad Grade

Crossings with Active Warning Devices" ..... 1A-13"Purchase Specification for Flashing and Steady Burn Warning

Lights" ..... 1A-13"Traffic Control Devices Handbook" ..... 1A-13"Traffic Detector Handbook" ..... 1A-13"Traffic Engineering Handbook" ..... 1A-13"Traffic Engineering Metric Conversion Folders- Addendum to

the Guide to Metric Conversion" ..... 1A-12"Traffic Signal Lamps" ..... 1A-13"Vehicle Traffic Control Signal Heads" ..... 1A-13address ..... ii"Pedestrian Traffic Control Signal Indications" ..... 4E-2

In-Street Pedestrian Crossing signs ..... 2B-12, 2B-13Intelligent Transportation Systemdynamic message signs ..... 1A-15highway-rail grade crossing engineering studies ..... 8A-2

Interchange Sequence signsletter size ..... 2E-11use of ..... 2E-38, 2E-45

InterchangesAdvance Guide signs ..... 2E-37arrows for guide signs ..... 2E-13classification of ..... 2E-33closely-spaced ..... 2E-44, 2E-53cloverleaf ..... 2E-49, 2E-50, 2E-51, 2E-52cloverleaf with collector-distributor roadways ..... 2E-49community identification ..... 2E-45defined ..... 1A-18diamond ..... 2E-53, 2E-54, 2E-55double-exit ..... 2J-7Exit Direction signs ..... 2E-40Exit Gore signs ..... 2E-42exit numbering ..... 2E-32

freeway-to-freeway ..... 2E-46, 2E-47, 2E-48guide signs ..... 2E-32intermediate ..... 1A-18, 2E-33lane drops signing ..... 2E-26letter size for guide signs ..... 2E-6, 2E-8, 2E-9, 2E-10logo signs ..... 2J-6major ..... 1A-19, 2E-33minor ..... 1A-19, 2E-33, 2E-53multi-exit signs ..... 2E-39multi-lane exit optional lanes signing for ..... 2E-23partial cloverleaf ..... 2E-49Post-Interchange Distance signs ..... 2E-43post-interchange signs ..... 2E-43service signs ..... 2J-6, 2J-7signing by type of interchange ..... 2E-46signing for lane drops ..... 2E-26single-exit ..... 2J-6wrong-way traffic control at ramps ..... 2B-40, 2E-57

Interconnectiondefined ..... 1A-18

Interim Approval of devices ..... 1A-8Interline spacing ..... 2E-12Intermediate Interchangesdefined ..... 1A-18description of ..... 2E-33letter size for guide signs ..... 2E-6, 2E-8, 2E-9, 2E-10

Intermediate traffic incident ..... 6I-3Intermittent obstructions ..... 2C-23Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 .....

A1-1International Organization for Standards ..... iiInternational Symbol of Accessibility for the Disabled sign .....

3B-42Interpretation of Manual ..... 1A-5Interpretation, Request for ..... 1A-5Interpretive Trail sign ..... 2M-2Interruption of continuous trafficsignal warrant ..... 4C-2

Intersection Control Beacondefined ..... 1A-18

Intersection Lane Control signsAdvance Intersection ..... 2B-22applications ..... 2B-19combination Horizontal Alignment/Intersection ..... 2C-12DO NOT BLOCK INTERSECTION ..... 2B-52Mandatory Movement ..... 2B-20Optional Movement ..... 2B-21Straight Thru Only signs ..... 2B-21used with Keep Right signs ..... 2B-21

Intersection Warning signs ..... 2C-26, 5C-1, 9B-8Intersections. See also Intersection Lane Control signs; STOP

December, 2011

temporary raised ..... 6F-40use of ..... 3I-1

ITE. See Institute of Transportation EngineersITS. See Intelligent Transportation System

JJet Ski/Personal Watercraft sign ..... 2M-2Jughandle signs ..... 2B-26Junction Assembly ..... 2D-13Junction Auxiliary signs ..... 2D-9JunctionsCombination Junction sign ..... 2D-9Junction assembly ..... 2D-13Junction Auxiliary signs ..... 2D-9

KKayaking sign ..... 2M-2Keep Left signs ..... 2B-31KEEP OFF MEDIAN Signs ..... 2B-54KEEP RIGHT EXCEPT TO PASS sign ..... 2B-30Keep Right signs ..... 2B-31Kennel sign ..... 2M-2

LLane closuresCENTER LANE CLOSED AHEAD signs ..... 6F-14LANE(S) CLOSED signs ..... 6F-14near highway-rail grade crossing ..... 6J-12for striping and stripe removal ..... 6J-1on two-lane road using manual signal operation ..... 6J-11on two-lane road using signals ..... 6J-10on two-lane road using STOP signs ..... 6J-9

Lane Designation Auxiliary signs ..... 2D-12Lane Dropdefined ..... 1A-19markings for ..... 3B-15, 3B-16, 3B-17, 3B-18, 3B-19, 3B-20,

3B-21, 3B-23signing for ..... 2E-26

LANE ENDS MERGE RIGHT (LEFT) signs ..... 2C-25Lane Ends signs ..... 2B-30, 2C-25, 6F-14Lane Line Markings

signs; Traffic control signals; YIELD signsAdvance Route Turn Assembly ..... 2D-18Advance Street Name plaques ..... 2C-23, 2C-27, 2C-32bicycle lane pavement markings ..... 9C-2circular ..... 1A-15, 2C-27Combination Horizontal Alignment/Intersection sign ..... 1A-2Combination Horizontal Alignment/Intersection signs ........

2C-12Cross Road signs ..... 2C-27DEAD END signs ..... 2C-18defined ..... 1A-18at grade ..... 2E-32islands ..... 3I-1Junction Assembly ..... 2D-13MINIMUM MAINTENANCE ROAD signs ..... 5C-4NO OUTLET signs ..... 2C-18ONE WAY signs ..... 2B-35pavement markings extended into or continued through .....

3B-23, 3B-24, 3B-25Pedestrian Crossing Signs ..... 2B-49roundabout ..... 1A-22Side Road signs ..... 2C-27sign locations ..... 2A-15signs for low-volume roads ..... 5C-1Street Name signs ..... 2D-27Supplemental Arrow plaques ..... 2C-32T-intersections ..... 2C-26, 4D-6Two-Direction Large Arrow signs ..... 2C-27warning signs ..... 2C-26, 9B-8

Interstate Oasis signs ..... 2I-8Interstate Route signs"Establishment of a Marking System of the Routes Comprising


Intervaldefined ..... 1A-19

ISEA - The Safety Equipment Association ..... 1A-12"American National Standard for High-Visibility Public Safety

Vests" ..... 1A-12"American National Standard for High-Visibility Safety

Apparel" ..... 1A-12Islands, divisionalsign location ..... 2A-15

Islands. See also Median islands; Median refuge islandsapproach-end treatment ..... 3I-1channelizing devices with ..... 3I-1colors ..... 3I-1defined ..... 1A-19delineation ..... 3I-1Double Arrow signs ..... 2C-18marking application ..... 3I-1marking colors ..... 3I-1medians ..... 3I-2pavement markings ..... 3B-22pedestrian ..... 3I-2sign location ..... 2A-13

Index - 19

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 20

defined ..... 1A-19use of ..... 3B-8

Lane reduction transitiondelineators ..... 3F-1pavement markings ..... 3B-27

Lane shiftson freeways ..... 6J-13

Lane transitionstaper length ..... 3B-6, 3B-26

Lane(s) Closed signs ..... 6F-14Lanes. See also High-occupancy vehicle lanesAdded Lane signs ..... 2C-25LANE ENDS signs ..... 2C-25, 6F-14ONE LANE ROAD AHEAD signs ..... 6F-13opposing traffic lane divider ..... 6F-40Two-way Traffic signs ..... 2C-26UNEVEN LANES signs ..... 6F-19

Lane-use control signalsapplication of ..... 4M-1defined ..... 1A-19design of ..... 4M-2meaning of ..... 4M-1operation of ..... 4M-3

Lane-use markingsarrows ..... 3B-43

Large Arrow signsone-direction ..... 2C-12two-direction ..... 2C-27

Last Exit Before Toll warning sign ..... 2F-6Lateral buffer spacesin temporary traffic control zones ..... 6C-6

Lateral offsetfor freeway and expressway guide signs ..... 2E-27for signs ..... 2A-18

Laundromat sign ..... 2M-2Law Enforcementtemporary traffic control with safety for ..... 6D-4

LED. See Light-emitting diodesLEFT LANE MUST EXIT sign ..... 2B-22LEFT ON GREEN ARROW ONLY signs ..... 2B-51, 2B-52LEFT TURN YIELD ON GREEN signs ..... 2B-52Left turns ..... 4D-17LEFT LANE MUST TURN LEFT signs ..... 2B-20LEFT TURN YIELD ON GREEN signs ..... 2B-52permissive only mode ..... 4D-17protected only mode ..... 4D-17protected/permissive mode ..... 4D-17two-way left turn only lanes ..... 2B-22two-way left-turn lane markings ..... 3B-9variable left-turn mode ..... 4D-17WHITE ONE-WAY LEFT-TURN ARROWS ..... 4M-1, 4M-2WHITE TWO-WAY LEFT-TURN ARROWS ..... 4M-1, 4M-2

Left-turn lanes

longitudinal pavement markings ..... 3B-6Legends. See Design; Sign LegendsLens. See Signal lensLettering"Standard Highway Signs and Markings" ..... 1A-12“Standard Signs Manual” ..... 1A-12for word message signs ..... 2A-10school signs ..... 7B-1size for conventional road guide signs ..... 2D-4size for freeway and expressway guide signs ..... 2E-5Specific Service signs ..... 2J-6style for conventional road guide signs ..... 2D-3style for freeway and expressway guide signs ..... 2E-5tourist-oriented directional signs ..... 2K-2

Lettersedge spacing ..... 2E-12interline spacing ..... 2E-12

Lifejackets sign ..... 2M-2Light Bluemeaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13

Light Rail Transit Equipmentdefined ..... 1A-19

Light rail transit grade crossing traffic controladvance warning signs for ..... 8B-8automatic gates for ..... 8C-5bicycle signal/crossing for ..... 8C-11crossbuck assemblies with yield/stop signs for ..... 8B-4divided highway with light rail transit crossing sign with .....

8B-13do not pass light rail transit sign with ..... 8B-12DO NOT STOP ON TRACKS sign for ..... 8B-10dynamic envelope markings for ..... 8B-19emergency notification sign with ..... 8B-13EXEMPT plaque for ..... 8B-9flashing-light signals for ..... 8C-4four-quadrant gate systems for ..... 8C-5grade crossing (crossbuck) sign for ..... 8B-1grade crossing elimination for ..... 8A-3grade crossing illumination for ..... 8A-4light rail transit approaching activated blank-out warning sign

with ..... 8B-14light rail transit only lane sign with ..... 8B-11light rail transit station sign with ..... 8B-16LOOK sign with ..... 8B-13low ground clearance grade crossing sign with ..... 8B-15NO GATES OR LIGHTS plaque with ..... 8B-14no motor vehicles on tracks sign with ..... 8B-12NO TRAIN HORN sign with ..... 8B-14number of tracks plaque for ..... 8B-1pathway grade crossing for ..... 8D-1pavement markings for ..... 8B-16pedestrian signal/crossing for ..... 8C-11practices for ..... 8A-2purpose of signs for ..... 8B-1quiet zone treatments with ..... 8A-4rail traffic detection for ..... 8C-7

December, 2011

application ..... 2J-2double-exit interchange ..... 2J-7eligibility ..... 2J-1interchange ..... 2J-6letter and numeral sizes for ..... 2J-6logos/logo sign panels with ..... 2J-2number on one sign ..... 2J-5RV Access supplemental messages on ..... 2J-5signs at interchanges ..... 2J-6single-exit interchange ..... 2J-6size of sign assembly ..... 2J-5sizes of ..... 2J-5supplemental message ..... 2J-5trailblazer ..... 2J-7

Logosdefined ..... 1A-19local transit ..... 2D-37

Longitudinal buffer spacesin temporary traffic control zones ..... 6C-6

Longitudinal channelizing barricades ..... 6F-39Longitudinal markingsdefined ..... 1A-19patterns of ..... 3A-2with raised pavement markers ..... 3B-31white ..... 3B-3, 3B-4, 3B-9, 3B-10, 3B-11, 3B-12, 3B-13, 3B-

15, 3B-16, 3B-17, 3B-18, 3B-19, 3B-20, 3B-21, 3B-22, 3B-24, 3B-25, 3B-27, 3B-28, 3B-43

widths of ..... 3A-2yellow ..... 3B-6

LOOK FOR TRAINS sign ..... 8B-9LOOK signs ..... 8B-13Lookout Tower sign ..... 2M-2Loop routesinterchange exit numbering ..... 2E-32

LoopsOff-Interstate Business Route signs ..... 2D-7

Loose Gravel sign ..... 2C-21Low Clearance signs ..... 2C-19Low Ground Clearance Highway- Rail Grade Crossing signs .....

8B-15LOW SHOULDER sign ..... 2C-21, 6F-19Low speeddefined ..... 1A-24

Low speed roadwaydefined ..... 1A-19

Low-volume roads. See also Traffic control devices, low-volumeroads ..... 5A-1

application of traffic control for ..... 5A-1barricades for ..... 5C-4centerline marking for ..... 5E-1circular intersections warning sign ..... 5C-1crossroad warning sign for ..... 5C-1crosswalks for ..... 5E-1

signs for ..... 8B-1sizes of signs for ..... 8B-1skewed crossing sign with ..... 8B-16standard devices used for ..... 8A-2STOP HERE ON RED sign with ..... 8B-11STOP HERE WHEN FLASHING sign with ..... 8B-11stop lines for ..... 8B-19storage space sign with ..... 8B-15TRACKS OUT OF SERVICE sign with ..... 8B-11turn restrictions during preemption with ..... 8B-10uniform provisions ..... 8A-3wayside horn systems for ..... 8C-7yield lines for ..... 8B-19

Light Rail Transit Only Lane sign (R15-4) ..... 8B-11Light Rail Transit Station sign (I-12) ..... 8B-16Light Rail Transit Traffic (LRT)defined ..... 1A-19grade crossing traffic control for ..... 8A-1preferential lane markings for ..... 3D-1

Lighthouse sign ..... 2M-2Lighting ..... 6I-3use of emergency vehicle lighting ..... 6I-3

Lighting devicesfor temporary traffic control ..... 6F-45

Lightsin-roadway ..... 4N-1of movable bridge signals and gates ..... 4J-1of pedestrian signal heads ..... 4E-3

Litter Container sign ..... 2I-3, 2I-5Litter Receptacle sign ..... 2M-2Load limitsBridge and Structure Weight Limit signs ..... 2B-56Road Weight Limit signs ..... 2B-55Weight Limit signs ..... 6F-10

Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) ..... 1A-4LOCAL TRAFFIC ONLY Signs ..... 2B-54, 6F-9Local transit logoson PARK & RIDE signs ..... 2D-36

Locationsof Destinations signs ..... 2D-26of Distance signs ..... 2D-26of ONE WAY signs ..... 2B-35of reversible lane control signs ..... 2B-25of signs ..... 2A-13Specific Service signs ..... 2J-6tourist-oriented directional signs ..... 2K-5

Lockers/Storage sign ..... 2M-2Locomotive Horndefined ..... 1A-19

Lodging sign ..... 2I-3Lodging signs ..... 2I-4, 2I-7LODGING logo panel ..... 2J-1

Logo signs

Index - 21

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 22

dead end sign for ..... 5C-4defined ..... 5A-1delineators for ..... 5E-1design of traffic control for ..... 5A-1edge line marking for ..... 5E-1function of ..... 5A-1grade crossing traffic control for ..... 5F-1guide signs for ..... 5D-1highway-rail grade crossing traffic control ..... 5F-1hill sign for ..... 5C-2horizontal alignment signs for ..... 5C-1intersection warning signs for ..... 5C-1markings ..... 5E-1markings for ..... 5E-1narrow bridge sign for ..... 5C-2no outlet sign for ..... 5C-4no traffic sign for ..... 5C-4non-vehicular traffic warning signs for ..... 5C-3object markers for ..... 5C-4one lane bridge sign for ..... 5C-2pavement ends sign for ..... 5C-3pavement marking for ..... 5E-1placement of signs for ..... 5A-3regulatory signs for ..... 5B-1school area traffic control for ..... 5H-1side road warning signs for ..... 5C-1sign size ..... 5A-1speed limit signs for ..... 5B-1stop ahead sign for ..... 5C-2stop signs for ..... 5B-1temporary traffic control zones ..... 5G-1temporary traffic control zones for ..... 5G-1vehicular traffic warning signs for ..... 5C-3warning signs for ..... 5C-1yield ahead sign for ..... 5C-2yield signs for ..... 5B-1

LP-Gas signs ..... 2I-4, 2I-6LRT. see Light Rail Transit Traffic ..... 8A-1LTAP. see Local Technical Assistance Program ..... 1A-4

MM1-10 sign. see Eisenhower Interstate System signM1-9 marker. See Interstate Bicycle Route markersM2-1 sign. see Junction auxiliary signsM2-2 sign. see Combination Junction signsM3-1 - 4 signs. see Cardinal direction auxiliary signsM4-1, 1a signs. see ALTERNATE auxiliary signsM4-14 sign. see Begin Auxiliary signsM4-2 sign. see BY-PASS auxiliary signsM4-3 sign. see BUSINESS auxiliary signsM4-4 sign. see TRUCK auxiliary signs

M4-5 sign. see TO auxiliary signsM4-6 sign. see END auxiliary signsM4-7, 7a signs. see TEMPORARY auxiliary signsM4-8 - 10 signs. see DETOUR signsM5-1-2 signs. see Advance Turn Arrow auxiliary signsM5-6 Series. see Directional Arrow auxiliary signsMainline routesinterchange numbering ..... 2E-32, 2E-34, 2E-35, 2E-36

MAINTAIN TOP SAFE SPEED Sign ..... 2N-3"Maintaining Traffic Sign Retroreflectivity" ..... 1A-12Maintenancebicycle traffic control ..... 9A-1of temporary traffic control signs ..... 6F-7

Maintenance of devices ..... 1A-2Maintenance of signs ..... 2A-19Major Interchangedefined ..... 1A-19description of ..... 2E-33letter size for guide signs ..... 2E-5

Major Streetdefined ..... 1A-19eight-hour vehicular volume ..... 4C-2four-hour vehicular warrant ..... 4C-5pedestrian volume ..... 4C-7school crossing ..... 4C-7warning beacons ..... 4G-2

Major traffic incident ..... 6I-2Malfunction Management Unit. see Conflict monitorsdefined ..... 1A-19

Managed Lanedefined ..... 1A-19

Managed Lane signs ..... 2G-1guide signs for priced ..... 2G-28priced ..... 2G-26regulatory signs for priced ..... 2G-26sizes of ..... 2G-1

Mandatory Movement Lane Control signs ..... 2B-20Manual Lanedefined ..... 1A-14

"Manual of Traffic Signal Design" ..... 1A-12"Manual of Transportation Engineering Studies" ..... 1A-12Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devicesacronyms/abbreviations used in ..... 1A-26changes to ..... 1A-8conformance of standards ..... 1A-2definitions of words and phrases ..... 1A-14 to 1A-30evolution of ..... ivexperimentation with devices ..... 1A-5interpretation of ..... 1A-5Minnesota request for conditional use ..... 1A-10national standard for all traffic control devices ..... iiirelation to other documents ..... 1A-12request for interim approval ..... 1A-8

December, 2011

MINIMUM MAINTENANCE ROAD SIGNS ..... 5C-4Minimum Speed Limit signs ..... 2B-17Minimum Track Clearance Distancedefined ..... 1A-19

Minimum vehicular volumesignal warrant ..... 4C-2

Minimum Warning Timedefined ..... 1A-19

Minnesota Committee on Uniform Traffic Control Devicesfunction of ..... iv

Minnesota Department of Transportation"Mn/DOT Bikeway Facility Design Manual" ..... 9A-1Office of Systems and Support Services Map and Manual

Sales Unitaddress ..... iiOffice of Traffic, Security, and Technologyaddress ..... ii

Minnesota Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devicesconformance ..... ivevolution of ..... vtext headings ..... viuniform policy ..... iused by private agencies ..... i

"Minnesota Motor Vehicle and Traffic Laws" ..... iMinnesota Route Markerdesign of ..... 2D-7

Minnesota Sign Franchise Program ..... 2J-1Minnesota Statutes160.292 Specific Service signs ..... 2K-1160.80 Minnesota Sign Franchise Program ..... 2J-1169.06 Place and maintain traffic control devices ..... iii169.14 Speed limits ..... 2B-15169.16 Bridge speed limits ..... 2B-16169.346 ..... 2B-48169.06 Signs, Signals, Markings. ..... 1A-2169.022. Uniform application ..... 1A-3placement and maintenanceby local officials ..... 1A-3on trunk highways ..... 1A-3uniform application ..... 1A-3uniform system ..... 1A-2

Minnesota Traffic Engineering Manual ..... 1A-13Minor crossroadssign location ..... 2A-15

Minor Interchangedefined ..... 1A-19description of ..... 2E-33guide sign application ..... 2E-53letter size for guide signs ..... 2E-5

Minor Streetdefined ..... 1A-20eight-hour vehicular volume ..... 4C-2four-hour vehicular volume ..... 4C-5peak hour volume ..... 4C-5

Marina sign ..... 2M-2Markers. See also Islands; Tubular markersend-of-roadway ..... 1A-17object ..... 1A-20, 3C-1 to 3C-15raised pavement ..... 1A-22, 3B-30 to 3B-48

Markings. See also Curb markings; Object markers; Pavementmarkings

bicycle traffic control ..... 9C-1channelizing devices ..... 3H-1colored pavements ..... 3G-1colors ..... 3A-1curb ..... 3B-45delineators ..... 3F-1, 5E-1functions of ..... 3A-1island ..... 3I-1limitations of ..... 3A-1low-volume roads ..... 5E-1materials ..... 3A-1pathway grade crossing ..... 8D-1in school areas ..... 7C-1shared lane ..... 9C-5standardization of application ..... 3A-1toll plaza ..... 3E-1

Maximum Highway Traffic Signal Preemption Timedefined ..... 1A-19

MCUTCD. See Minnesota Committee on Uniform TrafficControl Devices

Mechanic sign ..... 2M-2Mediandefined ..... 1A-19KEEP OFF MEDIAN signs ..... 2B-54

Median islandslongitudinal pavement markings ..... 3B-6

MediansTTC - entrance ramp with crossover of ..... 6J-24TTC - exit ramp with crossover of ..... 6J-7TTC - on freeway ..... 6J-4, 6J-5median opening treatments for divided highways with wide

medians ..... 2A-19TTC zone - work within ..... 6G-8

MEDICAL CENTER signs ..... 2N-4Men's Restroom sign ..... 2M-2Merge signs ..... 2C-24MERGE Signs ..... 6F-14THRU TRAFFIC MERGE RIGHT (LEFT) signs ..... 6F-14

Merging tapers ..... 6C-8Message signs. See Changeable message signs; Word message

signsMetric system"Guide to Metric Conversion" ..... 1A-12"Traffic Engineering Metric Conversion Folders- Addendum to

the Guide to Metric Conversion" ..... 1A-12legislative requirements ..... A1-1

Index - 23

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 24

Minor traffic incident ..... 6I-3MN MUTCD. See Minnesota Manual on Uniform Traffic

Control DevicesMn/DOT ..... 1A-13Minnesota Traffic Engineering Manual ..... 1A-13

"Mn/DOT Bikeway Facility Design Manual" ..... 9A-1Mn/DOT publicationsordering information ..... 1A-12web address ..... 1A-12

Mode-Specific Guide Signs for Shared-Use Paths ..... 9B-17MOTOR-DRIVEN CYCLES PROHIBITED signs ..... 2B-34Motorboating sign ..... 2M-2Motorcycle plaque (W8-15P)temporary traffic control with ..... 6F-23

Motorcyclists' signs ..... 2C-21Motorist call boxes ..... A1-1Motorist Service signs ..... 1A-1Motorized Traffic signs ..... 6F-17Mounting of signsaccommodation of pedestrians with disabilities ..... 6F-7methods of mounting other than on posts ..... 6F-8for temporary traffic control ..... 6F-2, 6F-6

Mountingsfor signs ..... 2A-19

Movable Bridge Resistance Gatedefined ..... 1A-20design and location of ..... 4J-1use of ..... 4J-1

Movable Bridge Signaldefined ..... 1A-20

Movable Bridge Warning Gatedefined ..... 1A-20use of ..... 4J-1

Movable bridges"Standard Specifications for Movable Highway Bridges" .....

1A-12traffic control signals for ..... 4J-1

Movement Prohibition Signs ..... 2B-18Multi-Lanedefined ..... 1A-20

MUTCD. See Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices

NNamed highways ..... 2E-3signing of ..... 2E-3

Narrow Bridge signsfor low-volume roads ..... 5C-2use of ..... 2C-17

Narrow bridgestraffic control signals for one-lane, two-way facilities .....

4H-1National Committee on Uniform Traffic Control Devices ..... iiiNational Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances .....

1A-13address ..... ii"Uniform Vehicle Code (UVC) and Model Traffic Ordinance"

..... 1A-13"The Uniform Vehicle Code and Model Traffic Ordinance" .....

9A-1National Conference on Street and Highway Safetymanual for urban streets ..... iii

National Electrical Manufacturers Association-NEMA ..... 1A-13"NEMA Standards Publication TS 4-2005 Hardware Standards

for Dynamic Message Signs (DMS) With NTCIPRequirements" ..... 1A-13

National Highway System Designation Act ..... A1-1National Incident Management System (NIMS) ..... 6I-1National Intelligent Transportation Systemsdynamic message sign ..... 1A-15

National Network Prohibition signs ..... 2B-57National Network signs ..... 2B-57National Scenic Byways signs ..... 2D-45Nature Study Area sign ..... 2M-2NCHRP ..... 1A-13A Guide for Reducing Collisions Involving Pedestrians .....

1A-13NCSHS. See National Conference on Street and Highway SafetyNCUTCD. See National Committee on Uniform Traffic Control

Devices"NEMA Standards Publication TS 4-2005 Hardware Standards for

Dynamic Message Signs (DMS) With NTCIPRequirements" ..... 1A-13

Neutral Areadefined ..... 1A-20

New plaque ..... 2C-34NEW TRAFFIC PATTERN AHEAD (W23-2) sign ..... 2C-31NEW TRAFFIC PATTERN AHEAD sign (W23-2) ..... 6F-15Next Distance plaques ..... 2C-32Next Exit signsletter size for guide signs ..... 2E-5

Next Exit Supplemental signs ..... 2E-38NEXT SERVICES signs ..... 2I-7letter size ..... 2E-11use with General Services signs ..... 2I-4

NEXT X EXITS signsfor freeways and expressways ..... 2E-46letter size ..... 2E-11

December, 2011

NON-MOTORIZED TRAFFIC PROHIBITED signs ..... 2B-34Non-Vehicular signs ..... 2C-29No-passing zone markingstraffic direction transition in three-lane road with ..... 3B-6

Normal linesfunction of ..... 3A-2

North Central Institute of Traffic Engineers (NCITE) ..... ivNORTH. See Cardinal Direction auxiliary signsNumber of Tracks plaquefor highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8B-1

Number of Tracks signs ..... 5F-1Numbered Highway Systems ..... 2D-6"Establishment and Development of United States Numbered

Highways" ..... 2D-6guide signs for ..... 2D-6

OObject Markers. See also Markings ..... 2C-34, 5C-4bicycle traffic control with ..... 9B-18defined ..... 1A-20design ..... 2C-34for ends of roadways ..... 2C-36for obstructions adjacent to roadway ..... 2C-36for obstructions within roadway ..... 2C-35on islands ..... 3I-1for low-volume roads ..... 5C-4placement height ..... 2C-34Type 1 ..... 2C-34Type 2 ..... 2C-34Type 3 ..... 2C-34Type 4 ..... 2C-34

Obstructions ..... 2C-36adjacent to roadway ..... 2C-36approach markings ..... 3B-26, 3B-28, 3B-29bicycle lane markings for ..... 9C-1, 9C-10Double Arrow signs ..... 2C-18intermittent ..... 2C-23permanent ..... 2C-23roadway ..... 2C-36

Occupancy Requirementdefined ..... 1A-20

Occupantdefined ..... 1A-20

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) ..... ii,1A-13

"Occupational Safety and Health Administration Regulations(Standards - 29 CFR), General Safety and HealthProvisions - 1926.20" ..... 1A-13

Off-Interstate Business Route signsdesign of ..... 2D-7

Nighttime hoursNight Speed Limit signs ..... 2B-16

NIMS. see National Incident Management System ..... 6I-1No Bicycles signs ..... 2B-34, 9B-6No Parking Bike Lane signs ..... 9B-6

No Center Line sign ..... 2C-22NO CENTER STRIPE sign ..... 6F-20NO DRIVING ON SHOULDER sign (R4-17a) ..... 2B-32No Equestrians signs (R9-14) ..... 9B-6NO GATES OR LIGHTS Plaque ..... 8B-14No Hazardous Cargo signs ..... 2B-34No Hitchhiking signs ..... 2B-49NO MOTOR VEHICLES signs ..... 2B-34NO OUTLET plaque ..... 2C-18NO OUTLET signfor low-volume roads ..... 5C-4use of ..... 2C-18

NO PARKING 8:30 AM TO 5:30 PM signs ..... 2B-45NO PARKING ANY TIME signs ..... 2B-45No Parking Bicycle Lane signs ..... 9B-6NO PARKING BUS STOP signs ..... 2B-45NO PARKING EXCEPT ON SHOULDER signs ..... 2B-45NO PARKING EXCEPT SUNDAYS AND HOLIDAYS signs .....

2B-45NO PARKING LOADING ZONE signs ..... 2B-45NO PARKING signs ..... 2B-45NO PASSING ON SHOULDER sign (R4-18a) ..... 2B-32NO PASSING ZONE signs ..... 2B-26, 2C-26No passing zonesbuffer zones ..... 3B-6centerline markings ..... 3B-1, 3B-2, 3B-3, 3B-4minimum lane transition taper length ..... 3B-6pavement markings ..... 3B-4sight distances ..... 3B-6warrants ..... 3B-4

No Pedestrian Crossing signs ..... 2B-49, 4D-2No Pedestrians signs ..... 9B-6NO SHOULDER Sign ..... 6F-19No Skaters signs ..... 9B-6No Snowmobile signs ..... 2B-35NO STANDING ANY TIME signs ..... 2B-45NO STOPPING ON PAVEMENT signs ..... 2B-45No Traffic sign ..... 5C-4NO TRAIN HORN Plaque ..... 8B-14No Trucks signs ..... 2B-33No Turn on Red signs ..... 2B-52

Index - 25

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 26

Office of Systems and Support Services, Map and Manual SalesUnit

address ..... iiOffice of Traffic, Security, and Operationsaddress ..... ii

Office of Transportation Operationsprocess for experimentation with devices ..... 1A-5

Off-Road Vehicle Trail sign ..... 2M-2OK word message ..... 2B-21ON RAMPS plaques ..... 6F-14ONCOMING TRAFFIC DOES NOT STOP plaques ..... 2C-33One-direction large arrow signs ..... 2C-12ONE HOUR PARKING 9 AM-7 PM signs ..... 2B-45ONE LANE BRIDGE signs ..... 2C-17for low-volume roads ..... 5C-2

ONE LANE ROAD AHEAD signs ..... 6F-13One-lane, two-way facilitiestraffic control signals for ..... 4H-1

One-lane, two-way tapers ..... 6C-10One-lane, two-way traffic controlexample of ..... 6C-9flag transfer method ..... 6C-10flagger method ..... 6C-10pilot car method ..... 6C-11Stop control method ..... 6C-11tapers for ..... 6C-8temporary ..... 6C-10temporary traffic control signal method ..... 6C-11Yield control method ..... 6C-11

One-way roadwaysDO NOT ENTER signs ..... 2B-33WRONG WAY signs ..... 2B-33

ONE WAY signsat interchange exit ramps ..... 2E-57locations of ..... 2B-36Turn Prohibition sign replacement ..... 2B-19use of ..... 2B-35, 2B-36

One-way turnsWHITE TWO-WAY LEFT-TURN ARROWS ..... 4M-1

One-Way Left Turn Arrowlane use control with ..... 4M-1

ONLY word messages ..... 2B-22, 3B-39Open-Road ETC Lanedefined ..... 1A-20

Open-Road Tollingdefined ..... 1A-20

Open-Road Tolling Pointdefined ..... 1A-20

Operating Speeddefined ..... 1A-24

Operation of traffic control devices ..... 1A-2

Opposing Trafficdefined ..... 1A-20

Opposing traffic lane dividersfor temporary traffic control ..... 6F-40

Optional Lanes signingdesign of diagrammatic guide signs ..... 2E-19design of overhead arrow-per-lane guide sign ..... 2E-14intermediate/minor interchange multi-lane exit ..... 2E-23multi-lane exits ..... 2E-14splits ..... 2E-14

Optional Movement Lane Control signs ..... 2B-21Orangemeaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13

Orientation signsletter size ..... 2E-11

ORT lanetoll plaza markings for ..... 3E-1

OSHA. See Occupational Safety and Health Administration .....ii, 1A-13

OTHER TIMES messages ..... 2B-25Overhead Arrow-per-Lane Guide signs ..... 2E-14Overhead pedestrian crossing sign (R1-9) ..... 2B-12Overhead Signdefined ..... 1A-20design and construction of structural supports ..... 2E-26down arrows restricting lane use ..... 2D-5installation ..... 2A-17, 2E-26Intersection Lane Control signs ..... 2B-19letter size ..... 2E-5number of signs at one location ..... 2E-3Pull Through ..... 2E-3

Overlapping routesinterchange exit numbering ..... 2E-32

PPacedefined ..... 1A-24

Paddlesflagger control ..... 6E-1methods of signaling with paddles ..... 6E-7STOP/SLOW paddles ..... 6E-1, 6E-4, 6E-8

PARK - RIDE signs ..... 2D-36, 2E-39Park Route signsdesign of ..... 2D-8

ParkingBicycle Parking Area signs ..... 9B-16designation for persons with disabilities ..... 2B-48, 3B-38,

3B-42EMERGENCY PARKING ONLY signs ..... 2B-49

December, 2011

Pavement markings. See also Markings"Color Specifications for Retroreflective Sign and Pavement

Marking Materials” ..... 1A-12accessible parking space ..... 3B-38advance speed humps ..... 3B-46approach markings for obstructions ..... 3B-26arrows ..... 3B-40bicycle facilities ..... 9C-1bicycle lane ..... 9C-1, 9C-6, 9C-7, 9C-8center line ..... 1A-15, 3B-1, 5E-1chevron and diagonal crosshatch ..... 3B-22, 3B-46colored pavement as ..... 3G-1crosswalk ..... 3B-34curb ..... 3B-45do not block intersection ..... 3B-33dotted white line ..... 3B-14edge line ..... 1A-16, 3B-1, 3B-23, 5E-1extensions through intersections or interchanges ..... 3B-23,

3B-24, 3B-25function of ..... 7C-1, 9C-1functions of longitudinal pavement ..... 3A-2highway-rail grade crossings ..... 5F-2, 8B-16interim ..... 6F-41intersections ..... 9C-2island ..... 3B-22lane line ..... 1A-19, 3B-8lane reduction transition markings ..... 3B-26limitations of ..... 7C-1longitudinal ..... 1A-19, 3A-2, 3B-31no-passing zones ..... 3B-2, 3B-3, 3B-4for obstructions ..... 9C-5, 9C-10obstructions, approach markings for ..... 3B-26parking space ..... 3B-37, 3B-38patterns and colors on shared-use paths ..... 9C-1, 9C-2, 9C-3patterns of longitudinal pavement ..... 3A-2placement of temporary raised ..... 6J-2raised ..... 1A-22, 3B-30 to 3B-32, 6F-44reversible lanes ..... 3B-8right edge line ..... 3B-8route shields ..... 3B-41for school areas ..... 7C-1shared-use paths ..... 9B-14solid white line where crossing lane discouraged ..... 3B-14speed humps ..... 3B-46, 3B-47, 3B-48, 3B-49speed measurement ..... 1A-24, 3B-44speed measurement markings ..... 1A-24speed reduction ..... 3B-44"Standard Highway Signs and Markings" ..... 1A-12stop lines ..... 1A-24, 3B-32stop/yield for pedestrians ..... 3B-32symbols ..... 3B-38, 7C-1temporary raised ..... 6F-41temporary traffic control zones ..... 5G-1transverse ..... 1A-25, 3B-32white line ..... 3B-8white longitudinal ..... 3B-22, 3B-24, 3B-25, 3B-27, 3B-28,

3B-43widths of longitudinal pavement ..... 3A-2word messages ..... 3B-38, 7C-1

PARK - RIDE Sign ..... 2D-36Parking Area Guide sign ..... 2D-36parking space markings ..... 3B-37, 3B-38permissive ..... 2B-45reserved parking signs for persons with disabilities ..... 2B-48school area signs ..... 7B-11signs for low-volume roads ..... 5B-2

Parking Areadefined ..... 1A-20

Parking Area Guide signs ..... 2D-36Parking prohibition signsBicycle Parking Area signs ..... 9B-6design of ..... 2B-47DO NOT STOP ON TRACKS signs ..... 2B-49EMERGENCY PARKING ONLY signs ..... 2B-49emergency restrictions ..... 2B-49examples of ..... 2B-45for low-volume roads ..... 5B-2placement of ..... 2B-48school areas ..... 7B-11word messages ..... 2B-47

Parking signs (R7 series) ..... 2M-2PASS WITH CARE signs ..... 2B-30Passingcenterline markings ..... 3B-1DO NOT PASS signs ..... 2B-26, 2C-26no-passing buffer zones ..... 3B-6NO PASSING ZONE signs ..... 2C-26PASS WITH CARE signs ..... 2B-30

Passive Grade Crossingdefined ..... 1A-20

PATH NARROWS sign (W5-4a) ..... 9B-10Pathway Grade Crossingactive traffic control systems for ..... 8D-2defined ..... 1A-20detectable warnings for ..... 8D-1edge lines for ..... 8D-1flashing lights for ..... 8D-2markings for ..... 8D-1passive devices for ..... 8D-2practices for ..... 8D-1purpose of ..... 8D-1signs for ..... 8D-1standard devices for ..... 8D-1stop lines for ..... 8D-1

Paveddefined ..... 1A-20

PAVED plaque ..... 2C-16PAVEMENT ENDS signs ..... 9B-9for low-volume roads ..... 5C-3use of ..... 2C-20

Pavement markersraised ..... 1A-22temporary raised ..... 6F-44

Index - 27

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 28

for wrong-way traffic control at interchange ramps ..... 2E-57yellow centerline ..... 3B-1yellow longitudinal ..... 3B-6YIELD AHEAD ..... 3B-42yield lines ..... 3B-32

Pavements, colored ..... 3G-1Pay Toll Advance Warning sign ..... 2F-4Peak hoursignal warrant ..... 4C-5

Pedestrian Change Intervaldefined ..... 1A-20

Pedestrian Clearance Timedefined ..... 1A-20

Pedestrian controlaccessible signals/detectors for ..... 4E-7countdown signals for ..... 4E-5pedestrian detectors for ..... 4E-6, 4E-7, 4E-10pedestrian intervals for ..... 4E-3pushbuttons for ..... 4E-6signal heads for ..... 4E-1signal phases for ..... 4E-3

Pedestrian Crossing signs ..... 2B-49PEDESTRIAN CROSSWALK signs ..... 6F-11Pedestrian Facilitiesdefined ..... 1A-20

Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon ..... 4F-1application of ..... 4F-1circular red signal with ..... 4F-1circular yellow signal with ..... 4F-1CROSSWALK STOP ON RED sign with ..... 4F-3defined ..... 1A-21design of ..... 4F-1emergency-vehicle access with ..... 4G-1operation of ..... 4F-3

Pedestrian Intervals and Signal Phases ..... 4E-3Pedestrian Safety ..... 6D-3in temporary traffic control zones ..... 6D-3

Pedestrian Signal Headdefined ..... 1A-21

Pedestrian signal indicationsapplication of signal heads ..... 4E-1countdown ..... 4E-5design of ..... 4E-2height of signal heads ..... 4E-3illumination of ..... 4E-2location of signal heads ..... 4E-3meaning of ..... 4E-1"Pedestrian Traffic Control Signal Indications" ..... 4E-2size of ..... 4E-2

"Pedestrian Traffic Control Signal Indications" ..... 1A-12, 4E-2Pedestrian warningcolor code ..... 1A-13

Pedestrians

bicycle/pedestrian sign for ..... 9B-9PEDESTRIANS AND BICYCLES PROHIBITED signs .....

2B-33PEDESTRIANS BICYCLES MOTOR DRIVEN CYCLES

PROHIBITED signs ..... 2B-33PEDESTRIANS PROHIBITED signs ..... 2B-49Pedestrians. See also Crosswalks; School crossingsaccessible signals/detectors for ..... 4E-7control features ..... 4E-1crosswalk lines ..... 3B-34defined ..... 1A-20detectable edging for ..... 6F-39green signal indications ..... 4D-2In-Street Pedestrian Crossing sign ..... 2B-12In-Street Pedestrian Crossing signs ..... 2B-12island for ..... 3I-2No Pedestrian Crossing signs ..... 2B-50Pedestrian Crossing signs ..... 2B-49PEDESTRIAN CROSSWALK signs ..... 6F-11"Pedestrian Traffic Control Signal Indications" ..... 4E-2pushbuttons ..... 4E-6school crossings ..... 7A-1, 7A-3shared-use path ..... 1A-23sidewalks ..... 1A-23signal head ..... 4E-1, 4E-3State Law Stop for Pedestrians Within Crosswalk signs .....

2B-12stop/yield pavement markings for ..... 3B-32temporary traffic control considerations ..... 6D-1traffic control signals for ..... 4D-2USE CROSSWALK signs ..... 2B-50vibrotactile device for ..... 1A-25volume signal warrant ..... 4C-7WALK ON LEFT FACING TRAFFIC signs ..... 2B-49

Permanent obstructions ..... 2C-23Permissive Modedefined ..... 1A-21

Permissive only modePermissive Parking signs ..... 2B-45Persons with disabilities. See also Accessibility; Accessible

pedestrian signals"The Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines

for Buildings and Facilities (ADAAG)" ..... 1A-13"The Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines

for Building and Facilities (ADAAG)" ..... 6A-1, 6F-7The International Symbol of Accessibility for the Disabled

sign ..... 3B-42parking prohibition symbol ..... 2B-48parking space designation ..... 3B-38, 3B-39, 3B-42reserved parking signs ..... 2B-48

Pets on Leash sign ..... 2M-2Pharmacy sign ..... 2I-3, 2J-1PHARMACY logo panel ..... 2J-1

Phone signs ..... 2I-4

December, 2011

electric vehicle charging ..... 2I-3emergency medical care ..... 2I-3, 2I-5EMERGENCY SIGNAL AHEAD ..... 2C-29END ..... 2B-23EXCEPT RIGHT TURN ..... 2B-9EXCESS OIL ..... 2C-21FINES DOUBLE ..... 7B-5, 7B-10FINES HIGHER ..... 2B-17, 7B-5, 7B-10GRAVEL ..... 2C-16hospital ..... 2I-3hours ..... 7B-10HOV ..... 2G-12ICE ..... 2C-21last exit before toll warning ..... 2F-6NEW ..... 2C-34Next Exit ..... 2E-38NEXT X MILES ..... 2C-32NEXT XXX FT ..... 2C-32ON RAMP ..... 6F-14PAVED ..... 2C-16pay toll advance warning ..... 2F-5PHOTO ENFORCED ..... 2B-53, 2C-34Reference Location signs (D10-1 thru D10-3) ..... 9B-16RIDE WITH TRAFFIC ..... 9B-5ROUNDABOUT ..... 2C-27roundabout circulation ..... 2B-45SAND ..... 2C-16SCHOOL ..... 7B-3, 7B-10school areas ..... 7B-1SHARE THE ROAD ..... 2C-33, 9B-10STEEL DECK ..... 2C-21stop ahead pay toll warning ..... 2F-6supplemental arrow ..... 2C-32, 7B-3supplemental warning ..... 2C-31TO ONCOMING TRAFFIC ..... 2B-11toll plazas regulatory ..... 2F-3TRAFFIC CIRCLE ..... 2C-27TRAIL X-ING ..... 2C-28TRUCKS USE LOWER GEAR ..... 2C-32USE LOW GEAR ..... 2C-32van accessible ..... 2I-3, 2I-5WHEN CHILDREN ARE PRESENT ..... 7B-5, 7B-10WHEN FLASHING ..... 2C-23, 2C-29, 7B-5, 7B-10WHEN WET ..... 2C-21X MILES ..... 2C-32X% GRADE ..... 2C-32XX FEET ..... 7B-3xxx feet ..... 2C-32

Platooning ..... 4C-10Platoonsdefined ..... 1A-21

Playground signs ..... 2C-31Playground warningscolor code ..... 1A-13

Point of Interest sign ..... 2M-2Police sign ..... 2I-3

PHOTO ENFORCED Plaque ..... 2C-34Photo Enforced plaques ..... 2B-53Photo Enforced signs ..... 2B-53Physical Goredefined ..... 1A-21

Pick-Up Trucks sign ..... 2M-2Picnic Shelter sign ..... 2M-2Picnic Site sign ..... 2M-2Pictographdefined ..... 1A-21

Pictographs ..... 2A-3community wayfinding signs ..... 2D-43ETC account ..... 2F-2signs using ..... 2A-3

PiersDouble Arrow signs ..... 2C-18One-Direction Large Arrow signs ..... 2C-12Two-Direction Large Arrow signs ..... 2C-27

PIEV time. See Perception, Identification, Emotion, and Volitiontime

PILOT CAR FOLLOW ME Sign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 6F-24

Pilot car methodfor one-lane, two-way traffic control ..... 6C-11

Pinkmeaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13

Placement of signsauthority for traffic control devices ..... 1A-3for bicycle facilities ..... 9B-1parking prohibition ..... 2B-48recreational and cultural interest areas ..... 2M-4school signs ..... 7B-1standing prohibition ..... 2B-48stopping prohibition ..... 2B-48for temporary traffic control ..... 6F-2, 6F-6, 6F-8traffic control devices ..... 1A-2, 1A-3traffic control devices, low-volume roads ..... 5A-3warning signs ..... 2C-6, 2C-7YIELD signs ..... 2B-10

Plaque ..... 2E-38, 2I-5$XX FINE ..... 7B-5, 7B-1024-Hour ..... 2I-3advance street name ..... 2C-32Advisory Speed ..... 2C-10, 5C-3, 6F-23AHEAD ..... 7B-3ALL YEAR ..... 7B-3ambulance station ..... 2I-3BEGIN ..... 2B-23bike lane ..... 9B-4categories of ..... 2C-2CROSS TRAFFIC DOES NOT STOP ..... 2C-33defined ..... 1A-21educational ..... 2M-3

Index - 29

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 30

Police signs ..... 2I-4"Policies and Practices for School Safety Patrols" ..... 7D-1"A Policy on Geometric Design of Highway and Streets" .....

1A-12Portable changeable message signsfor temporary traffic control ..... 6F-25

Portable signsfor turn prohibition during certain time periods ..... 2B-19

Portable Traffic Control Signaldefined ..... 1A-21

Portable traffic control signals ..... 4D-46Post mounted delineators ..... 6F-44Post Office sign ..... 2M-2Posted Speed Limitdefined ..... 1A-21

Post-interchange signs ..... 2E-43Post-mounted flashing-light signals ..... 8C-3Post-Mounted Signdefined ..... 1A-21preferential lane ..... 2G-5

Postsfor signs ..... 2A-19

"Practice for Roadway Lighting" ..... 1A-12Preemptiondefined ..... 1A-21

Preemption controloperation of ..... 4D-41turn restrictions during preemption signs ..... 8B-10

"Preemption of Traffic Signals Near Railroad Crossings" .....1A-13

Preferential lanedefined ..... 1A-21toll plaza markings for ..... 3E-1

Preferential lane markingsbarrier-separated, non-reversible ..... 3D-2barrier-separated, reversible ..... 3D-2bicycle lane ..... 3D-1buffer-separated (left-hand side) ..... 3D-2buffer-separated (right-hand side) ..... 3D-2contiguous (left-hand side) ..... 3D-2contiguous (right-hand side) ..... 3D-7counter-flow on divided highway ..... 3D-7ETC account only lane ..... 3D-1HOT lane ..... 3D-1HOV lane ..... 3D-1light rail transit lane ..... 3D-1longitudinal motor vehicles ..... 3D-2symbols ..... 3D-1taxi only lane ..... 3D-1two or more same direction lanes ..... 3D-7word ..... 3D-1

Preferential Lane signs

advance regulatory signs for ..... 2G-10direct entrances guide signs for ..... 2G-23direct exits guide signs for ..... 2G-23egress from guide signs for ..... 2G-20guide signs for ..... 2G-12HOV plaque for ..... 2G-12initial entry point guide signs for ..... 2G-14intermediate entry point guide signs for ..... 2G-16lane ends regulatory signs for ..... 2G-11periods of operation regulatory ..... 2G-9post-mounted ..... 2G-5regulatory signs for ..... 2G-1scope ..... 2G-1sizes of ..... 2G-1vehicle occupancy definition regulatory ..... 2G-6warning signs on median barriers for ..... 2G-11

PREPARE TO STOP WHEN FLASHING signs ..... 2C-23Pre-Signaldefined ..... 1A-21

Pre-signalsinterconnected highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8C-8

Pre-timed Operationdefined ..... 1A-21

Priced Managed Laneguide signs for ..... 2G-28regulatory signs for ..... 2G-26

Primary Signal Facedefined ..... 1A-21

Principal Legenddefined ..... 1A-21

Priority Controldefined ..... 1A-21

Private Road Open to Public Traveldefined ..... 1A-21

Prohibitioncolor code ..... 1A-13

Prohibitive Circle and Diagonal Slashuse on recreational and cultural interest ares signs ..... 2M-3,

2M-4Propane Gas sign ..... 2I-3Protected Modedefined ..... 1A-21

Public law ..... A1-1Public nuisances ..... 1A-4Public Roaddefined ..... 1A-21

Public Telephone sign ..... 2I-3, 2I-7Public utility companiesplacement of temporary traffic control devices ..... 1A-3

Publicationsordering information ..... 1A-12

Pull-Through Signs

December, 2011

R3-1 - 4 signs. see Turn prohibition signsR3-1 sign. see No Right Turn signsR3-17 sign. see Bicycle Lane signsR3-18 sign. see No U-Turn/No Left Turn signsR3-1a, 3-2a signs. see Light Rail Transit-Activated Blank-Out

Prohibition signsR3-2 sign. see No Left Turn signsR3-3 sign. see NO TURNS signsR3-4 sign. see No U-Turn signsR3-5 - 8 signs. see Intersection Lane Control signsR3-5, 5a signs. see Mandatory Movement Lane Control signsR3-6 sign. see Optional Movement Lane Control signsR3-7 sign. see Mandatory Movement Lane Control signsR3-8 sign. see Advance Intersection Lane Control signsR3-9a, 9b signs. see Two-Way Left Turn Only signsR3-9c - i signs. see Reversible Lane Control signsR3a-10 thru 17 signs. see Preferential Lane signsR4-1 sign. see DO NOT PASS signsR4-2 sign. see PASS WITH CARE signsR4-3 sign. see SLOWER TRAFFIC KEEP RIGHT signsR4-4 sign. see BEGIN RIGHT TURN LANE YIELD TO BIKES

signsR4-5 sign. see TRUCKS USE RIGHT LANE signsR4-6 sign. see TRUCKS LANE signsR4-7 sign. see Keep Right signsR4-8 sign. see Keep Left signsR4-9 sign. see STAY IN LANE signsR4-10 sign. see RUNAWAY VEHICLES ONLY signsR5-1 sign. see DO NOT ENTER signsR5-1a sign. see WRONG WAY signsR5-2 sign. see No Trucks signsR5-3 sign. see NO MOTOR VEHICLES signsR5-4 sign. see COMMERCIAL VEHICLES EXCLUDED signsR5-5 sign. see TRUCKS (VEHICLES) WITH LUGS

PROHIBITED signsR5-6 sign. see No Bicycles signsR5-7 sign. see NON-MOTORIZED TRAFFIC PROHIBITED

signsR5-8 sign. see MOTOR-DRIVEN CYCLES PROHIBITED signsR5-10a sign. see PEDESTRIANS BICYCLES MOTOR-

DRIVEN CYCLES PROHIBITED signsR5-10b sign. see PEDESTRIANS AND BICYCLES

PROHIBITED signsR5-10c sign. see PEDESTRIANS PROHIBITED signsR6-1 - 2 sign. see ONE WAY signs

letter size ..... 2E-11"Purchase Specification for Flashing and Steady-Burn Warning

Lights" ..... 1A-13, 6F-45Purplemeaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13

Push Button for Green Signal sign ..... 2B-50Push Button for Walk Signal sign ..... 2B-50Push Button to Cross Street Wait for Green Signal sign ..... 2B-51Push Button to Cross Street Wait for Walk Signal sign ..... 2B-51Pushbuttondefined ..... 1A-21detector ..... 4E-6use of ..... 4E-6, 4E-7

Pushbutton Information Messagedefined ..... 1A-21

Pushbutton Locator Tonedefined ..... 1A-22

QQueue Clearance Timedefined ..... 1A-22

Quiet Zonedefined ..... 1A-22

RR1-1 sign. see STOP signsR1-2 sign. see YIELD signsR1-2aP plaque. see To Oncoming Traffic signsR1-3P plaque. see ALL WAY STOP signR1-5b, 5c signs. see Stop Here For Pedestrian signsR1-6a, 6b, 6c signs. see In-Street Pedestrian Crossing signs; State

Law Stop for Pedestrians Within Crosswalk signsR1-9a,9b signs. see STOP FOR PEDESTRIANS IN

CROSSWALK signs ..... iR1-10P plaque. see EXCEPT RIGHT TURN plaque ..... iR2-1 sign. see Speed Limit signsR2-2P plaque. see Truck Speed Limit signsR2-3P plaque. see Night Speed Limit signsR2-4P plaque. see Minimum Speed Limit signsR2-5 sign. see Reduced Speed Ahead signsR2-6aP plaque. see FINES DOUBLE plaque ..... iR2-6P sign. see FINES HIGHER plaque

Index - 31

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 32

R6-3, 3a signs. see Divided Highway Crossing signsR-7 Series. see Parking prohibition signs; Standing prohibition

signsR7-1 sign. see NO PARKING ANY TIME signsR7-3 sign. see NO PARKING EXCEPT SUNDAYS AND

HOLIDAYS signsR7-4 sign. see NO STANDING ANY TIME signsR7-5 sign. see ONE HOUR PARKING 9 AM - 7 PM signsR7-6 sign. see NO PARKING LOADING ZONE signsR7-8 sign. see RESERVED PARKING for persons with disabili-

ties signsR7-8a sign. see VAN ACCESSIBLE signsR7-107, 107a signs. see BUS STOP signsR7-9, 9a signs. see No Parking Bike Lane signsR7-201, 201a signs. see TOW-AWAY ZONE signsR-8 Series. see Parking prohibition signs; Stopping prohibition

signsR8-1 sign. see NO PARKING ON PAVEMENT signsR8-2 sign. see NO PARKING EXCEPT ON SHOULDER signsR8-3 sign. see NO PARKING signsR8-4 sign. see EMERGENCY PARKING ONLY signsR8-5 sign. see NO STOPPING ON PAVEMENT signsR8-7 sign. see EMERGENCY STOPPING ONLY signsR8-8 sign. see DO NOT STOP ON TRACKS signsR9-1 sign. see WALK ON LEFT FACING TRAFFIC signsR9-11 sign. see SIDEWALK CLOSED signsR9-2 sign. see CROSS ONLY AT CROSSWALKS signsR9-3 sign. see PEDESTRIANS PROHIBITED signsR9-3a sign. see No Pedestrian Crossing signs; PEDESTRIANS

PROHIBITED signsR9-3b sign. see USE CROSSWALK signsR9-4a sign. see No Hitchhiking signsR9-7 sign. see Shared-Use Path Restriction signsR9-8 sign. see PEDESTRIAN CROSSWALK signsR10-1 sign. see NO TURN ON RED signsR10-1 thru 21 signs. see Traffic signal signsR10-18 sign. see TRAFFIC LAWS PHOTO ENFORCED signsR10-19 sign. see Photo Enforced signsR10-22 sign. see Bicycle Signal Actuation signsR10-6 sign. see STOP HERE ON RED signsR10-13 sign. see EMERGENCY SIGNAL signsR11-1 sign. see KEEP OFF MEDIAN signsR11-2 sign. see ROAD CLOSED signsR11-3 sign. see LOCAL TRAFFIC ONLY signsR11-4 sign. see ROADS CLOSED TO THRU TRAFFIC signs

R12-1 thru 5 signs. see Weight Limit signsR13 signs. see Weigh Station signsR14-1 sign. see Truck Route signsR14-2 - 3 signs. see Hazardous Cargo signsR14-3 sign. see Hazardous Cargo Prohibited signsR14-4 sign. see National Network signsR14-5 sign. see National Network Prohibition signsR15-1 - 2 signs. see Highway-Rail Grade Crossing signsR15-4 sign. see Light Rail Transit Only Lane signsR15-5, 5a signs. see Do Not Pass Light Rail Transit signsR15-6, 6a signs. see No Vehicles On Tracks signsR15-7 sign. see Divided Highway With Light Rail Transit

Crossing signsR15-8 sign. see LOOK signsR16-1 symbols. see Seat Belt symbolsRA Series. see Accommodation Services signsRadiator Water sign ..... 2M-2Radios sign ..... 2M-2Radio-Traffic Information signs ..... 2I-12Rafting sign ..... 2M-2Rail Trafficdefined ..... 1A-22

Rail Traffic Detection ..... 8C-7RAILROAD CROSSING ..... 8B-1Railroad tracks. See also Highway-rail grade crossingsDO NOT STOP ON TRACKS signs ..... 2B-49

Railroad trainsdynamic envelope ..... 1A-16

Railroad Transit Grade Crossing Traffic Controladvance warning signs for ..... 8B-8automatic gates for ..... 8C-4bicycle signal/crossing for ..... 8C-11crossbuck assemblies with yield/stop signs for ..... 8B-4DO NOT STOP ON TRACKS sign for ..... 8B-10dynamic envelop marking for ..... 8B-19emergency notification sign with ..... 8B-13EXEMPT plaque for ..... 8B-9flashing-light signals for ..... 8C-3four-quadrant gate systems for ..... 8C-5gates for ..... 8C-1grade crossing (crossbuck) sign for ..... 8B-1grade crossing elimination for ..... 8A-3grade crossing illumination for ..... 8A-4LOOK sign with ..... 8B-13low ground clearance grade crossing sign with ..... 8B-15no motor vehicles on tracks sign with ..... 8B-12NO TRAIN HORN sign with ..... 8B-14number of tracks plaque for ..... 8B-1pathway grade crossing for ..... 8D-1pavement markings for ..... 8B-1

December, 2011

wrong-way traffic control at interchanges ..... 2E-57Ranger Station sign ..... 2M-2Rattlesnakes sign ..... 2M-2Reassurance Assembly ..... 2D-20"Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance

Evaluation of Highway Features" ..... 1A-13Recreational and cultural interest area signsaccommodations ..... 2M-1application ..... 2M-1by category ..... 2M-2design requirements ..... 2M-1educational plaques ..... 2M-3general applications ..... 2M-1height and lateral position of signs located within recreational

and cultural interest areas ..... 2M-6land recreation ..... 2M-1placement ..... 2M-4prohibitive slash, use of ..... 2M-4regulatory and warning signs ..... 2M-1scope ..... 2M-1services ..... 2M-1symbol sizes ..... 2M-3symbols installed beneath ..... 2M-13water recreation ..... 2M-1winter recreation ..... 2M-1

Recreational area guidancecolor code ..... 1A-13

Recreational Vehicle Sanitary Station sign ..... 2I-5, 2I-8Recreational Vehicle Site sign ..... 2M-2Recycling sign ..... 2M-2Reddelineators ..... 3F-1, 3F-3meaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13

RED ARROW signals ..... 4D-3, 4D-5meaning of ..... 4D-3

Red Clearance Intervaldefined ..... 1A-22

Red signal indicationsapplication of ..... 4D-4meaning of ..... 4D-2RED X ..... 4M-2

RED X signals ..... 4M-1Reduced Speed School Zone Ahead sign ..... 7B-11Reference Location signs ..... 2H-5interchange exit numbering ..... 2E-32

REGISTRATION CENTER signs ..... 2N-4Regulationcolor code ..... 1A-13

Regulationscolor code ..... 1A-13

Regulatory signs. See also SignsAdvance Intersection Lane Control ..... 2B-19, 2B-22

pedestrian signal/crossing for ..... 8C-11practices for ..... 8A-1purpose of signs for ..... 8B-1quiet zone treatments with ..... 8A-4rail traffic detection for ..... 8C-7signs for ..... 8B-1sizes of signs for ..... 8B-1skewed crossing sign with ..... 8B-16standard devices used for ..... 8A-1STOP HERE ON RED sign with ..... 8B-11STOP HERE WHEN FLASHING sign with ..... 8B-11stop lines for ..... 8B-19storage space signs with ..... 8B-15TRACKS OUT OF SERVICE sign with ..... 8B-11turn restrictions during preemption with ..... 8B-10uniform provisions for ..... 8A-3wayside horn systems for ..... 8C-7yield lines for ..... 8B-19

"Railroad-Highway Grade Crossing Handbook-Revised SecondEdition" ..... 1A-12

Raised islands, temporary ..... 6F-40Raised Pavement Markercolor of ..... 3B-30defined ..... 1A-22general ..... 3B-30, 3B-31illumination of ..... 3B-30, 3B-31illumination with ..... 3B-30retroreflectivity of ..... 3B-30, 3B-31spacing of ..... 3B-31substituting for other markings ..... 3B-31substituting other markings with ..... 3B-31supplementing other markings ..... 3B-31supplementing other markings with ..... 3B-31use of ..... 3B-30, 3B-31as vehicle positioning guides with other longitudinal markings

..... 3B-31vehicle positioning guides ..... 3B-31

Ramp Control Signaldefined ..... 1A-22

"Ramp Management and Control Handbook" ..... 1A-12Ramp meter. see Ramp control signal ..... iRamp Metering signs ..... 2B-53RAMP NARROWS signs ..... 6F-15Ramps. See also Exitsarrow markings to deter wrong-way entry ..... 3B-44channelizing line markings ..... 3B-22closed ..... 3H-1entrance ramp closure ..... 6J-21exit ramp closure ..... 6J-20median crossover for entrance ramp ..... 6J-24median crossover for exit ramp ..... 6J-7ON RAMP plaques ..... 6F-14RAMP NARROWS signs ..... 6F-15traffic control signals for freeway entrance ramps ..... 4I-1truck escape ramp delineators ..... 3F-1truck escape ramp signs ..... 2C-16

Index - 33

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 34

application of ..... 2B-1authority for ..... 6F-7bicycle ..... 9B-6Bridge Weight Limit ..... 2B-56colors used ..... 2A-9defined ..... 1A-22design of ..... 2B-1Divided Highway Crossing ..... 2B-41DO NOT CROSS DOUBLE WHITE LINE ..... 2B-31DO NOT ENTER ..... 2B-33DO NOT PASS ..... 2B-26, 2C-26emergency restriction ..... 2B-49excessive use of ..... 2A-1FENDER BENDER ..... 2B-58function of ..... 2A-2Hazardous Material ..... 2B-57headlight use signs ..... 2B-58highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8B-1illumination ..... 2A-3, 2A-4In-Street Pedestrian Crossing ..... 2B-12, 2B-13Intersection Lane Control ..... 2B-19jughandle signs ..... 2B-26KEEP OFF MEDIAN ..... 2B-54keep right and keep left ..... 2B-31KEEP RIGHT EXCEPT TO PASS ..... 2B-30LOCAL TRAFFIC ONLY ..... 2B-54low-volume roads ..... 5B-1Mandatory Movement Lane Control ..... 2B-20movement prohibition ..... 2B-18National Network ..... 2B-57NO DRIVING ON SHOULDER ..... 2B-32No Hitchhiking ..... 2B-49NO PASSING ON SHOULDER ..... 2B-32no turn on red signs ..... 2B-52ONE WAY ..... 2B-19, 2B-35, 2B-36Optional Movement Lane Control ..... 2B-21Parking Prohibition ..... 2B-45, 5B-2PASS WITH CARE ..... 2B-30Pedestrian Crossing ..... 2B-49photo enforced ..... 2B-53ramp metering ..... 2B-53recreational and cultural interest areas ..... 2M-1retroreflectivity ..... 2A-3, 2A-4Reversible Lane Control ..... 2B-23RIGHT (LEFT) LANE MUST EXIT ..... 2B-22ROAD CLOSED ..... 2B-54seat belt symbol ..... 2B-58Selective Exclusion ..... 2B-33size of ..... 2B-1slow vehicle turn-out signs ..... 2B-32SLOWER TRAFFIC KEEP RIGHT ..... 2B-30Speed Limit ..... 2B-14, 5B-1Standing Prohibition ..... 2B-45STAY IN LANE ..... 2B-31STOP ..... 2B-8, 5B-1Stopping Prohibition ..... 2B-45Structure Height Restriction ..... 2B-56Structure Weight Limit ..... 2B-56for temporary traffic control ..... 6F-7 to 6F-11

traffic control devices, low-volume roads ..... 5B-1traffic movement and prohibition ..... 5B-2traffic signal ..... 2B-51Truck Route ..... 2B-57TRUCKS USE RIGHT LANE ..... 2B-30Two-Way Left Turn Only ..... 2B-22WALK ON LEFT FACING TRAFFIC ..... 2B-49Weigh Station ..... 2B-57Weight Limit ..... 2B-55WRONG WAY ..... 2B-33YIELD ..... 2B-10, 5B-1

Removal of devices ..... 1A-2Reserved parking for persons with disabilities signs ..... 2B-48Resistance gatesfor movable bridges ..... 4J-1

Responsibility of devices ..... 1A-2Rest Area signsletter size ..... 2E-11

Restrooms sign ..... 2M-2Retroreflectivity ..... 2C-34, 5F-1"Color Specifications for Retroreflective Sign and Pavement

Marking Materials” ..... 1A-12bicycle traffic control markings with ..... 9C-1of channelizing devices ..... 3H-1cones ..... 6F-34Crossbuck signs ..... 5F-1, 8B-1defined ..... 1A-22of delineators ..... 3F-1of guide signs for freeways and expressways ..... 2E-2of guide signs for conventional roads ..... 2D-1of islands ..... 3I-1of markings ..... 3A-1means of ..... 2A-4of object markers ..... 2C-34of raised pavement markers ..... 3B-30, 3B-31school area traffic control ..... 7B-1standards ..... 2A-3street name signs ..... 2D-28of temporary traffic control signs ..... 6F-2traffic control devices, low-volume roads ..... 5A-3tubular markers ..... 6F-35

Reversible lane control signs ..... 2B-23, 2B-24, 4M-1Reversible laneslongitudinal pavement markings ..... 3B-6

RG Series. see General Information signsRIDE WITH TRAFFIC plaques ..... 9B-5Ridesharing signs ..... 2I-13RIGHT (LEFT) LANE ENDS signs ..... 2C-25Right (left) lane exit only ahead sign ..... 2C-25Right edge line markings. See also Edge line markingsuse of ..... 3B-22

RIGHT LANE MUST EXIT sign ..... 2B-22RIGHT LANE MUST TURN RIGHT SIGNS ..... 2B-21

December, 2011

in-roadway lights ..... 4N-1low speed roadway ..... 1A-19object markers for roadway obstruction ..... 2C-35overlapping routes with detour ..... 6J-18shared ..... 1A-23widening ..... 4B-2

Rock Collecting sign ..... 2M-2Roll-Up Warning signs ..... 6F-12ROUGH ROAD sign ..... 2C-21, 6F-22Roundabout ..... 2C-12bicycle lane not provided on ..... 9C-4circulation plaque ..... 2B-45defined ..... 1A-22destination signs at ..... 2D-22directional arrow signs ..... 2B-41One-Direction Large Arrow sign ..... 2C-12Two-Direction Large Arrow sign ..... 2C-27

Roundabout Circulation plaque ..... 2B-45Roundabout Directional Arrow Signs ..... 2B-41Roundabout markings ..... 3C-1approach and circulatory ..... 3C-1arrow ..... 3C-15central island extended ..... 3C-4central island non-extended ..... 3C-4crosswalk ..... 3C-15diamond interchange with ..... 3C-14edge line ..... 3C-15lane-use arrows ..... 3C-2one=lane ..... 3C-2other circular intersections ..... 3C-15symbol ..... 3C-15three-lane with three-lane approach ..... 3C-11three-lane with two- and three-lane approach ..... 3C-10three-lane with two-lane exits ..... 3C-12two linked roundabouts ..... 3C-13two-lane with consecutive double left turn ..... 3C-9two-lane with double left turn ..... 3C-7two-lane with double right turn ..... 3C-8two-lane with one- and two-lane approach ..... 3C-3two-lane with one-lane exit ..... 3C-5two-lane with two-lane exit ..... 3C-6white line ..... 3C-1word ..... 3C-15yield line ..... 3C-15

ROUNDABOUT plaque ..... 2C-27"Roundabouts-An Informational Guide" ..... 1A-12Route markersCounty Route Marker ..... 2D-8Minnesota Route Marker ..... 2D-7Township Route Marker ..... 2D-8U.S. Route signs ..... 2D-7

Route shield pavement markings ..... 3B-41Route Signs. See also Guide signs, conventional roadsbicycle ..... 9B-15for freeways and expressways ..... 2E-31

Right turnsNo Right Turn signs ..... 2B-18permissive only mode ..... 4D-25protected only mode ..... 4D-25protected/permissive mode ..... 4D-25variable right-turn mode ..... 4D-25

Right-of-way assignmentdefined ..... 1A-22

Right-of-Way Transfer Timedefined ..... 1A-22

RL Series. see Land Recreation signsRM Series. see Motorist Services signsROAD (AREA) USE PERMIT REQUIRED FOR THRU

TRAFFIC Sign ..... 2N-3ROAD (STREET) CLOSED AHEAD signs ..... 6F-13ROAD (STREET) WORK AHEAD sign (W20-1) ..... 6F-13ROAD CLOSED - LOCAL TRAFFIC ONLY signs ..... 2B-54ROAD CLOSED Signs ..... 2B-54ROAD CLOSED TO THRU TRAFFIC signs ..... 2B-54Road closureswith diversions ..... 6J-4, 6J-5, 6J-15with off-site detour ..... 6J-17safety with ..... 6D-4temporary ..... 6J-19

ROAD MACHINERY AHEAD signs ..... 6F-16Road May Flood sign ..... 2C-22ROAD NARROWS signs ..... 2C-16Road Userdefined ..... 1A-22

Road user services guidancecolor guide ..... 1A-13

ROAD WORK NEXT XX MILES signs ..... 6F-24Roads, conventional. See Conventional roads; Guide signs, con-

ventional roadsRoads. See also Expressways; Freeways; Highways; Roadways;

Streetspublic ..... 1A-21ROAD (AREA) USE PERMIT REQUIRED FOR THRU

TRAFFIC signs ..... 2N-3"Roadside Design Guide" ..... 1A-12, 4D-47, 6F-48, 6F-49Roadway networkdefined ..... 1A-22

Roadway network analysissignal warrant ..... 4C-11

Roadways. See also Two-way roadways"Practice for Roadway Lighting" ..... 1A-12approaches and connecting roadways signing ..... 2E-57cloverleaf interchanges with collector-distributor roadways .....

2E-49, 2E-51defined ..... 1A-22end of roadway markers ..... 1A-17high speed roadway ..... 1A-18

Index - 35

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 36

Routesoverlapping routes with detour ..... 6J-18

Rowboating sign ..... 2M-2RS Series. see Winter Recreation signsRumble Stripdefined ..... 1A-22

Rumble strip markings ..... 3J-1color of edge line associated with ..... 3J-1longitudinal ..... 3J-1transverse ..... 3J-1

Rumble stripscolors for ..... 6F-52in temporary traffic control zones ..... 6F-52

RUNAWAY VEHICLES ONLY sign ..... 2B-32Rural areas. See also Low-volume roads; Traffic control devices,

low-volume roadsCommunity Interchanges Identification signs ..... 2E-45guide sign characteristics ..... 2E-2

Rural arterialsedge line markings ..... 3B-23

Rural Highwaydefined ..... 1A-22

Rural highwaysAASHO manual for ..... iiipattern of longitudinal pavement markings ..... 3A-2RW Series. See Water Recreation signs

Rural intersectionsJunction Assembly ..... 2D-13

RV Access supplemental messages sign ..... 2J-5RV Sanitary Station sign ..... 2I-3

SS1-1 sign. see School signsS3-1 sign. see SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD signsS3-2a sign. see SCHOOL BUS TURN AROUND AHEAD signsS4-5, 5a signs. see SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD signsS5-2 sign. see END SCHOOL ZONE signsSafe-Positioneddefined ..... 1A-22

Safety apparelfor flaggers ..... 6E-1

The Safety Equipment Association"American National Standard for High-Visibility Safety

Apparel" ..... 1A-12"Safety Guide for the Prevention of Radio Frequency Radiation

Hazards in the Use of Commercial Electric Detonators(Blasting Caps)" ..... 1A-12

Safety. See also Pedestrians"American National Standard for High-Visibility Safety

Apparel" ..... 1A-12"Occupational Safety and Health Administration Regulations

(Standards - 29 CFR), General Safety and HealthProvisions - 1926.20" ..... 1A-13

"Recommended Procedures for the Safety PerformanceEvaluation of Highway Features" ..... 1A-13

activity area for ..... 6D-4experimentation with devices ..... 1A-8fire fighter/emergency responder ..... 6D-4high-visibility apparel for ..... 6D-4law enforcement use with ..... 6D-4lighting for ..... 6D-7pedestrian ..... 6B-2, 6D-1planning for worker ..... 6D-4road closure for ..... 6D-4shadow vehicle for ..... 6D-4special devices for ..... 6D-7temporary traffic barriers for ..... 6D-4training for worker ..... 6D-4worker ..... 6D-1worker safety ..... 6A-1, 6B-1, 6D-3

Sailing sign ..... 2M-2SAND plaque ..... 2C-16Sanitary Station sign ..... 2M-2Scenic Area signsletter size ..... 2E-11

Schooldefined ..... 1A-22

School Advance Warning signs ..... 7B-3School area traffic controlAdvance Warning signs ..... 7B-1color in signs of ..... 7B-1crossing supervision for ..... 7D-1crosswalk markings for ..... 7C-1established school crossings with ..... 7A-1height of signs for ..... 7B-1illumination for ..... 7B-1installation of signs for ..... 7B-1lettering for ..... 7B-1need for standards ..... 7A-1pavement markings for ..... 7C-1position of signs for ..... 7B-1reflectorization for ..... 7B-1routes with ..... 7A-1School Advance Crossing Assembly ..... 7B-5school crossing assembly ..... 7B-6school crossing criteria for ..... 7A-3school crossings ..... 7A-1, 7A-3scope ..... 7A-3signs for ..... 7B-1, 7B-3standardization of traffic control ..... 7A-1traffic control with school speed limits ..... 7B-10

SCHOOL BUS LOADING AREA sign (S3-X1) ..... 7B-9SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD signs ..... 7B-9

December, 2011

School Zone sign ..... 7B-3ALL YEAR plaque with ..... 7B-3END SCHOOL ZONE plaque with ..... 7B-3SCHOOL plaque with ..... 7B-3

Screensin temporary traffic control zones ..... 6F-53

Scuba Diving sign ..... 2M-2Sea Plane sign ..... 2M-2Seal Viewing sign ..... 2M-2Seat belt symbol ..... 2B-58Selective exclusion signs ..... 2B-33Semi-Actuated Operationdefined ..... 1A-23

Separate -Turn Signal Facedefined ..... 1A-23

Separation Timedefined ..... 1A-23

Sequence signsfor interchanges ..... 2E-44, 2E-45

Shadow vehicle ..... 6D-4Shapesfor signs ..... 2A-8

SHARE THE ROAD plaque (W16-1P) ..... 2C-33, 9B-10Shared-use Pathsdefined ..... 1A-23

Shared Lane Marking ..... 9C-5Shared Left-Turn/Right-Turn Indications ..... 4D-35Shared Roadwaydefined ..... 1A-23

Shared-use Pathcenter line markings for ..... 9C-3pattern/markings for ..... 9C-1signs and markings for ..... 9B-12, 9B-14signs for ..... 9B-1size of signs for ..... 9B-1

Shared-use path sign (R9-7) ..... 9B-7Shared-Turn Signal Facedefined ..... 1A-23

Shelter Directional Signs ..... 2N-4Shifting tapers ..... 6C-8Shoulderdefined ..... 1A-23

SHOULDER DROP OFF sign ..... 2C-21, 6F-19Shoulder Work signs ..... 6F-17Shoulderscolored pavement for ..... 3G-1NO PARKING EXCEPT ON SHOULDER signs ..... 2B-45SHOULDER WORK signs ..... 6F-17tapers ..... 6C-8

SCHOOL BUS TURN AROUND AHEAD sign (S3-2a) ..... 7B-9School bus warningcolor code ..... 1A-13

School crossingsadult crossing guards ..... 7D-1control criteria ..... 7A-3established ..... 7A-1operating procedures for adult crossing guards ..... 7D-1qualifications of adult crossing guards ..... 7D-1signal warrant ..... 4C-7signs ..... 2C-30types of supervision ..... 7D-1uniform of adult guards and student patrols ..... 7D-1

School Crosswalk Warning assembly ..... 7B-6School signsadvance crossing assembly ..... 7B-5color of ..... 7B-1colors used ..... 2A-9crossing assembly ..... 7B-6END SCHOOL ZONE ..... 7B-3FINES DOUBLE plaque ..... 7B-5FINES HIGHER plaque ..... 7B-5four applications of ..... 7B-3height of ..... 7B-1HIGHER FINES ZONE plaque ..... 7B-5illumination for ..... 7B-1installation of ..... 7B-1in-street ..... 7B-6lettering for ..... 7B-1parking ..... 7B-11position of ..... 7B-1Reduced Speed School Zone Ahead signs ..... 7B-11retroreflection for ..... 7B-1School Advance Warning ..... 7B-3SCHOOL BUS LOADING AREA ..... 7B-9SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD ..... 7B-9SCHOOL BUS TURN AROUND AHEAD ..... 7B-9School Crosswalk Warning assembly ..... 7B-6School Speed Limit assembly ..... 7B-10size of ..... 7B-1stop ..... 7B-6stopping ..... 7B-11yield ..... 7B-6zone ..... 7B-3

School Speed Limit assembly ..... 7B-10$XX fine plaque for ..... 7B-10end higher fines zone sign for ..... 7B-10end school speed limit assembly sign for ..... 7B-10end school zone sign for ..... 7B-10fines double plaque for ..... 7B-10fines higher plaque for ..... 7B-10

School warningcolor code ..... 1A-13

SCHOOL word marking ..... 7C-1School Zonedefined ..... 1A-23

Index - 37

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 38

Showers sign ..... 2M-2Side Road signs ..... 2C-12, 2C-27SIDEWALK CLOSED signs ..... 2B-55, 6F-11Sidewalksclosures ..... 6D-1, 6F-11defined ..... 1A-23

Sight distancesstopping sight distances as a function of speed ..... 6C-6, 6E-9

Sign AssemblyAdvance Route Turn ..... 2D-18Confirming ..... 2D-20defined ..... 1A-23Directional ..... 2D-19Junction ..... 2D-13Reassurance ..... 2D-20route signs ..... 2D-12, 2E-31School Crosswalk Warning ..... 7B-6School Speed Limit ..... 7B-10Trailblazer ..... 2D-21, 2E-31

Sign Illuminationdefined ..... 1A-23

Sign installationoverhead signs ..... 2A-17school signs ..... 7B-1

Sign legends. See also Designamount of legend on conventional road guide signs ..... 2D-5amount of legend on freeway and expressway road guide signs

..... 2E-3colors used ..... 2A-9defined ..... 1A-23designation of destinations ..... 2E-5EVACUATION ROUTE ..... 2N-2on parking signs ..... 2B-47principal legend ..... 1A-21for reversible lane control signs ..... 2B-23

Sign Paneldefined ..... 1A-23

Sign spreading ..... 2E-3Signal Ahead sign ..... 2C-23Signal Backplatedefined ..... 1A-23

Signal Coordinationdefined ..... 1A-23

Signal Facefor bicycle facilities ..... 9D-1defined ..... 1A-23

Signal facesaiming of ..... 4D-12clearance of ..... 4D-17lane-use control signals ..... 4M-2lateral offset of ..... 4D-17lateral position of ..... 4D-14longitudinal positioning of ..... 4D-14

mounting height ..... 4D-16separate left-turn ..... 4D-18shared ..... 4D-17shielding of ..... 4D-12U-turn ..... 4D-7visibility of ..... 4D-12

Signal Headdefined ..... 1A-23

Signal headspedestrian ..... 4E-1

Signal Housingdefined ..... 1A-23

Signal Indicationdefined ..... 1A-23

Signal indications. See also specific types of indications, e.g.,Red signal indications ..... 4D-7

approaches with shared turn lanes ..... 4D-35color of ..... 4D-7design of ..... 4D-7illumination of ..... 4D-7lane-use control signal indications ..... 4M-1left turn movements ..... 4D-17permissive only mode ..... 4D-18, 4D-26positions of ..... 4D-8, 4D-9, 4D-10protected only mode ..... 4D-21, 4D-30protected/permissive ..... 4D-32, 4D-35protected/permissive mode ..... 4D-22right turn movements ..... 4D-25shape of ..... 4D-7size of ..... 4D-8

Signal Lensdefined ..... 1A-23

Signal Louverdefined ..... 1A-23

Signal Phasedefined ..... 1A-23

Signal Sectiondefined ..... 1A-23

Signal Systemdefined ..... 1A-23

Signal Timingdefined ..... 1A-23

"Signal Timing Manual" ..... 1A-12Signal Visordefined ..... 1A-23

Signal warrantsfor bicycle facilities ..... 9D-1Warrant 1 - Eight-Hour Vehicular Volume ..... 4C-2Warrant 2 - Four-Hour Vehicular Volume ..... 4C-5Warrant 3 - Peak Hour ..... 4C-5Warrant 4 - Pedestrian Volume ..... 4C-7Warrant 5 - School Crossing ..... 4C-7

December, 2011

spacing of ..... 2A-13Specific Service ..... 1A-1standardization of application ..... 2A-1standardization of location ..... 2A-13STOP ..... 2B-8, 2B-9Stop Ahead ..... 2C-23symbols ..... 2A-7for temporary traffic control ..... 6F-1tourist-oriented directional ..... 2K-1uniform system ..... 1A-2uniformity in design ..... 2A-2word messages ..... 2A-2, 2A-10

Simultaneous Preemptiondefined ..... 1A-24

Single-exit interchanges ..... 2J-6Size of letteringguide signs, freeways and expressways ..... 2E-5

Size of signsguide signs, conventional roads ..... 2D-1guide signs, freeways and expressways ..... 2E-5highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8B-1on low-volume roads ..... 5A-1pedestrian signal indications ..... 4E-2recreational and cultural interest area symbol signs ..... 2M-3regulatory signs ..... 2B-1school signs ..... 7B-1for shared-use paths ..... 9B-1for temporary traffic control ..... 6F-1, 6F-2warning signs ..... 2C-6

Skateboarding sign ..... 2M-2Skewed Crossing Signfor highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8B-16

Ski Jumping sign ..... 2M-2Sledding sign ..... 2M-2Sleeping Shelter sign ..... 2M-2Slippery When Wet sign ..... 2C-21SLOW TRAFFIC AHEAD signs ..... 6F-15Slow Vehicle Turn-Out sign ..... 2D-43Slow Vehicle Turn-Out signs ..... 2B-32SLOWER TRAFFIC KEEP RIGHT signs ..... 2B-30Smoking sign ..... 2M-2Snack Bar sign ..... 2M-2Snow Tubing sign ..... 2M-2Snowboarding sign ..... 2M-2Snowmobiling sign ..... 2M-2Snowshoeing sign ..... 2M-2SOFT SHOULDER Sign ..... 6F-19Solid lineslane line markings ..... 3B-14

SOUTH. See Cardinal direction auxiliary signs

Warrant 6 - Coordinated Signal System ..... 4C-10Warrant 7 - Crash Experience ..... 4C-10Warrant 8 - Roadway Network ..... 4C-11Warrant 9 - Intersection Near a Grade Crossing ..... 4C-11

"Signalized Intersections: an Informational Guide" ..... 1A-12Signals. See also Flashing-light Signals; Freeway Entrance

Ramps control signals; Highway Traffic Signal; Lane-useControl Signals; Light Rail Transit Signals; PedestrianSignal Heads; Traffic Control Signal

bicycle traffic control ..... 9D-1lane-use control signal ..... 1A-19ramp control ..... 1A-22

Signingdefined ..... 1A-23

Signs. See also Guide signs, conventional roads; Guide signs,freeways and expressways; Highway signs; Regulatorysigns; Warning signs

background colors ..... 2A-9bicycle traffic control ..... 9B-1borders ..... 2A-11, 2E-12changeable message signs ..... 1A-15, 2L-1classification of ..... 2A-2colors ..... 2A-5, 2A-9defined ..... 1A-23definitions ..... 2A-1design of ..... 2A-2dimensions ..... 2A-7emergency management ..... 2N-1enhanced conspicuity of ..... 2A-11excessive use of ..... 2A-1function and purpose ..... 2A-1guide ..... 1A-17, 2A-2height of ..... 2A-14highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8B-1illumination ..... 2A-3, 2A-4lateral locations ..... 2A-14lateral offset ..... 2A-18legend colors ..... 2A-9legends ..... 2A-2legislative requirements ..... A1-2lettering ..... 2A-11location of ..... 2A-13, 2A-14, 2A-15maintenance ..... 2A-19median opening treatments for divided highways with wide

medians ..... 2A-19mounting height ..... 2A-17, 7B-1, 9B-1mounting of ..... 2A-19mountings ..... 9B-1orientation of ..... 2A-19overhead sign installations ..... 2A-17pictographs on ..... 2A-3posts ..... 2A-19principal legend ..... 1A-21purpose of ..... 2A-1recreational and cultural interest area signs ..... 2M-1school area traffic control ..... 7B-1shapes ..... 2A-5, 2A-8

Index - 39

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 40

Special Purpose Roaddefined ..... 1A-24

Specific Service signs. See also Logo signs ..... 2M-1advance signs ..... 2K-5classification ..... 1A-1design ..... 2K-1eligibility ..... 2K-1examples of ..... 2K-3intersection approach ..... 2K-4letter size ..... 2K-2recreational and cultural interest area signs for ..... 2M-1sign locations ..... 2K-5size of signs ..... 2K-2state policy ..... 2K-5

Specific Service signs. See Logo signsSpeedadvisory speed signs ..... 2C-13defined ..... 1A-24Exit Speed signs ..... 2C-13, 2C-15measurement markings ..... 3B-44Ramp Speed signs ..... 2C-13, 2C-15as traffic control device consideration ..... 1A-1

Speed hump markings ..... 3B-46advance ..... 3B-46with crosswalk ..... 3B-48without crosswalk ..... 3B-47

SPEED HUMP signs ..... 2C-20Speed Limitadvisory speeds ..... 6H-1defined ..... 1A-24request for authorization ..... 2B-15temporary in a construction zone ..... 6H-1in temporary traffic control zones ..... 6H-1in a work zone ..... 6H-2

Speed Limit Sign Beacon ..... 4L-2defined ..... 1A-24use of ..... 4L-2

Speed Limit signsBridge speed limit ..... 2B-16in construction zones ..... 6H-1for low-volume roads ..... 5B-1MAINTAIN TOP SAFE SPEED signs ..... 2N-3Minimum speed limit ..... 2B-17Night speed limit ..... 2B-16School Speed Limit assembly ..... 7B-10standard for ..... 2B-14for temporary speed zone ..... 6H-2Truck speed limit ..... 2B-16use of ..... 5B-1in a work zone ..... 6H-2

Speed Measurement Markingsdefined ..... 1A-24

Speed measurement pavement markings ..... 3B-44Speed reduction pavement markings ..... 3B-44Speed Reduction signs ..... 2C-24

Speed Zonedefined ..... 1A-24End Speed Zone sign ..... 2B-17END WORK SPEED ZONE sign ..... 2B-17ending ..... 2B-17

Spelunking/Caves sign ..... 2M-2Splitter Islanddefined ..... 1A-24

Spursinterchange exit numbering ..... 2E-33Off-Interstate Business Route signs ..... 2D-7

Stable sign ..... 2M-2"Standard Highway Signs and Markings" ..... i, 2A-2, 4E-2"Standard Alphabets for Highway Signs and Pavement Markings"

..... 1A-12"Standard Signs Manual" ..... i, 1A-12, 2A-2"Standard Specifications for Movable Highway Bridges" .....

1A-12Standing prohibition signsdesign of ..... 2B-47examples of ..... 2B-45placement of ..... 2B-48

State Law signs ..... 2B-59State Law Stop for Pedestrians Within Crosswalk signs ..... 2B-12State Route signsdesign of ..... 2D-7

Station Crossingdefined ..... 1A-24

Statutory Speed Limitdefined ..... 1A-24

STAY IN LANE sign ..... 2B-31STAY IN LANE signs ..... 6F-10Stay on Trail sign ..... 2M-2Steady Modedefined ..... 1A-24

Steady signal indicationsapplication of ..... 4D-4meaning of ..... 4D-2

Steady-burn electric lampsfor temporary traffic control ..... 6F-46

STEEL DECK plaque ..... 2C-21STEEL PLATE AHEAD sign (W8-24) ..... 6F-19Stopcolor code ..... 1A-13

Stop Ahead Pay Toll Warning sign ..... 2F-5Stop Ahead signsat highway-rail grade crossings ..... 5F-2for low-volume roads ..... 5C-2use of ..... 2C-23

Stop Beacon ..... 4L-2

December, 2011

minor ..... 1A-20Street Name signs ..... 2D-27urban ..... 1A-25

Stripeson barricades ..... 6F-37legislative requirements ..... A1-2NO CENTER STRIPS signs ..... 6F-20

Strollers sign ..... 2M-2Student patrolsSuburban areasCommunity Interchanges Identification signs ..... 2E-45

Supplemental guide signsletter size ..... 2E-11Next Exit ..... 2E-38

supplemental messages on ..... 2J-2Supplemental plaquesmandatory movement lanes ..... 2B-20reversible lane control ..... 2B-25

Supplemental Signal Facedefined ..... 1A-24

Supplemental signs"The AASHTO Guidelines for the Selection of Supplemental

Guide Signs for Traffic Generators Adjacent toFreeways" ..... 2E-39

freeway and expressway guide signs ..... 2E-38 to 2E-39Supplemental warning plaquesAdvance Street Name ..... 2C-32Advisory Speed ..... 2C-16, 5C-3arrow ..... 2C-32CROSS TRAFFIC DOES NOT STOP ..... 2C-33design of ..... 2C-31distance ..... 2C-32, 6F-23EMERGENCY SIGNAL AHEAD ..... 2C-29grade of hills ..... 2C-14Hill-Related ..... 2C-32minimum size of ..... 2C-6new ..... 2C-34Non-vehicular signs ..... 2C-29PHOTO ENFORCED ..... 2C-34for runaway vehicle ramps ..... 2C-16SHARE THE ROAD ..... 2C-33, 9B-10supplemental arrow ..... 2C-32for temporary traffic control ..... 6F-23truck escape ramps ..... 2C-16use with warning signs ..... 2C-31warning signs ..... 2C-2

Surface condition signs ..... 2C-21Surface mounted delineators ..... 6F-35Surfing sign ..... 2M-2SURVEY CREW signs ..... 6F-17Swimming sign ..... 2M-2Symboldefined ..... 1A-24

defined ..... 1A-24use of ..... 4L-2

Stop here for pedestrians pavement markings ..... 3B-33Stop Here for Pedestrians sign ..... 2B-11STOP HERE ON RED signs ..... 8B-11STOP HERE WHEN FLASHING sign ..... 8B-11Stop linesdefined ..... 1A-24highway rail grade crossings with ..... 8B-19light rail grade crossing traffic control with ..... 8B-19pathway grade crossing ..... 8D-1railroad grade crossings traffic control with ..... 8B-19use of ..... 3B-32

Stop or Yield Control Method ..... 6C-11STOP signsapplications ..... 2B-9at highway-LRT grade crossings ..... 8B-7at passive grade crossings ..... 8B-4BE PREPARED TO STOP signs ..... 2C-23for bicycle facilities ..... 9B-4colored pavement for approaches ..... 3G-1crossbuck assemblies with ..... 8B-4design ..... 2B-8at highway-rail grade crossings ..... 5F-2for low-volume roads ..... 5B-1multi-way ..... 2B-9one-lane, two-way traffic control ..... 6C-11placement ..... 2B-10use of ..... 5B-1

STOP/SLOW Automated Assistance Devices ..... 6E-5example of use of ..... 6E-4gate arms with ..... 6E-5WAIT ON STOP/GO sign with ..... 6E-5warning lights for ..... 6E-5

STOP/SLOW paddles ..... 6E-1Stopping at school sign (R8 series) ..... 7B-11Stopping prohibition signsdesign of ..... 2B-47DO NOT STOP ON TRACKS signs ..... 2B-49, 8B-10EMERGENCY STOPPING ONLY signs ..... 2B-49examples of ..... 2B-46placement of ..... 2B-48

Storage Space signshighway-rail grade crossings ..... 8B-15

Straight Through Only signs ..... 2B-21Street Name signs ..... 2D-27Streets. See also Highways; RoadsAdvance Street Name plaques ..... 2C-27, 2C-32Advance Street Name signs ..... 2D-28arterial ..... 1A-14conventional road ..... 1A-16detour for closed street ..... 6J-17major ..... 1A-19

Index - 41

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 42

Symbol pavement markings ..... 3B-38Symbol signs ..... 2A-2carpool ..... 2D-37educational plaques ..... 2A-10freeway and expressway guide signs ..... 2E-12International Symbol of Accessibility for the Disabled sign .....

2I-4, 3B-42local transit logo ..... 2D-37Mandatory Movement Lane Control ..... 2B-20parking prohibition in disabled zones ..... 2B-48recreational and cultural interest areas ..... 2M-4, 2M-8, 2M-9,

2M-10, 2M-11, 2M-12temporary traffic control ..... 6F-16for traffic control devices ..... 2A-2

Symbolscategory chart for recreational and cultural interest area

symbols ..... 2M-2for signs ..... 2A-7pavement markings ..... 3B-37, 3B-38, 3B-40, 3B-42for pedestrian signal head indications ..... 4E-1preferential lanes ..... 3D-1roundabout markings with ..... 3C-15school area pavement markings ..... 7C-1seat belt symbol ..... 2B-58sizes for signs with ..... 2M-3used in typical layouts ..... 6J-ii

TT-intersectionsDivided Highway Crossing signs ..... 2B-41

Tapersbuffer spaces with ..... 6C-5downstream ..... 6C-8length ..... 3B-6, 3B-26length criteria for ..... 6C-7length determining formulas for ..... 6C-7merging ..... 6C-8one-lane, two-way ..... 6C-10shifting ..... 6C-8shoulder ..... 6C-8temporary traffic control with ..... 6C-8, 6C-9types of ..... 6C-5

TAs. See Typical applicationsTaxi only lanepreferential lane markings for ..... 3D-1

Techbrief: Safety Evaluation of Improved Curve Delineation .....1A-12

Technical Rock Climbing sign ..... 2M-2Telecommunication Device for the Deaf sign ..... 2I-3Temporary Traffic Control Devices

ADAAG guidelines for placement of ..... 6F-7advance warning signs for ..... 6F-11advisory speed plaque for ..... 6F-23arrow boards for ..... 6F-28barricades for ..... 6F-37BE PREPARED TO STOP sign for ..... 6F-22begin higher fines sign for ..... 6F-10BLASTING ZONE AHEAD sign for ..... 6F-18BUMP sign for ..... 6F-22CENTER LANE CLOSED sign for ..... 6F-14channelizing devices for ..... 6F-31cones for ..... 6F-34crash cushions for ..... 6F-52CREW WORKING AHEAD sign for ..... 6F-17delineators for ..... 6F-44detectable edging for pedestrians for ..... 6F-39DETOUR AHEAD sign for ..... 6F-13DIP sign for ..... 6F-22direction indicator barricades for ..... 6F-38double reverse curve sign for ..... 6F-20drums for ..... 6F-36END BLASTING ZONE sign for ..... 6F-18END DETOUR sign for ..... 6F-25end higher fines sign for ..... 6F-10END ROAD WORK sign for ..... 6F-24END WORK ZONE SPEED LIMIT sign for ..... 6F-10EXIT CLOSED sign for ..... 6F-15EXIT ONLY sign for ..... 6F-15EXIT OPEN sign for ..... 6F-15FINES DOUBLE plaque for ..... 6F-10FINES HIGHER plaque for ..... 6F-10flagger sign for ..... 6F-16floodlights for ..... 6F-45FRESH OIL sign for ..... 6F-16guide signs for ..... 6F-23HIGH SHOULDER sign for ..... 6F-19high-level warning devices for ..... 6F-30interim pavement marking for ..... 6F-41lane closed sign for ..... 6F-14lane ends sign for ..... 6F-14lighting devices for ..... 6F-45local traffic only sign for ..... 6F-9longitudinal channelizing barricades for ..... 6F-39LOW SHOULDER sign for ..... 6F-19MERGE sign for ..... 6F-14motorcycle plaque for ..... 6F-23motorized traffic sign for ..... 6F-17NEW TRAFFIC PATTERN AHEAD sign for ..... 6F-15NO CENTER STRIPE sign for ..... 6F-20NO SHOULDER sign for ..... 6F-19ON RAMP plaque for ..... 6F-14ONE LANE ROAD AHEAD sign for ..... 6F-13opposing traffic lane divider/sign for ..... 6F-40pavement marking for ..... 6F-41PEDESTRIAN CROSSWALK sign for ..... 6F-11pedestrian/bicycle detour sign for ..... 6F-25PILOT CAR FOLLOW ME sign for ..... 6F-24portable changeable message signs for ..... 6F-25post-mounted delineators for ..... 6F-44

December, 2011

accessibility considerations ..... 6D-3activity area ..... 6C-4advance warning area ..... 6C-2Advisory Speed plaque ..... 6F-23, 6H-1advisory speeds ..... 6H-1arrow boards ..... 6F-28authority for placement of devices ..... 1A-3automated flagging devices ..... 6E-2barricades, Type I, II, or III ..... 6F-37barriers ..... 6F-38, 6F-47BE PREPARED TO STOP sign ..... 6F-22bicyclists with ..... 6B-1blasting area signs ..... 6F-18BLASTING ZONE AHEAD sign ..... 6F-18buffer spaces ..... 6C-5BUMP sign ..... 6F-22CENTER LANE CLOSED AHEAD sign ..... 6F-14characteristics of signs ..... 6F-1closure notice sign ..... 6F-24color code ..... 1A-13colors used for signs ..... 2A-9components of ..... 6C-2, 6C-3cones ..... 6F-34crash cushions ..... 6F-52CREW WORKING AHEAD sign ..... 6F-17delineators, post mounted ..... 6F-44detectable edging for pedestrians ..... 6F-39DETOUR AHEAD sign ..... 6F-13detour for closed street ..... 6J-17detour for one direction of travel ..... 6J-18detour signs and markers ..... 6F-25detours ..... 6C-10, 6F-13, 6F-25devices for ..... 6F-1DIP sign ..... 6F-22direction indicator barricades ..... 6F-38diversions ..... 6C-10Double Reverse Curve signs ..... 6F-20drums ..... 6F-36elements of ..... 6C-1emergency-vehicle lighting for ..... 6I-3END BLASTING ZONE sign ..... 6F-18END ROAD WORK sign ..... 6F-24EXIT OPEN, EXIT CLOSED sign ..... 6F-15FINES DOUBLE sign ..... 6H-2firefighter/emergency responder safety with ..... 6D-4Flag Trees ..... 6F-30flagger control ..... 6C-10, 6E-1Flagger sign ..... 6F-16flagging devices, automated ..... 6E-2floodlights ..... 6F-45FRESH OIL (TAR) sign ..... 6F-16function of ..... 6A-1fundamental principles ..... 6B-1guide signs ..... 6F-23guidelines for ..... 6B-1high-level warning devices (flag trees) ..... 6F-30incident management areas ..... 6I-1inspections for ..... 6B-2

RAMP NARROWS sign for ..... 6F-15regulatory sign applications for ..... 6F-9regulatory sign authority for ..... 6F-7regulatory sign design for ..... 6F-7reverse curve sign for ..... 6F-20RIGHT (LEFT) LANE CLOSED sign for ..... 6F-14ROAD (STREET) CLOSED sign for ..... 6F-9ROAD CLOSED AHEAD sign for ..... 6F-13road closure notice sign for ..... 6F-24ROAD MACHINERY AHEAD sign for ..... 6F-16ROAD WORK AHEAD sign for ..... 6F-13ROAD WORK NEXT XX MILES sign for ..... 6F-24roadway lighting for ..... 6F-46roll-up warning sign for ..... 6F-12rumble strips for ..... 6F-52screens for ..... 6F-53SHOULDER DROP OFF sign for ..... 6F-19SHOULDER WORK sign for ..... 6F-17SIDEWALK CLOSED sign for ..... 6F-11sign characteristics ..... 6F-1sign maintenance for ..... 6F-7sign placement for ..... 6F-2SLOW TRAFFIC AHEAD sign for ..... 6F-15SOFT SHOULDER sign for ..... 6F-19special regulatory signs for ..... 6F-11STAY IN LANE sign (R4-9) for ..... 6F-10STEEL PLATE AHEAD sign for ..... 6F-19supplemental distance plaque for ..... 6F-23surface mounted delineators for ..... 6F-35SURVEY CREW sign for ..... 6F-17temporary lane separators for ..... 6F-39temporary raised islands for ..... 6F-40temporary raised pavement markings for ..... 6F-44temporary traffic barriers for ..... 6F-38, 6F-47temporary traffic control signals for ..... 6F-46THRU TRAFFIC MERGE RIGHT sign for ..... 6F-14TRAFFIC CHANGE AHEAD sign for ..... 6F-15TRAIL CLOSED AHEAD sign for ..... 6F-13tubular markers for ..... 6F-35TURN OFF 2-WAY RADIO sign for ..... 6F-18two-way traffic sign for ..... 6F-16types of ..... 6F-1UNEVEN LANES sign for ..... 6F-19UTILITY WORD AHEAD sign for ..... 6F-18vertical panels for ..... 6F-36warning lights with ..... 6F-45weight limit sign for ..... 6F-10weighted channelizers for ..... 6F-36work zone plaque for ..... 6F-10workers sign for ..... 6F-16

TEMPORARY Auxiliary Signs ..... 2D-11Temporary Lane Separatorstemporary traffic control with ..... 6F-39

Temporary raised pavement markersfor temporary traffic control ..... 6F-44

Temporary traffic control

Index - 43

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 44

interim pavement markings ..... 6F-41intermediate traffic in ..... 6I-3lane closure on two-lane road using signals ..... 6J-10lane closure on two-lane road using STOP signs ..... 6J-9lane closure on two-lane road with manual signal operation .....

6J-11Lane Reduction sign ..... 6F-14lane shift on freeway ..... 6J-13LANE(S) CLOSED sign ..... 6F-14lighting devices ..... 6F-45Local Traffic Only Sign ..... 6F-9longitudinal channelizing devices ..... 6F-39LOW SHOULDER sign ..... 6F-19major traffic in ..... 6I-2meaning of symbols on layouts ..... 6J-iimedian crossover for entrance ramp ..... 6J-24median crossover for exit ramp ..... 6J-7median crossover of freeway ..... 6J-4, 6J-5MERGE Sign ..... 6F-14mesh signs ..... 6F-2minor traffic in ..... 6I-3motorists with ..... 6B-1Motorized Traffic signs ..... 6F-17nighttime hours in ..... 6G-14NO SHOULDER sign ..... 6F-19normal roadway functions suspended then ..... 6A-1ON RAMP plaque ..... 6F-14ONE LANE ROAD AHEAD sign ..... 6F-13one-lane, two-way ..... 6C-10, 6C-11opposing traffic lane divider ..... 6F-40overlapping routes with detour ..... 6J-16pavement markings ..... 6F-41PEDESTRIAN CROSSWALK sign ..... 6F-11pedestrian safety with ..... 6D-1PILOT CAR FOLLOW ME sign ..... 6F-24placement of signs ..... 6F-2, 6F-6, 6F-8plans for ..... 6C-1portable changeable message signs ..... 6F-25position of advance warning signs ..... 6F-12post mounted delineators ..... 6F-44public relations ..... 6B-2, 6D-7purpose ..... 6G-1RAMP NARROWS sign ..... 6F-15regulatory sign applications ..... 6F-9regulatory sign authority ..... 6F-7regulatory sign design ..... 6F-7regulatory signs ..... 6F-1responsibility for ..... 6A-1ROAD (STREET) CLOSED AHEAD signs ..... 6F-13ROAD (STREET) CLOSED Sign ..... 6F-9ROAD (STREET) WORK AHEAD signs ..... 6F-13road closure with diversion ..... 6J-15ROAD MACHINERY AHEAD signs ..... 6F-16road user movement not inhibited with ..... 6B-1ROAD WORK NEXT XX MILES signs ..... 6F-24roadside safety with ..... 6B-2roll-up warning signs ..... 6F-12ROUGH ROAD sign ..... 6F-22rumble strips ..... 6F-52

screens ..... 6F-53SHOULDER DROP OFF sign ..... 6F-19shoulder signs ..... 6F-18SHOULDER WORK sign ..... 6F-17SIDEWALK CLOSED sign ..... 6F-11sign maintenance ..... 6F-7sign placement ..... 6F-2sign sizes ..... 6F-2signals ..... 4D-46SLOW TRAFFIC AHEAD sign ..... 6F-15SOFT SHOULDER sign ..... 6F-19special regulatory signs ..... 6F-11special warning signs ..... 6F-22STAY IN LANE sign ..... 6F-10steady-burn electric lamps ..... 6F-46Supplemental Distance plaque ..... 6F-23tapers for ..... 6C-5, 6C-8, 6C-9temporary raised islands ..... 6F-40temporary raised pavement markings ..... 6F-44temporary speed limit ..... 6H-1temporary traffic barriers ..... 6F-47temporary traffic barriers as channelizing devices ..... 6F-38temporary traffic control plans ..... 6C-1temporary traffic control signals ..... 6F-46temporary traffic control zones ..... 1A-24, 6C-2termination area of ..... 6C-8THRU TRAFFIC MERGE RIGHT (LEFT) sign ..... 6F-14training for ..... 6B-2transition area of ..... 6C-4tubular markers ..... 6F-35TURN OFF 2-WAY RADIO AND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CELLULAR PHONE sign ..... 6F-18Two-Way Traffic sign ..... 6F-16types of devices ..... 6F-1typical applications ..... 6G-1UNEVEN LANES sign ..... 6F-19UTILITY WORD AHEAD signs ..... 6F-18vertical panels ..... 6F-36warning lights ..... 6F-45warning signs ..... 6C-2, 6F-11Weight Limit signs ..... 6F-10weighted channelizers ..... 6F-36work zone speed limit ..... 6H-2worker safety with ..... 6A-1, 6B-1, 6D-3Workers sign ..... 6F-16

Temporary traffic control plans ..... 6C-1Temporary Traffic Control Signaldefined ..... 1A-24

Temporary traffic control signal method of one-lane, two-waytraffic control ..... 6C-11

Temporary traffic control signals ..... 4D-46Temporary Traffic Control Zoneactivities ..... 6G-1applications ..... 5G-1, 6G-1channelization devices ..... 5G-2channelizing devices ..... 6F-31components of ..... 6C-2

December, 2011

T-Intersection sign ..... 2C-26, 2C-27TO Auxiliary Signs ..... 2D-10Tolerance limitsfor colors ..... 1A-13

Toll Boothdefined ..... 1A-24

Toll Islanddefined ..... 1A-24

Toll Lanedefined ..... 1A-25

Toll Plazaadvance signs ..... 2F-11canopy signs ..... 2F-14defined ..... 1A-25ETC account-only lane markings for ..... 3E-1guide signs ..... 2F-7lane use control signals at ..... 4K-1markings for ..... 3E-1ORT lanes marking for ..... 3E-1regulatory signs ..... 2F-3traffic control signal at ..... 4K-1warning beacons at ..... 4K-1

Toll Road signsadvance signs for diverging alignment ..... 2F-14ETC account pictographs with ..... 2F-2ETC account-only auxiliary ..... 2F-6ETC program information ..... 2F-16pay toll warning ..... 2F-4purple background color with ..... 2F-2scope of ..... 2F-1sizes of ..... 2F-1stop ahead pay toll warning ..... 2F-5toll auxiliary ..... 2F-6toll plazas ..... 2F-3toll plazas advance ..... 2F-11toll plazas canopy ..... 2F-14toll plazas guide ..... 2F-7

Toll-Ticket Systemdefined ..... 1A-25

Tour Boat sign ..... 2M-2Tourist Info sign ..... 2I-3Tourist Information signs ..... 2I-4, 2I-11, 2I-12color code ..... 1A-13

Tourist-Oriented Directional signsadvance signing ..... 2K-2application ..... 2K-1classification ..... 1A-1design ..... 2K-1lettering style with ..... 2K-2location of ..... 2K-5purpose ..... 2K-1size of ..... 2K-2State policy ..... 2K-5warning signs on median ..... 2G-11

crossovers in ..... 6G-14defined ..... 1A-24, 6C-2highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8A-4interchanges in ..... 6G-14location of work in ..... 6G-5for low-volume roads ..... 5G-1markings ..... 5G-2modifications to fulfill special needs ..... 6G-5nighttime hours with ..... 6G-14tow-way traffic control on normally divided highway in .....

6G-13work affecting pedestrian/bicycle facilities in ..... 6G-6work duration with ..... 6G-2intermediate-term/night TTCZ ..... 6G-3long-term TTCZ ..... 6G-2mobile TTCZ ..... 6G-4short duration TTCZ ..... 6G-3short-term TTCZ ..... 6G-3work on shoulder with minor encroachment in ..... 6G-7work on shoulder with no encroachment in ..... 6G-7work outside of shoulder in ..... 6G-6work within median in ..... 6G-8work within traveled way of freeway/expressway in ..... 6G-12work within traveled way of intersection in ..... 6G-11work within traveled way of multi-lane highway in ..... 6G-10work within traveled way of rural highway ..... 6G-9work within traveled way of two-lane in ..... 6G-8work within traveled way of urban street in ..... 6G-9

Tennis sign ..... 2M-2Termination areasfor temporary traffic control ..... 6C-8

The Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines forBuildings and Facilities (ADAAG) ..... 1A-13

The U.S. Access Board ..... ii"The Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines

for Buildings and Facilities (ADAAG)" ..... 1A-13"The Uniform Vehicle Code (UVC) and Model Traffic

Ordinance" ..... 9A-1Theater sign ..... 2M-2Theoretical Goredefined ..... 1A-24

THIS LANE messages ..... 2B-25THIS SIDE OF SIGN messages ..... 2B-48Three-lane roadtraffic direction transition in center lane of ..... 3B-6

Through Highwaydefined ..... 1A-24

Thru trafficROAD CLOSED Signs ..... 2B-54

THRU TRAFFIC MERGE RIGHT (LEFT) signs ..... 6F-14THRU word message ..... 2B-22Timed Exit Gate Operating Modedefined ..... 1A-24

Index - 45

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 46

TOW-AWAY ZONE signs ..... 2B-48Township Route Markerdesign of ..... 2D-8

TRACKS OUT OF SERVICE signs ..... 8B-11Trafficdefined ..... 1A-25

TRAFFIC CHANGE AHEAD sign (W3-X5) ..... 6F-15TRAFFIC CIRCLE plaque ..... 2C-27Traffic conesfor temporary traffic control ..... 6F-34

Traffic controlwrong-way traffic at interchange ramps ..... 2E-57

"Traffic Control Devices Handbook" ..... 1A-13Traffic control devices, low-volume roadsapplication of ..... 5A-1design of ..... 5A-1function of ..... 5A-1guide signs ..... 5D-1highway-rail grade crossings ..... 5F-1markings ..... 5E-1minimum sign sizes ..... 5A-1placement of ..... 5A-3regulatory signs ..... 5B-1temporary traffic control signs ..... 5G-1warning signs ..... 5C-1

Traffic control devices. See also Islands; School areas; Trafficcontrol devices, low-volume roads

acceptable abbreviations ..... 1A-28acceptable abbreviations with prompt word ..... 1A-29advertising restriction ..... 1A-1authority for placement ..... 1A-3changes to Manual ..... 1A-8color code ..... 1A-13colors ..... 1A-1defined ..... 1A-25design modification ..... 1A-1design of ..... 1A-1engineering study and judgement ..... 1A-4experimentation process ..... 1A-5interim approval of ..... 1A-8interpretation of Manual ..... 1A-5maintenance by local officials ..... 1A-3maintenance of ..... 1A-2maintenance on trunk highways ..... 1A-3operation of ..... 1A-2placement by local officials ..... 1A-3placement of ..... 1A-2placement on trunk highways ..... 1A-3principles of ..... 1A-1purpose of ..... 1A-1removal of unnecessary devices ..... 1A-2replacing damaged non-compliant device ..... viirequirements of ..... 1A-1responsibility for ..... 1A-2speed as a consideration ..... 1A-1

state preliminary request ..... 1A-5temporary ..... 1A-3unacceptable abbreviations ..... 1A-30uniform system ..... 1A-2uniformity of ..... i, 1A-2uniformity of meaning ..... 1A-1unofficial ..... 1A-4for wrong-way traffic at interchange ramps ..... 2E-57

Traffic Control devices. see also Islands; School Areas; TrafficControl Devices, low volume roads

pathway grade crossing ..... 8D-2Traffic Control Planstemporary traffic control for low-volume roads ..... 5G-1

TRAFFIC CONTROL POINT Sign ..... 2N-3Traffic control signals. See also Highway traffic signalsfor bicycle ..... 9D-1defined ..... 1A-25flashing/flashing mode ..... 1A-17

Traffic control signals. See also Traffic signals"Vehicle Traffic Control Signal Heads" ..... 1A-13accessible pedestrian ..... 4E-7adequate roadway capacity ..... 4B-2advantages ..... 4B-1aiming of signal face with ..... 4D-12alternatives to ..... 4B-2application of signal indications ..... 4D-2circular green with ..... 4D-2circular red with ..... 4D-3circular yellow with ..... 4D-3color with ..... 4D-7coordinated signal system analysis ..... 4C-1, 4C-10crash experience analysis ..... 4C-1, 4C-10defined ..... 1A-25design of ..... 4D-7disadvantages of ..... 4B-1for divided highways ..... 4P-1eight-hour vehicular analysis ..... 4C-1eight-hour vehicular volume analysis ..... 4C-1, 4C-2emergency-vehicle access with ..... 4G-1features of ..... 4D-1flashing mode ..... 4D-45flashing operation of ..... 4D-45flashing red with ..... 4D-4flashing yellow with ..... 4D-3four-hour vehicular volume analysis ..... 4C-1, 4C-5freeway entrance ramps ..... 4I-1green arrow with ..... 4D-6horizontal position of indicators within signal face of .......

4D-10illumination of ..... 4D-7importance of standards ..... 4B-1installation of ..... 4B-1intersection near a grade crossing analysis ..... 4C-1lane closure on two-lane roads ..... 6J-10, 6J-11lane use control signals ..... 4K-1, 4M-1lateral offset of supports/cabinets with ..... 4D-47lateral positioning of signal face with ..... 4D-14

December, 2011

TRAFFIC LAWS PHOTO ENFORCED signs ..... 2B-53Traffic movement signsfor low-volume roads ..... 5B-2

Traffic prohibition signsfor low-volume roads ..... 5B-2

"Traffic Signal Lamps" ..... 1A-13Traffic Signal Pedestrian and Bicycle Actuation signs ..... 2B-50Traffic signal signs ..... 2B-51, 2C-28, 4D-47Traffic signals. See also Highway traffic signals; Traffic control

signalspedestrian and bicycle actuation signs ..... 2B-50

Traffic spacesin temporary traffic control zones ..... 6C-4

Trail Shelter sign ..... 2M-2TRAIL X-ING plaque ..... 2C-28Trailblazer assembliesfor conventional roads ..... 2D-21for freeways and expressways ..... 2E-31for toll facilities ..... 2E-31

Trailblazer Logo signs ..... 2J-7Trailer Camping sign ..... 2I-3Trailer Site sign ..... 2M-2TRAINS MAY EXCEED 80 MPH signs ..... 8B-14Trains. See also Highway-rail grade crossingsdefined ..... 1A-25detection devices ..... 8C-7preemption control ..... 4D-40

Tramway sign ..... 2M-2Transit logoson PARK & RIDE signs ..... 2D-37

Transit vehicles. See Highway-light rail transit grade crossingsTransition areasfor temporary traffic control zones ..... 6C-4

Transportation Research Board (TRB) ..... 1A-13"Accessible Pedestrian Signals-A Guide to Best Practices

(NCHRP Web-Only Document 117A)" ..... 1A-13"Guidelines for Accessible Pedestrian Signals (NCHRP Web-

Only Document 117B)" ..... 1A-13"Highway Capacity Manual" ..... 1A-13"Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance

Evaluation of Highway Features" ..... 1A-13address ..... ii

Transverse Markingsdefined ..... 1A-25use of ..... 3B-32

Trash Dumpster sign ..... 2M-2"Travel Better, Travel Longer: A Pocket Guide to Improving

Traffic Control and Mobility for Our Older Population"..... 1A-12

TRAVEL INFO CALL 511 signs ..... 2I-13Traveled Way

left-turn indications with ..... 4D-17longitudinal positioning of signal face with ..... 4D-14maintenance responsibility for ..... 4D-1meaning of vehicular signal indications ..... 4D-2mounting height of ..... 4D-16movable bridges ..... 4J-1at or near highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8C-8needs studies ..... 4C-1not in operation ..... 4D-1number of signal faces on approach with ..... 4D-10for one-lane, two-way facilities ..... 4H-1, 6C-11operation of ..... 4D-1operation of preemption ..... 4D-41operation of priority ..... 4D-44pavement markings used with ..... 4D-48peak hour analysis ..... 4C-1, 4C-5, 4C-6pedestrian peak hour analysis ..... 4C-9pedestrian signals ..... 4D-2pedestrian volume analysis ..... 4C-1, 4C-7, 4C-8portable ..... 4D-46position of indicators within signal face of ..... 4D-8preemption/priority control of ..... 4D-40provisions for pedestrians ..... 4D-2red arrow with ..... 4D-3, 4D-5red clearance intervals ..... 4D-39removal of ..... 4B-1responsibility for operation and maintenance ..... 4D-1right-turn indications with ..... 4D-25roadway network analysis ..... 4C-1, 4C-11school crossing analysis ..... 4C-1, 4C-7shared left-turn/right-turn indications with ..... 4D-35shielding of signal face with ..... 4D-12signal indications during flashing operation of ..... 4D-45signs used with ..... 4D-47size of indicators with ..... 4D-8steady signal indications ..... 4D-4temporary ..... 4D-46, 6F-46toll plaza ..... 4K-1transition out of flashing operation of ..... 4D-46upraised hand with ..... 4D-5U-turn signal face ..... 4D-7vehicular signal indications ..... 4D-2vertical position of indicators within signal face of ..... 4D-9visibility of signal face with ..... 4D-12walking person with ..... 4D-5yellow arrow with ..... 4D-3yellow change and red clearance intervals with ..... 4D-39

Traffic control signals. See also Traffic signals signs used with ..... 2B-51

Traffic control zones, temporary. See Temporary traffic controlzones

"Traffic Detector Handbook" ..... 1A-13"Traffic Engineering Handbook" ..... 1A-13"Traffic Engineering Metric Conversion Folders- Addendum to

the Guide to Metric Conversion" ..... 1A-12TRAFFIC FROM LEFT (RIGHT) DOES NOT STOP plaques .....

2C-33

Index - 47

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 48

defined ..... 1A-25TRB. See Transportation Research BoardTRUCK Auxiliary Signs ..... 2D-10TRUCK CROSSING sign (W8-6)temporary traffic control with ..... 6F-17

Truck escape rampsdelineators ..... 3F-3signs ..... 2C-16

Truck Parking sign ..... 2I-3, 2I-4, 2I-8Truck Rollover Warning signs ..... 2C-13Truck Route Signs ..... 2B-57Truck speed limit signs ..... 2B-16TrucksAXLE WEIGHT LIMIT signs ..... 2B-55Bridge weight, width and height signs ..... 2B-56Height restriction signs ..... 2B-56Junction Assembly ..... 2D-13National Network signs ..... 2B-57Structure weight, width and height signs ..... 2B-56truck escape ramp delineators ..... 3F-3Truck Escape Ramp signs ..... 2C-16Truck Rollover Warning signs ..... 2C-13Truck Route signs ..... 2B-57Truck Speed Limit signs ..... 2B-16TRUCKS OVER XX TONS MUST ENTER WEIGH

STATION NEXT RIGHT ..... 2B-57TRUCKS USE RIGHT LANE sign ..... 2B-30vertical grade signs ..... 2C-14Weigh Station Signs ..... 2B-57, 2D-37, 2D-38, 2E-57Weight Limit Signs ..... 2B-55

TRUCKS (VEHICLES) WITH LUGS PROHIBITED signs .....2B-34

TRUCKS MUST NOT MEET ON BRIDGE signs ..... 2B-56TRUCKS OVER XX TONS MUST ENTER WEIGH STATION

NEXT RIGHT ..... 2B-57TRUCKS USE RIGHT LANE sign ..... 2B-30TRUCKS USE RIGHT LANE signs ..... 2B-30TTC. see Temporary Traffic ControlTubular markers ..... 6F-35retroreflectivity ..... 6F-35retroreflectivity of ..... 3H-1for temporary traffic control ..... 6F-35use of ..... 3H-1

Tunnel sign ..... 2M-2Tunnelstraffic control signals for one-lane, two-way facilities ..... 4H-1

Turn Bay ..... 2B-20defined ..... 1A-25omission of Intersection Lane Control signs ..... 2B-20

Turn lanes. See also Left Turns; Right turnslongitudinal pavement markings for left turn lanes ..... 3B-6

TURN OFF 2-WAY RADIO AND CELLULAR PHONE signs

..... 6F-18Turn or curve warning signs ..... 9B-8Turn Prohibition Signs ..... 2B-25, 2B-52, 2B-53, 8B-10Turnssigns ..... 2C-8warning sign ..... 9B-8

24-Hour Pharmacy signs ..... 2I-724-Hour plaque ..... 2I-3Two-Direction Large Arrow signs ..... 2C-27"2000 AREMA Communications & Signals Manual" ..... 1A-12Two-Way Left Turn Only signs ..... 2B-22Two-Way Traffic signs ..... 2C-17, 6F-16Two-lane roadlane closure using manual signal operation ..... 6J-11lane closure using signals ..... 6J-10lane closure using STOP signs ..... 6J-9TTC zone - two-way traffic on normally divided ..... 6G-13work within traveled way of ..... 6G-9

Two-way roadcenterline markings ..... 3B-1no-passing zones ..... 3B-4one-lane, two-way tapers ..... 6C-8one-lane, two-way traffic control ..... 4H-1, 6C-10

Two-way turns"2000 AREMA Communications & Signals Manual" .......

1A-12WHITE TWO-WAY LEFT-TURN ARROWS ..... 4M-1, 4M-2,

4M-3Typical layoutsdetour for closed street ..... 6J-17detour for one travel direction ..... 6J-18entrance ramp closures ..... 6J-21half road closure on multi-lane road ..... 6J-3half road closure on multi-lane road, ramps open ..... 6J-6intersecting roads, advance signing ..... 6J-23lane closure at highway-rail grade crossing ..... 6J-12lane closure on multi-lane road for striping and stripe removal

..... 6J-1lane closure on two-way road using manual signal operation

..... 6J-11lane closure on two-way road using signals ..... 6J-10lane closure on two-way road using STOP signs ..... 6J-9lane shift on multi-lane road ..... 6J-13median crossover for entrance ramp ..... 6J-24median crossover for exit ramp ..... 6J-7median crossover on freeway ..... 6J-4, 6J-5multi-lane closures at intersection ..... 6J-8ramp and loop closures, advance signing ..... 6J-20road closure at interchange ..... 6J-14road closure with detour ..... 6J-16road closure with diversion ..... 6J-15road closure, typical signing ..... 6J-19temporary speed limit reduction on multi-lane road ..... 6J-22work in vicinity of highway-rail grade crossing ..... 6J-12

December, 2011

VVan Accessible plaque ..... 2I-3, 2I-5VAN ACCESSIBLE signs ..... 2B-48, 2B-49"Vehicle Traffic Control Signal Heads" ..... 1A-13VEHICLES MUST NOT MEET ON BRIDGE sign s ..... 2B-56Vehicles. see also High-occupancy vehiclesdefined ..... 1A-25

Vehicular signal indicationsmeaning of ..... 4D-2

Vehicular traffic signs ..... 2C-28, 5C-3, 6F-17Vehicular volumeeight-hour warrant ..... 4C-2four-hour warrant ..... 4C-5

Vertical Clearance sign ..... 2C-19Vertical grade signs ..... 2C-14Vertical panelsfor temporary traffic control ..... 6F-36

Vibrotactile Pedestrian Devicedefined ..... 1A-25

Viewing Area sign ..... 2M-2Visibility-Limited Signal Facedefined ..... 1A-25

Visibility-Limited Signal Sectiondefined ..... 1A-25

Visual disabilitiesaccessible pedestrian signal detectors ..... 4E-7

WW1 Series. See Turn or curve warning signsW1-1 - 5 signs. See Horizontal Alignment signsW1-6 signs. See One-Direction Large Arrow signsW1-7 signs. See Two-Direction Large Arrow signsW1-8 signs. See Chevron Alignment signsW2 Series. See Intersection warning signsW2-1 - 6 signs. See Intersection warning signsW3-1 -46 signs. See Advance Traffic Control signsW3-4 signs. See BE PREPARED TO STOP signsW3-5, 5a signs. See Speed Reduction signsW4 Series. See Truck escape ramps signsW4-1 signs. See Merge signsW4-3 signs. See Added Lane signsW4-4P plaques. See CROSS TRAFFIC DOES NOT STOP

plaques

UU.S. Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board

(The U.S. Access Board) ..... ii"The Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines

for Buildings and Facilities (ADAAG)" ..... 1A-13U.S. Bicycle Route sign ..... 9B-15U.S. Department of TransportationFederal Railroad Administration ..... 8A-2

U.S. Route signsdesign of ..... 2D-7

Uneven Lanes sign ..... 2C-21, 6F-19Uniform Vehicle Codeadoption of a uniform Manual ..... 1A-3highway-rail grade crossing signals and gates ..... 8C-1meaning of vehicular signal indications ..... 4D-2standard for conformance ..... 1A-3

"Uniform Vehicle Code (UVC) and Model Traffic Ordinance" .....1A-13

"Uniform Vehicle Code (UVC) Revised"no-passing zones ..... 3B-6

Uniformity of devices ..... 1A-2Uniformity of meaning ..... 1A-1Unofficial control devicesremoval of ..... 1A-4

UPRAISED HAND ..... 4D-5, 4E-1Upstreamdefined ..... 1A-25

Urban areasDiamond Interchanges ..... 2E-53, 2E-55guide sign characteristics ..... 2E-2

Urban intersectionsjunction assembly ..... 2D-13sign location ..... 2A-15

Urban Streetdefined ..... 1A-25

U.S. Access Board"The Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines

for Buildings and Facilities (ADAAG)" ..... 1A-13U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ..... 1A-18inherently low emission vehicle certification ..... 1A-18

USC. See United States CodeUSDOT. See U.S. Department of TransportationUSE LANE(S) WITH GREEN ARROW signs ..... 2B-52Utility companies. See Public utility companiesUTILITY WORK AHEAD sign ..... 6F-18Utility Work signs. See CREW WORKING AHEAD signsU-turn Signal Face ..... 4D-7UVC. See Uniform Vehicle Code

Index - 49

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 50

W5-1 signs. See ROAD NARROWS signsW5-2 signs. See NARROW BRIDGE signsW5-3 signs. See ONE LANE BRIDGE signsW6-1 signs. See Divided Highway signsW6-2 signs. See Divided Highway Ends signsW6-3 signs. See Two-Way Traffic signsW7-1, 7-1a, 7-1b signs. See Hill signsW7-2 - 3 plaques. See Hill-Related plaquesW7-3a plaques. See Next Distance plaquesW7-6 signs. See HILL BLOCKS VIEW signsW8-1 signs. See BUMP signsW8-2 signs. See DIP signsW8-3 signs. See PAVEMENT ENDS signsW8-4 signs. See SOFT SHOULDER signsW8-5 signs. See Slippery When Wet signsW8-6 signs. See Motorized Traffic signsW8-9 signs. See LOW SHOULDER signsW8-9a signs. See SHOULDER DROP-OFF signsW8-10 signs. See Bicycle Surface Condition Warning signsW8-11 signs. See UNEVEN LANES signsW8-12 signs. See NO CENTER STRIPE signsW8-13 signs. See BRIDGE ICES BEFORE ROAD signsW9-1 - 2 signs. See Lane Ends signsW9-3 signs. See CENTER LANE CLOSED AHEAD signsW1-10 signs. See Combination Horizontal

Alignment/Intersection signsW1-11 signs. See Horizontal Alignment signsW1-13 signs. See Truck Rollover Warning signsW1-15 signs. See Horizontal Alignment signsW10-5 signs. See Low Ground Clearance Highway-Rail Grade

Crossing signsW10-7 signs. See Light Rail Transit Approaching-Activated

Blank-Out Warning signsW10-8, 8a signs. See TRAINS MAY EXCEED 80 MPH signsW10-9 signs. See NO TRAIN HORN signsW10-10 signs. See NO SIGNAL signsW10-11, 11a, 11b signs. See Storage Space signsW10-12 signs. See Skewed Crossing signsW10 Series. See Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Advance

Warning signsW11-1signs. See Vehicular Traffic signsW11-2 - 4 signs. See Non-vehicular Traffic signsW11-5, 5a signs. See Vehicular Traffic signsW11-6 - 7 signs. See Non-vehicular signsW11-8 signs. See Vehicular Traffic signs

W11-9 signs. See Non-vehicular signsW11-10 signs. See Vehicular Traffic signsW11-11 signs. See Vehicular Traffic signsW11-12P signs. See Vehicular Traffic signsW11-14 signs. See Vehicular Traffic signsW12-1 signs. See Double Arrow signsW12-2, 2P signs. See Low Clearance signsW13-1 plaques. See Advisory Speed plaquesW13-2 signs. See Exit Speed signsW13-3 signs. See Ramp Speed signsW13-4 plaques. See ON RAMP plaquesW13-5 signs. See Curve Speed signsW14-1, 1a signs. See DEAD END/NO OUTLET signsW14-1P plaques. See DEAD END plaquesW14-2, 2a signs. See DEAD END/NO OUTLET signsW14-2P plaques. See NO OUTLET plaquesW14-3 signs. See NO PASSING ZONE signsW15-1 signs. See Playground signsW16-1 plaques. See SHARE THE ROAD plaquesW16-2 - 3 plaques. See Distance Ahead plaquesW16-4 plaques. See Next Distance plaquesW16-5P plaques. See Supplemental Arrow plaquesW16-6P plaques. See Supplemental Arrow plaquesW16-7P plaques. See Supplemental Arrow plaquesW16-8, 8a plaques. See Advance Street Name plaquesW16-10 plaques. See PHOTO ENFORCED plaquesW16-11 Plaques. See High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) plaquesW17-1 signs. See SPEED HUMP signsW20-1 signs. See ROAD (STREET) WORK signsW20-2 signs. See DETOUR signsW20-3signs. See ROAD (STREET) CLOSED W20-4 signs. See ONE LANE ROAD signsW20-5 signs. See Lane(s) Closed signsW20-7 signs. See Flagger signsW21-1 signs. See Workers signsW21-2 signs. See FRESH OIL (TAR) signsW21-3 signs. See ROAD MACHINERY AHEAD signsW21-5 signs. See Shoulder Work signsW21-6 signs. See SURVEY CREW signsW21-7 signs. See UTILITY WORK signsW22-1 signs. See BLASTING ZONE AHEAD signsW22-2 signs. See TURN OFF 2-WAY RADIO AND CELL

PHONE signsW22-3 signs. See END BLASTING ZONE signs

December, 2011

combination horizontal alignment/advisory speed ..... 2C-11combination horizontal alignment/intersection ..... 2C-12CREW WORKING AHEAD sign ..... 6F-17cross road ..... 2C-27DEAD END ..... 5C-4defined ..... 1A-25design of ..... 2C-1DETOUR sign ..... 6F-13DIP sign ..... 2C-19, 6F-22divided highway ..... 2C-17divided highway ends ..... 2C-17double arrow ..... 2C-18double reverse curve sign ..... 6F-20DRAW BRIDGE sign ..... 2C-24END BLASTING ZONE sign ..... 6F-18excessive use of ..... 2A-1flagger sign ..... 6F-16freeway/expressway ends ..... 2C-18FRESH OIL sign ..... 6F-16function of ..... 2A-2, 2C-1, 6F-11guidelines for advance placement of ..... 2C-7HIGH SHOULDER Sign ..... 6F-19for highway-rail grade crossings ..... 8B-1hill ..... 2C-14, 5C-2HILL BLOCKS VIEW sign ..... 2C-16horizontal alignment ..... 2C-8, 5C-1horse-drawn vehicles ..... 2C-28illumination ..... 2A-3, 2A-4intersection ..... 9B-8intersection warning ..... 2C-26, 5C-1lane closed sign ..... 6F-14lane ends ..... 2C-25lane ends sign ..... 6F-14location of ..... 2A-14LOOK FOR TRAINS ..... 8B-9low clearance ..... 2C-19LOW SHOULDER sign ..... 6F-19for low-volume roads ..... 5C-1merge ..... 2C-24MERGE sign ..... 6F-14MINIMUM MAINTENANCE ROAD ..... 5C-4motorcycle plaque ..... 6F-23motorcyclists ..... 2C-21motorized traffic sign ..... 6F-17Narrow Bridge ..... 5C-2NARROW BRIDGE sign ..... 2C-17NEW TRAFFIC PATTERN AHEAD sign ..... 2C-31NO CENTER LINE sign ..... 2C-22NO OUTLET ..... 5C-4NO OUTLET sign ..... 2C-18NO PASSING ZONE sign ..... 2C-26non-vehicular ..... 5C-3non-vehicular traffic warning ..... 2C-29object marker ..... 2C-34ON RAMP plaque ..... 6F-14one-direction large arrow ..... 2C-12ONE LANE BRIDGE ..... 5C-2ONE LANE BRIDGE sign ..... 2C-17ONE LANE ROAD AHEAD sign ..... 6F-13

W23-1 signs. See SLOW TRAFFIC AHEAD signsW24 Series. See Double Reverse Curve signsW25-1 - 2 signs. See Traffic Signal signsWading sign ..... 2M-2WALK ..... 4D-5, 4D-6, 4E-1Walk Intervaldefined ..... 1A-25

Walk on Boardwalk sign ..... 2M-2WALK ON LEFT FACING TRAFFIC signs ..... 2B-49Walk-In Camp sign ..... 2M-2WALKING PERSON ..... 4D-5, 4D-6, 4E-1WALKING PERSON signal ..... 4E-2pedestrian hybrid beacon with ..... 4F-4traffic control signal with ..... 4D-5, 4D-6

Warningcolor code ..... 1A-13

Warning beacon. See also Beacons ..... 4L-2toll plaza with ..... 4K-1used with an emergency-vehicle traffic control signals .....

4G-2Warning Beacon. See also Beaconsdefined ..... 1A-25

Warning gatesfor movable bridges ..... 4J-1

Warning Lightchannelizing devices with ..... 6F-31defined ..... 1A-25in-roadway ..... 4N-1on STOP signs ..... 6F-46"Purchase Specification for Flashing and Steady-Burn Warning

Lights" ..... 6F-45in temporary traffic control zones ..... 6F-45

Warning signsadded lane ..... 2C-25advance ..... 6F-12advance ramp control ..... 2C-23advance traffic control ..... 2C-23, 6F-12advisory speed ..... 2C-13advisory speed plaque ..... 6F-23Advisory Speed sign ..... 5C-3application of ..... 2C-1applications ..... 6F-11BE PREPARED TO STOP sign ..... 2C-23, 6F-22bicycle traffic control with ..... 9B-9BLASTING ZONE AHEAD sign ..... 6F-18BUMP sign ..... 2C-19categories of ..... 2C-2CENTER LANE CLOSED sign ..... 6F-14chevron alignment ..... 2C-11circular intersection ..... 2C-27colors used ..... 2A-9combination horizontal alignment/advisory exit and ramp

speed ..... 2C-14

Index - 51

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 52

ONE LANE ROAD sign ..... 6F-13PAVEMENT ENDS ..... 5C-3PAVEMENT ENDS sign ..... 2C-20placement of ..... 2C-6, 2C-7playground ..... 2C-31RAMP NARROWS sign ..... 6F-15recreational and cultural interest areas ..... 2M-1reduced speed limit ahead ..... 2C-24retroreflectivity ..... 2A-3, 2A-4reverse curve sign ..... 6F-20RIGHT (LEFT) LANE CLOSED sign ..... 6F-14right(left) lane exit only ahead ..... 2C-25ROAD (STREET) WORK AHEAD signs ..... 6F-13ROAD MACHINERY AHEAD sign ..... 6F-16ROAD NARROWS sign ..... 2C-16ROAD WORK sign ..... 6F-13roadway related ..... 2C-2for schools ..... 7B-1shoulder ..... 2C-20SHOULDER DROP OFF sign ..... 6F-19SHOULDER WORK sign ..... 6F-17side road ..... 2C-27size of ..... 2C-6SLOW TRAFFIC AHEAD sign ..... 6F-15snowmobiles ..... 2C-28SOFT SHOULDER sign ..... 6F-19SPEED HUMP sign ..... 2C-20STEEL PLATE AHEAD sign ..... 6F-19Stop Ahead ..... 5C-2supplemental distance plaque ..... 6F-23supplemental plaques ..... 2C-2, 2C-31surface condition ..... 2C-21SURVEY CREW sign ..... 6F-17temporary traffic control ..... 6F-1for temporary traffic control ..... 6F-11thru traffic merge sign ..... 6F-14traffic related ..... 2C-2traffic signal ..... 2C-28TRAIL CLOSED AHEAD sign ..... 6F-13truck escape ramp ..... 2C-16truck rollover warning ..... 2C-13T-symbol ..... 5C-1TURN OFF 2-WAY RADIO sign ..... 6F-18turn or curves ..... 9B-8two-direction large arrow ..... 2C-27two-way traffic ..... 2C-26two-way traffic sign ..... 6F-16UNEVEN LANES sign ..... 6F-19unnecessary use ..... 2C-1UTILITY WORK sign ..... 6F-18vehicular traffic ..... 2C-28, 5C-3vertical grade ..... 2C-14weather condition ..... 2C-22workers sign ..... 6F-16Yield Ahead ..... 5C-2Y-symbol ..... 5C-1

Warning systems"Preemption of Traffic Signals Near Railroad Crossings" .....

1A-13

Warrant. see also Highway traffic signal needs studycenterline markings ..... 3B-1coordinated signal system signal ..... 4C-10crash experience signal ..... 4C-10defined ..... 1A-25eight-hour vehicular volume signal ..... 4C-2four-hour vehicular volume signal ..... 4C-5intersection near a grade crossing signal ..... 4C-11no-passing zone pavement markings ..... 3B-4peak hour signal ..... 4C-5pedestrian volume signal ..... 4C-7roadway network signal ..... 4C-11school crossing signal ..... 4C-7traffic control signal needs studies ..... 4C-1

Waterskiing sign ..... 2M-2Wayside Equipmentdefined ..... 1A-25

Wayside Horn Systemdefined ..... 1A-26rail grade crossing traffic control with ..... 8C-7

Weather Condition signs ..... 2C-22Weather Information signs ..... 2I-12WebsitesFederal Highway Administration ..... 1A-12Mn/DOT, Office of Traffic, Security, and Technology ......

1A-12Weigh Station signsfor conventional roads ..... 2D-37, 2D-38for freeways and expressways ..... 2E-57use of ..... 2B-57

Weight Limit signs ..... 2B-35, 2B-55, 2B-56, 6F-10Weighted Channelizers ..... 6F-36in traffic control zones ..... 6F-36

Welcome Center signs ..... 2I-11WELFARE CENTER signs ..... 2N-4WEST. See Cardinal direction auxiliary signsWhale Viewing sign ..... 2M-2WHEN FLASHING plaque ..... 2C-23, 2C-29WHEN WET plaque ..... 2C-21Whitemeaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13pavement color ..... 3G-1right edge line pavement markings ..... 3B-8use of ..... 2A-9

White line pavement markings ..... 3B-8broken ..... 3B-8chevron crosshatch ..... 3B-22dotted line ..... 3B-14entrance ramps with ..... 3B-8longitudinal ..... 3B-22roundabouts ..... 3C-1same direction travel designated by ..... 3B-8solid line where crossing lane discouraged ..... 3B-14

December, 2011

lane closure on two-way road using STOP signs ..... 6J-9lane shift on multi-lane road ..... 6J-13median crossover for entrance ramp ..... 6J-24median crossover for exit ramp ..... 6J-7median crossover on freeway ..... 6J-4, 6J-5multi-lane closures at intersection ..... 6J-8ramp and loop closures, advance signing ..... 6J-20road closure at interchange ..... 6J-14road closure with detour ..... 6J-16road closure with diversion ..... 6J-15road closure, typical signing ..... 6J-19temporary speed limit reduction on multi-lane road ..... 6J-22work in vicinity of highway-rail grade crossing ..... 6J-12

Workerdefined ..... 1A-26

Worker safetykey elements ..... 6C-4in temporary traffic control zones ..... 6A-1, 6B-1, 6D-3

Workers signs ..... 6F-16Wrong-way arrowspavement markings ..... 3B-38

WRONG WAY signs ..... 9B-5use of ..... 2B-33

Wrong-way traffic controlat interchange ramps ..... 2E-57signs ..... 2B-33

Wrong-Way Arrowdefined ..... 1A-26

Wrong-Way Traffic Control at Interchange Ramps ..... 2B-40

YYellowlongitudinal pavement markings ..... 3B-6meaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13pavement color ..... 3G-1

Yellow Arrow application of ..... 4D-5meaning of ..... 4D-3vertical position within signal face of ..... 4D-9

Yellow centerline markings ..... 3B-1Yellow Change Interval ..... 4D-39defined ..... 1A-26red clearance interval with ..... 4D-39YELLOW X signal

Yellow longitudinal pavement markings ..... 3B-6Yellow signal indicationsapplication of ..... 4D-5meaning of ..... 4D-3

YELLOW X signals ..... 4M-1, 4M-2, 4M-3lane use control with ..... 4M-1

WHITE TWO-WAY LEFT-TURN ARROWS ..... 4M-1, 4M-2Wide linesWide throat intersectionssign location ..... 2A-15

Wildlife Viewing sign ..... 2M-2Wind Surfing sign ..... 2M-2Winter Recreational Area sign ..... 2M-2Wireless Internet sign ..... 2I-3WisDOT ..... 1A-13Deer-Vehicle Crash Countermeasure Toolbox: A Decision and

Choice Resource ..... 1A-13Effectiveness of ‘Children at Play’ Warning Signs ..... 1A-13

Women’s Restroom sign ..... 2M-2Wood Gathering sign ..... 2M-2Word message signs. See also Changeable message signsabbreviations ..... 2A-10with Advance Intersection Lane Control signs ..... 2B-22with Optional Movement Lane Control signs ..... 2B-21for parking prohibition signs ..... 2B-47reversible lane control ..... 2B-25sign design ..... 2A-2standard wording and letters ..... 2A-10traffic control device design ..... 2A-2

Word messages ..... 1A-14MUTCD defined use of ..... 1A-14pavement markings ..... 3B-38, 3B-39preferential lane markings with ..... 3D-1roundabout markings with ..... 3C-15school areas ..... 7C-1

Work Durationfive categories of ..... 6G-2intermediate-term/night TTCZ ..... 6G-3long-term TTCZ ..... 6G-2mobile TTCZ ..... 6G-4short duration TTCZ ..... 6G-3short-term TTCZ ..... 6G-3

Work spacesin temporary traffic control zones ..... 6C-4

WORK ZONE plaque (G20-5aP) ..... 6F-10Work zonesdetour for closed street ..... 6J-17detour for one travel direction ..... 6J-18END WORK SPEED ZONE signs ..... 2B-17entrance ramp closures ..... 6J-21half road closure on multi-lane road ..... 6J-3half road closure on multi-lane road, ramps open ..... 6J-6intersecting roads, advance signing ..... 6J-23lane closure at highway-rail grade crossing ..... 6J-12lane closure on multi-lane road for striping and stripe removal

..... 6J-1lane closure on two-way road using manual signal operation

..... 6J-11lane closure on two-way road using signals ..... 6J-10

Index - 53

INDEX

December, 2011

INDEX

Index - 54

Yellow-Greenmeaning for traffic control devices ..... 1A-13

Yield ahead pavement markings ..... 3B-42Yield Ahead signsat highway-rail grade crossings ..... 5F-2for low-volume roads ..... 5C-2median crossover for entrance ramp ..... 6J-24use of ..... 2C-23

Yield Linedefined ..... 1A-26highway rail grade crossing with ..... 8B-19light rail grade crossing traffic control with ..... 8B-19pavement markings ..... 3B-32railroad grade crossing traffic control with ..... 8B-19roundabout markings ..... 3C-15use of ..... 3B-32, 3B-33

YIELD signsapplications ..... 2B-10at highway-LRT grade crossings ..... 8B-7at passive grade crossings ..... 8B-4for bicycle facilities ..... 9B-4crossbuck assemblies with ..... 8B-4design ..... 2B-10at highway-rail grade crossings ..... 5F-2for low-volume roads ..... 5B-1median crossover for entrance ramp ..... 6J-24placement of ..... 2B-10temporary traffic control with ..... 6C-11

Y-Intersection sign ..... 2C-26, 2C-27Y-Intersection warning sign (W2-5) ..... 5C-1

December, 2011

mn mutcd 2013 INDEX master · Advance speed hump markings ..... 3B-46, 3B-48, 3B-49 Advance Street...

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