MM_Distributed application.pptx
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Transcript of MM_Distributed application.pptx
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DISTRIBUTED APPLICATION
DESIGN ISSUES
P
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ISSUES Need to consider design issues?
Areas of considerations:
Areas ofconcern
NetworkingCommunication
Infrastructure
Cachingrequirements
CompressionDecompression
Requirements
Distributedworkflows
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Areas ofconcern
Networking
Communication
Infrastructure
Caching
requirements
Compression
DecompressionRequirements
Distributed
workflows
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LOCATION INDEPENDENCE
Application can run on any node and maintain the same workflow patternlocations of servers/workstations
Use logical addressing instead of referring an object by its physical locatio
Achieved by creating an abstraction layer in addressing of
objects and encapsulating knowledge of lower layers
Ensures the same sequence of operations for a business
process irrespective of users location in network
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NETWORK PROTOCOL AND
COMMUNICATION FUNCTION
Workstation/servers on different LAN communicate with each other
Need to define standards for:
Network Layer InterfacesEnsures common network interface for apdevices with different operating software
ProtocolsDefines the standard form and contents of the message exbetween nodes
Communication FunctionSpecifies the nature of communication betworkstation and servers
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NETWORK INDEPENDENCE
LAN may be configured on different requirements and may have different ne
IEEE standards/Token-ring/ATM/FDDI
Twisted pair/co-axial/fiber optic cables
Applications should be able to freely move data across multiple media types
Design the system to ensure workflow integrity
Single view of LAN/WAN network to ensure flexibility
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Areas ofconcern
Networking
CommunicationInfrastructure
Caching
requirements
CompressionDecompression
Requirements
Distributed
workflows
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STORAGE AND CACHE
CONSIDERATION A cache provides an immediate staging area allowing faster prefetching and
Multitier cache storage should be used for multimedia objects
Why?
Storage available on fast magnetic disk much smaller than that on optic
Objects reside in the cache as long as they are needed, for longer durat
Network performance is maintained
Scaling and Format Translation are not known until client workstation ca
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Cache may be stored centrally at a cache server
Cache can also be stored at one of the following locations depending on th
organization of the network:
Scan capture nodeQC or scan capture cache
Application database nodegeneral image cache
Fileserverworkstation image cache
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Areas ofconcern
NetworkingCommunication
Infrastructure
Caching
requirements
Compression
Decompression
Requirements
Distributed
workflows
COMPRESSION INTEGRATED
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COMPRESSION INTEGRATED
WORKFLOW
Whycompression?
User convenience and faster transmission
Hardware capacity of different components in a network
Compression can be performed by hardware providing the input(Scanner/special compression software
Compression may be performed at 3 different stagesaccording to the requi
On the fly as the object is scanned or captured
As a separate pass before or after indexing/Quality checks
By a separate compression server
DECOMPRESSION INTEGRATE
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DECOMPRESSION INTEGRATE
WORKFLOW Whydecompression?
Display
Printing Facsimile transmission of multimedia objects
Compression can be performed by hardware providing the output(Printer/Mby special compression software
Decompression may be performed at 3 different stagesaccording to the req
At the workstation
At the multimedia object server
At a dedicated decompression server that may also provide format tran
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Areas ofconcern
Networking
CommunicationInfrastructure
Cachingrequirements
CompressionDecompression
Requirements
Distributed
workflows
WORKFLOW INTEGRATION O
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WORKFLOW INTEGRATION O
INDEXING Whyindex?
Index is much smaller in size as compared to data object
Speeds the search for the data objects
It provides random access pointer to the data object
E.g: Object ID can be embedded in hypermedia documents to quickly re
Following are the type of indexing methods:
Object Identification Indexing
Content Based Indexing
Voice and Picture synchronization indexing
Annotation
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CONTENT BASED INDEXING
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CONTENT BASED INDEXING
Used in audio/videocassette tapes for indexing of voice/audio/video based med
It allows user to mark section of interest by placing MARKERS
Why?
Quicker access the section of interest for display
Possible to clip out section of audio sequence for merging into a new seque
Faster playback of audio/video is possible
Markers can be stored in the same multimedia object or in a separate reference
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SYNCHRONIZATION
Used in indexing of full motion video
Similar in concept to audio indexing but is more complex
Complex?
Sound and video components stored separately
Sound and voice input use different controller (Analog sound with digital vid
Sound and video components may require different decompression algorithm
Advantage: Strategically placed indexing can assist in resynchronizing sound with
playback
ANNOTATION
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ANNOTATION Definition: They are comments or footnotes defined to clarify a thought or an id
Annotations
Document ImageAnnotations
Text Annotations
ImageAnnotations
Annotations forsound and video
Text Annotations
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Text Annotations
Simple
Can be added/edited/printed with or without the original image
depending on design of workflow
Image Annotations
They are scanned image segments of the annotated text
Image Annotations can be added/cropped/printed but the content of
remaining section of annotations cannot be edited
Annotations for Sound and video
E.g marketing director after reviewing recorded video clip may record a
set of comments to the field sales force
Require index markers to indicate the exact location in the sound or
video object where they should be viewed
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THANK YOU