MlR.82 1.-.._-------

EFFECT OF DENSITY ON MARSHALL STABILITYOF HOT-MIX ASPHALTIC CONCRETE

BY JOHN ROLANDPHYSICAL TESTS ENGINEER

MAY 1982

TESTING PERFORMED IN THE MATERIALS LABORATORY_ OF THE

IOWA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Ij

Effect of Density On Marshall StabilityOf Hot-Mix Asphaltic Concrete

OBJECTIVE

The Iowa D.O.T. specifications do not require 100 percent

of 50 blow .MarshalldiOI1sity (generally 94%) for field compac-

tion. However, stabilities are determined in the Laboratory

on specimens compacted to 100 percent of Marshall density.

The purpose of this study is to determine the stabilities of

specimens compacted to various densities which are below 100

percent of the 50 blow Marshall density.

MATERIALS

Ten different asphaltic concrete mixes were tested in

this investigation. Four of these were proportioned and mixed

in the Laboratory from aggregate and asphalt cement currently

in stock. The remaining six mixes were the retained excess

materials from field samples. Each mix contained different

aggregates and gradations, but all complied with our specified

particle size distribution and asphalt content. Different

sources and penetrations of asphalt cement were used but the

only grade was AC-10

PROCEDURE

By varying the number of blOWS, five different compactive

efforts were made on the specimens. After some exploratory work,

it was found that 50, 32, 18, 12 and 7 blows to each side of

the specimens would result in the range of densities that was

desired (93 to 100% of Marshall density). The 50 blows resulted,

of course, in 100 percent of the Marshall densities; and the

densities obtained by each of the lesser compactive efforts

were computed as a percent of this figure.

Three specimens were required for each compactive effort

resulting in 15 specimens from each mix or a total of 150

specimens molded and tested from the ten mixes. The specimens

were all molded at. 2750F. Standard Marshall compaction equip­

ment and procedures were used, and also standard density and

stability equipment and procedures were employed.

REPORT

The various stabilities that were obtained at the different

densities were tabulated (Appendix A). Each is an average of

three determinations. The densities were computed as a per­

centage of the 50 blow Marshall density. The stabilities were

computed as a percentage of the stability obtained from the

50 blow Marshall specimens. These percentages of density were

plotted against the percentages of stability in the graph.

Appendix B includes the work tickets showing the individual

results of each specimen tested as well as the averages. It

also includes the flow results of each specimen, the penetration

of the asphalt cement used in each mix, and the proportions of

aggregates and the asphalt cement contents of the mixes made

in the Laboratory. It does not include an aggregate gradation

of the individual m.i.xes, but this can readily be obtained by

referring to the test report identified by the Laboratory

number.

Appendix C is composed of copies of the actual print-

out from the stability apparatus, showing graphically the

changes in stabilities and flows .corresponding to the changes

in densities. The mix numbers and the number of blows for

each compactive effort are shown at: the top of each sheet.

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusion that can be drawn, and which is readily

apparent, from this investigation is that the stability of

a hot mix decreases dramatically with a slight decrease in

the density. When a density was obtained which was 94 percent

of the 50 blow Marshall density (the minimum generally

specified in D.O.T. specifications) then the stabilities of

all ten mixes tested were below 43 percent of the Marshall

stability obtained on specimens compacted to 50 blow Marshall

density. Excluding one mix, this percentage drops to less

than 35 percent.

The graph of the stabilities versus densities shows the

following:

Percent Marshall Density Percent Marshall Stability

99 all ten mixes < 9098 " " " < 7597 " " " < 6196 " " " < 56, 9 mixes< 5195 " " " < 50, " " <4294 " " " < 43, " " <;35

The same graph shows that to obtain 75 percent of 50 blow

Marshall stability a density greater than 98 percent was re­

quired for all ten mixes. To obtain 50 percent of 50 blow

Marshall stability then a density equal to or greater than 96

percent was required for nine of the ten mixes tested.

The mixes tested had a range of 1282 to 3048 pound_ 50

blow Marshall stabilities, so they-were all within the normal

testing range of mixes used in construction.

It was also surprising that only seven blows to each side

of the specimens resulted in a density average of 94.5 percent

of the 50 blow densities for the-ten mixes.

Stability testing is normally performed on specimens

compacted to 100 percent of Marshall densities and not at

the lesser densities obtained by field compaction. When a field

mix is compacted to the minimum of 94 percent of Marshall

density, most of the stability that was designed into the mix

has been lost.

If the stability of a hot mix is important in the

functioning of the finished roadway, then it adds emphasis to

the necessity of keeping the densities as high as possible.

).",'

9,?

'10 '70

0-/30

EFFECT OF DENSITY ON MARSHALL STABILITY" " ,-.--

%% OF OFI .... BLOWS

~,~,,- .- .. -- --

,ABDl-97----

-- .. 2.291 --lao' -- . 1 617 -- 100 . "0 . ' .,'--,-,'---,.,.,----- -------------- - •___c. ____L_,_~,_._'_.__.. ..- ----~...-- ........

.. - -- ,,_.-- --- I .. -I ,-----,---. ----------.--------~.- - ---2 __,:2~6B:· :: --. ',c' c.

_.,,- 98-;9-- , 1,338 82.7 32. .

.",

" 2 .236 , 97. 6 813 50.3 18

" 2 .204 96.2 b08 37.6 12

" 2 ,.175 94. 9. 413 25.5 7

ABDl-168 2 .425 100 2,073 100 50

" 2 .385 98. 4 1,410 68. a 32--- - '--'" --, -- I________.t1.__

2 .335 96.3 757 16 s 1 RI I I ,--------.

------- __-.-)1 --,--- - 2.305-- -------- ,'-,J,- , , )0 - , I .. - ..-- - -----

- ; ;,=::::~~·~ll.::;_;:.::~:c;;.,:~_;'. '-: ",,,,, 93. 9 450 21. 7 7, ,-_.,

ABCl-444<,--

lOa 2,033 10n "0J 2 .384'----- ---.. _----

---- --------i ..--- . ' r. --IL'" -"':~8--2r.-2 --,. ---,. -- - ---

3"" • .:\01; . ::'0' ...,

" 2 .346 98.4 1,375 67. 6 18

" 2 301 96. 5 1, 003 49.3 12

" 2 .260 94 8 760 37.4 7.,.

--I\BDl-152 2 336 100 1,775 100 50

" 2 .307 98 . 8 1 ,500 84.5 32." 2.276 97. 4 1,042 58.7 18

" 2. 242 96. 0 848 47.8 12

" 2 .219 95. a 667 37. 6 7

ABDl-145 2_337 100 2,493 100 50

" 2_ 305 98. 6 1,860 74. 6 32

" 2 . 265 96 . 9 1,283 51. 5 18

" 2 223 95.1 878 35.2 12

" 2 ,187 93. 6 647 26 a 7.

I--_., -_._,-"-"-,. ,"- -,-,

,

...~•......--. ,.. . ._~ ,-._--_.- ._---,-,._--------_._.~--._-~~_._-_.-

EFFECT OF DENSITY ON MARSHALL STABILITY

n

L..j~5

2- ;H,S

% OF

J.VV

99L-,

% OF~ ~ I ~"~' bAt , '~~,

87.~0 , 32 '~' " ,

n

n

442

n

2.315

2.282

2.221

2.319

2.292

97.1

95, .8

93.2

100

"~ -'~'~- ,", --'-_.- ,',-

'.1,690 60.7

1,-515 54.4

1,042 37.4

1,282 100

1,103 86.0

18

12

7

50

32

11--·--- 2 .. 276~~ I

1 ')

32

50I

I

100100 ~3,0482.390447

" --- '--'''lI ""

n

n

n

448

n

",

"n

449

"n

n

n

._-- .- ~

2.323 97.2 1,903

2.287 95.7 1,432

2 .. 254,.

94.3 1,110

2.302 100 2,575

2.274 98.8 2,172

2.228 96.8 1,442

2 187 95.0 1,013

2.160 93.8 753_..

2 287 100 1,530

2.274 99.4 1,187

2.242 98.0 754

2 212 96.7 540

2 193 95.9 453

_..~._-

62.4

47.0

36.4

100

84.3

56.0

39.3

29.2

100

77.6

49.3

35.3

29.6

18

12

7

50

32

18

12

7

50

32

18

12

7

APPENDIX-B----------~---

, '!

.'

:1- - ,-,..... . .- ...- ,,,--'-'-'-~---'~"'-~'~'''''--''--'-''-''-''''''

c- ,. . ., ,. . .. .. ."', .. ~'''''~ ,,~- ,-~~, -'" , ~,,:~ , . ,....,

-"-'~'"~''-'''.. . ,_..~..-" ~'''''",~,....'''''.. .

".. .~,""'~"'""~ .'""........,"'",..",

't:'..,

•... )(, 1'.qqI"eqate Aaa. ,Lab. No. I ndivi . Wt. 1'.aa. Comb • wt . 1'.00.•, ...St'.....G.r:•. ,weiqht. ' . "'" ". , -.-.--..--

-----. .. -".. --'--," -',,-

I , . . '

~-'---. . . --._. ..--- .,-"",-,'"

1--------"

, , __ 0' ' ",-,. , _. 0:' _, "

Project NO.Vei>'P;n :thfo. Lao;'~o;.···A$cpn'fP:;JPro j ect No....- I -I.'...U.<:..!<~_.$-::"'::!:- "':"

. ~==_" :~~~:~t.No'rtU(H~n" -(Et..~.diAi» ,'. '-·--~afH~=!~1=='.,==,=======::::;::::::;::;:;;13-f-F~c.t" Or ,daJ<1"ttr:, t?~ /t?t?i"'rt,~//. :?t:.a6./I.·fy

Batch Wt 1'.00.Pen. Asphalt A-C-/-q P-. hJgLab No. Asph.){, Asphalt . . 'r . -."--,--.

I'-"",-,,,,'

_._. '''-.. 0;0'",,''_' .. , -' .

Batch wt AsphDate Tested 2.' "2- 2.. - ll' 'L. . -----

," ., '"

//6>,6 /1{,'/.5 lIb), D

1/& :J o Ijb'5'".5" )16/.S-

06/,v 662~5 ,~~s9.S

':;-02---,D ~ tJ 3, t' 3Fo-,.0

2.:;;; 17 2.31S" 2·3/32,31 S-

. 6

tv Determination//87.5 //88. o 1/90.0

)J 6'7" )IiH '5' If"10 .s:,(,86.5 ,2,$: / • .s: 627,D

;;-CJ J ,0 S-0),t! S-cJ:>, ~2,370 2,371 2';'<6~

2·3 b is'

viSI'l!!cific Grawt. in Air 1212,S 12./2- 0 12) f/.C

wet Weiqht 12/2- .5' 12.'2.0 I'Ll'! .0

Wt. in Water 703.5 7o~,D 7 oS: sDifference fJoc;.o se «.r 5;:; 8.S

51'. Gravitv 2.382.- Z.391 2.387

1'.veraqe 2.:3 ;;>3

/60 ;:;:;:

MarshallL.oad - Lbs.• 2-'),5 ).'1 is 'b? <J",.

Flow 0.01 In. /0 1/ /1

'Averaae Load 2..") f/Ji II

stabilitv7,.. Lf2 -r "'2.. <.flra :: <,tv",

./.) /.p ..)"''':::>2 '-I ..", /' (,)

n,·, , 1&7> / "7 7...0/0 / ... )2-

!wilO II

. .. .»

II

11--H.R.B.

S.S.D.

AbGlolute

=~=:=.:..:..__I --II Bulk S.S.O. II-----'=~I-=.:.=.:..---I. . .

Wt. A.C. Start EWt. A.C. Read.Wt. A.C. Left

.ip • Gravitybsorption

e 0 !

, I." ,

;'; ~ ~ ~i

Proj TJe>D"P Ihr" LJP/:l I-h ' :3•

ect No. Lab • Nos. ~.Project No , :

Project No.r-~~_,,,9__"-;;f=);.A_ lA81»'-~'"" ""-~'-"'--

,~,Count¥ , , \ ,.) ,O"IN"tl" - _._- ".

II

,," , ' __ "."C'-" _" ;'r:.~ -dfJi?,i 't\iL"-:I>td. /~. . "~"~ .'.--.'. ..' .

l££f'~~·t;- ~rrhi!#!~ ,~t:I4~>-&·t:y,

,,~ '::1

,

-----~"% Aqqreqate Aqq.

. liab •. RO_. J:ndivi. _W"t. "Aaa:. Comb. "Wt...::Aaq:." ss ~:_:Gr.-Weiaht

,.

,--._-

. --- , ,

., .,

-

Batch Wt ActC/.~

Pen. Asohalt At:: ..;p J",.. ..... } A-ti' ,

Lab No. Asnh." Yo Aaoha.l"t . ',." ' " '-, -"""~,,,- . . . ""._,C.., ,,,,,~

,"- ,~,_. ."","'~,- ""~ -"'-"",-"" , .. , -----" ' ._"-,, ,"'.--'

IBatch wt AsphDate Tested ... -L~ .

.. SDec~ ~c Gra~t. in Air IJ'I'5.S. /IYS.S JI'/!. 5'~et Weiqht /) 'It, o JIIf!P .5 II 'ft..S'wt. in Water /, V.f.·~ 0'11. , 0 ~ 'f 1.0

Difference $'0',2,. $; =:roo ,5 '-01.S-

So. Gravitv 2.2. 15' 0 2.2.8'9 2.27Cc,IAveraqe 2.28 e.

'tv Determination :

1/22. S '1121.0 //ZI'O>II 2. 'f .r;' 112--, .;- vIZ 3,0

"'I ~,5 &>1';. s: ,;;) 9,55"0&>.0 ffC' 5'.0 So 3 ..5'2.218 2.22-0 2.22-.,{,

2.22/

Marsha!!

IabO!'St ~ ~tv

j~::J.:h) "I (J 2-s: 110,)Ir /tJ, Ie"

lti</-.... ,1(;?>

woad - Lbs. 1)~"7 ,. J5'?O lsd,Flow 0.01 In. I']. /) I.~

A.veraae Load 1~/5' 1'3

11-----1H.R.B •

S.S;o.

AbeoluteI I I1--~-----11 Bulk S.S.O. I

. ... . -

Wt. A.C'. Start

Ewt. A.C. Read.Wt. A.C. Left

ip • Gravitybsorption

'Catch Wt A;"~.

Pen. Asnhalt -A.i"-~j. . J7~~ <l!JuLab No. Asnh .

- 10 Asnhal tBatch \'It As h - .

Date Tes t ed ).- 't. '3 I

Snecific GraNt. in Air //('/-/5 11&/15> 11(,5.rIwet Weiaht 1/ s «. 5 //69..5 l'b5~::'J

Nt. in Water ';62,5 0:<' 1 :5 :;c.;· 6Difference . ,_,~. 0 ~:~ . ,.'": So 3. o .,:j o ,::~ ,)

Sn-. Gravitv 2·320 2-3/5 co.s;?1Averaae 2,3/C}

v J.tv Dctern\J.natJ.on1153. 0 115~1 .5 I115~3._5.'rc;

" (';I /1.5/- S //51'3. :~;

{,.s-o 0 0'-/7'. D (".

".,"

.:) ,;:,0 .f)D2.. 5' f;' (J ..:, ('J

2.27'2- 2· 2. q '2" 2.-2<,..::;2 ,2<92-

/1 Z 7. .5 //3 '2. o /139; 0//2 7? .£ II , R, -;',' / J .3 8. o6:.30 ,C- 63" f) ')'1. -')

il') 7 .::/ ,/ :1:) D 1/. " '), (J

22<:::b' 2.28/ 2.2.812,Z7{P

98,; %

oad - Lbs. /-;:~:-r 72-u& 12-60.Flow 0.01 In. ~ )/ 7IJi:veraae Load I-z:.'lz-· If

1 Stability71 110 /,:)6:',::';) 1/,;"'0

'7 ~ it/ /03 'i(

Marshal

I Bulk s.s.Oo'ip • Gravitybsorption

. -Wt. A.C. Start

I·Nt. A.C. Rend.Iwt. A.C. Left f~1-

, rrr

•

,.,~~""~"",,,-,,,,~,,,,,,-,,;:,~o:.:-;"- ,,~, "'_'",,- ,---

. ..

. ... 1-

••;> f--~---I'--------I--'-------+-------+--------l

.ch Wt . --' . Pen. Asnhalt 1 A1"'-.J~ "'l»iIt l!!f:ft,l-

.- -

Lab No. Asnh., Yo Asnhalt v-:

Ba-t-crr-wt Jl;snh . - -.

",,,,~~,-,-~-,-,, Bate--Tested-- --2 • 1.-3- ----- .~--~- - -- - _n,-,-,~, , -1--

~I---I---II

itv Determination .

I 1 1/0 110 9.0 11M? 5/ / /2·> IIID.(J liD')····

0/5. C ;/2,5 6/2,0,//9 /~ () ol/A) 7, ::j' '//7. ,J

2.235 2.229 2.2:30

2.23/%.2. ;t

v

97-3 %Marshall Stabilit

Snecific GraW-t. in Air //2/ '5 -'//2 ~ 5: 1/22. "!Wet Weioht /12>-·0 1/ 2.'-1.0 /),2.2.,,5

Wt. in Water t~-(.) 627.0 6ZS DDifference "q.",-, '}9 7,0 7' '7 7.$So. Gravitv- 2.257 2.26/ 2.2.55

Averaoe 2.25.8

iToad - Lbs. ---z:-;;::-:> --,~ ~o 1""'0 .Flow 0.01 In. c:; 10 qIAveraae Load i7i-;;;::-7 q

bsorpt~on

5.S.D.

Mt. A.C. Start ,.Mt. A.C. Rend.!wt. A.C. Left. :

AblJolute H.R.B.

t 11----

.....•." . '!"ea'a:t:~e s"· .... . "'---- __,'c,,,,,,-,,,,,::,,,,,,:,,:,,, ... .. .. . .. .. " ,,,--- -.""-"""" --""-'''--~ --"'~"

. " ~'-" .",--._-~ ---,-"-_.,,-,~"

. .- .. . ",-":"Ii~----'

.. lCAqqreqate "1\qq.' Lab. No. 'fndivL Wt: • ]\qq. Como: wt:: ACtq. St>. Gr • Weiaht-.-.-.-,-.,-----

.

. .. . "'c," · .. .. .... . ,--,,'---

. '." .. .-'-'-,--, · . _.... -"'- . .. c . . ...:..

--._--- ·. . .. .

~~,~,_.._- ---,-""", ~--~-

-,

!tlttc.b:::.'\it .Pen. Asphalt X,., ",J( "r:;C../ v. P~J<t /;.() . . . .

Lab No. Asoh.Yo Asohalt

..Batch·W·t· As]:')h .... " ..

-----,- . -"._-,-",,--,--,--. . 'C--" "-' ". -

Date Tested 2- - 'Z,. &,I----~...

S",ecif~c GraNt. in Air /2 A c;. o /207, C> /Zo6.6

Net Weiqht 12.0 ',-5 IZ.~'l,<J J2<:J£ :5

Nt. in Water 704 b 7"'5 D 70 z# X>

Difference 5'0$,5 so~, 0 So 7: 5'So. Gravitv 2.3'7 Z 2.3 &'9' 2'390Averaqe 2.3"10

I~o %

'tv Determination//92.,0- )/'92 5' /193.SII ,;;-z..0 II '73, c; //.93.5

66' 7, s 6 El7.5 688',5Co 1.,/, .s r:-' 0 oS: .:5 :§'o 5, .0

2·363 2.35'1 2·3&.>3Z·3(,2.

"'}8.8 %

I 18'ci. .CJ 11 7<6';5 /179,0

1181,0 117<b.C 1179. «:k.73,5 670,0 67/.5507.S .':c~ 5' CoS-.r:::>2; 32. &, 2.323 2.32. I

2.323

97. e. %Marshall

zooo /8 00 /9/Cl/2- )J I'J

/'7&3 12~j

'1/, / ;;;

Stability2.5'/e? z, t,L.J? o 2.,L,L3iJ

/D /0 ,Ie?

'? "f7':3 /'"

Bulk S.S.D. IS.S.D.I I

t.oad - Lbs. 7/2.& ~O'7r z: 9so.Flow 0.01 In. /f) II /0tl.veraqe Load '';Jo''!-'1 /0

a.R.B •, . .

wt. A.C. Start E twt. A.C. Read.wt. A.C. Left

ro ec 0-;------ -~~----

~~~~~~;;(k;/k P~4,.-WvY' -eG~722 ~/-'12.)13 Hcrc.t" ur dtJ,.,,;ty /J-tt1' JI" r It4' // ?~A6 •/., •f y(Fv, I

---- ----------,~--.---------,-------------.-cAcrcrreqate s

}(,;"Al.,_t'TX&g_",~ ," c _M '" _:r:"~~"_-"3 z: _,.T-," -c :~"'~_ ~~~~----" - -,~.- ----51: -- tc- 'We-i;.4n--.--- -- .--,--.------ -::,,:_-'::':';;~:-':';;;;;-~::;:;;:;;,~~:;;,;:~ -

""'-"""-, ~"""-W~'W'""'"_ ~'" '_"'"""_'~"'~'~_""0_"'~""'~""'~"'''__"''~''~_'''''_~___ ' __'''~_''_~"'' __,,~_7~''''''~,,_ '"",,- -- .,,""~,

"",_w~,"", __ ~_..~, "",,'W__,¥,"__~,w_~_"'~" -,~,,~""

- ----~ -,.--.-,. -----.----- -- -,'.- ----..----- -'",. ~,-,,- - --- - .. .- -' ,CC_. -- = - - - I ,

-'-

-- --¥, i_.-,- -'--'''''' -_._-,-.. I - ,

,-

;, -- I -~---.-- ------.-.-------.-_.- - - ~

- -- - - --------

. tv nc t errnLnat.LonIf 4Lfi',o f I L/8. 5 f/Ll-S,o/ISo .S ,( c- I .6 /r «». U

(, 'fl. 0 t.<f3 0 6"J7.55'09 :7 5oS'o ....s-;:)q c:;2.253 2.2<;'1 2.2417

2. Z 5-"-/

51"lecific GraWt. in Air //c;Z:. .s: 1/,,-,-/. S 1//&3. 0Wet WefOht /rc«.». , IICS"" IIG'!.,Wt. in Water b S c.s: (,55'. S foSG.oDifference 607:.5~ 7/0.() 50 51-. 5Sn. Gravitv 2,Z'71 e.e»:s 2·287Averaae 2-2lJ ;..:;

lR atch Wt Acro.P en.•_lJ..s-n.b.a.Lt._ ¥t!:L#'v Aed.. -12f!>~ L;.o - --- -- _. --

'Lab No;- Asnh. - -- - -

Yo Asnhalt-

Batch wt Asnh-o. __,~" Date Tested - '-2,IJ- . - ,'---'- ~ --------

Stability/o e0 12-(/u /t? J"'/l

/Y' 16? . )J'"

III a /5"

9S. 7 r;Marshall

Load - Lbs. 1'1'",,0 / OJ7C; Id'7 i"Flow 0.01 In. 13 1<1- 15'IAveraae Load In.c?'Z- 1'1-

-----

.

5.5.0.~~'::"::'::"::-~--J.I------- Bu lk S. 5 .0. Iip • Gravitybsorption

Iwt. A.C. Start

I·M"t. A.C. Rend.Iwt. A.C. Left lle------

,

"~--~~~~-~roj~ctN:~C~=De~~~~~~Ct~:NO-S:~~~Cj :¥yT~~==C'"~==~=~~

Project No."- r c,

Un)p/, JfA,),?Z:.4b" I~·t-y

Yo Aqq-E"eqatie- cA:qq~.-I:.ab. N0.

- -- _._- -

batch Wct cAqq. ,~

-~--------. .~~..-.- """" .',-. ,- ~ ~ c'-'Pen-.- ASJ:lhalt ,- -·~JJ6c-I()-- ,~a8 pLab No. Asph .

, Yo ASJ:lhalt, Batch-Wt: cAsph -, ,"--- ---,-,-~- - --" ~ ,--".

Date Tested ". ~'Z.'"

1/3??,o 1/~~7 <::; l/oR',o/I ",::<. u I I '< .sr _,j 1/ ,3 ~ 10:1

b2b 5 (,~ 7,5 62.8,0~'l ," , t"; <" I "'l " «. U ,02·22..5 2. /2-8 2,232-

Z.2 "L!,>

tv Dc errn~na ~on

/rs:». ::~; I /.,~' 'I '-:'') J/~;',-:::: /')1/£2.,5 IIS'I,CI / / "3(>

61./(,0 6l./6,5 1-4 & 0

."~I:S 507,5 .$'-0". 0

2,275 2.27<+ 2.274f-2.2 -; e.,t

S" 6/~_J"8 'f' G vit,'Dec ~ ~c ra

Wt. in Air II"" 70 /167.0111:7,5Wet Weiqht /10 -; ·5 / 167·& //('7,"'

Wt. in Water ?6/0 G6 0 . 0 ceo. cDifference S-Ob,'; ~o 7, '" 5()7 ~

SP. Gravitv Z. 3Q'-I 2. 302..- 2.3 o oAveraqe 2,30z',

Itr!YO !<>?7"" JF<7u1"1.- II 1/

/'1'-/7.- 1/

~ ~ :v"'..... ·-;;-~I)D :u<-Oo 2,.1 r«

'II 1/ II"")/'1", II

(~8. 8'

Marshall Stab'l'tLoad - Lbs. Z- '""'""".0 Z.'" e: " (JpO' c:Flow 0.01 In. 1<> II 12.-Averaqe Load 2.:T7( /I

/ao %

bsorpt~on

5.8.0.

,Wt. A.C. Start ,.IWt. A.C. Reqd.IWt. A.C. Left

Ab801uto H.R.B.

11--

,.,_._..,. Aeereqat e s~~g-

....,

~1m'-1. .

.~i' ~. -

.~',::-

. ..- -, . . - .- ,- ~~M~' '_X"X''''''M'' . """~,, . .

-'; ,.,.-, ..~."" . . , . , - . . , •. - '

.. - , - . . .. ..• ~-" .

,

,".'''" ",'"'''' ,--,,-_.,,-. ~._~~~¥- '. ,,'-'.."~--' ----_.•... ,~,,-~."", .' ~~. .

~-. - .--. .- , ..- .-,,, _. . ._._- , .. _.-._,---- - --,,- .- -,,0._ .

I

--~Proj ecF-No ..... _~~~~~~t N°t?d ;1""- ~IY-Z;OB" ~) .. 5/'(J n __~~'·,_ .n. ,4.80Hr..,)

....'·-·!3··-fE··t!c,t' ..tl£ ..d~l:U.i_ty.-. ala' /"1~YJ:~~j/' ~~A{u'_Z·fy~~~ .._~_. __. ----,

9'3,8

. tv Determination//07.(' 1107 c; 1/06,0

1107.£ I/o '/0 1/07.'5

5'950 5'}bO .5''15. .sSI;2 S .."1'-;, " <," I 2 . 0

2. /(,o 2./5'7 2 .• /6';;'

2,/~o

So c i f i c Grar;.It. in Air ///9·0 ///>?,o' ///7'"lWet ,~eiqht ; I Fer 5" IlJjff,S 1'1/7'(Wt. in Water 607,0 ";/0,5 bDL). '"Diffe,ence 512. c; Sok, () c I 'f,O

SO. Gravi tv 2./83 2.20 J 2./7'7Averaqe 2./3:"

Batch Wt Aqq._.__.- E'en.A.sphal t . .. --.oe::. ~ '1:1 -, -.- -l-r» if- -..----- ._,-,-" ,-,,,-._-

.. Lab. N.o.. AosJ:l.h-. ' . . . ", .. .. . ,

Yo Asphalt.' Batch Wt Asoh

, Date Tested 1· -z.."

oad - Lbs. qqp i/o"}[) A c,. >:)

Flow 0.01 In. 1/,., I?-

Averaqe Load /0/3 IZ-75 Blow

·1--H.R.B.

S.S.D.

1\blloluto

I I Bulk 5.S.D. I1~~1 I

bsorpt~on

,wt. A.C'. Start

I· Iwt. A.C. Reed.wt. A.C. Left

'0"

Batch Wt Aqq.~~-~--- f,Em..., ,A.s..ohall_,_ -~":""

' 3I1~~A....._ "--" -~-- -"--~- "~--,- -- -~"- "--"--~ ~= """',, --- ,- '- - ,

Lab No. Asph.Yo Asphalt, " ,

,-, - .

,Batch Wt Asph -._.-- ..~~O'~~··", , ' . ,

---- -

Date Tested 3 -'2.

Iff

I/{/Y.v //'/? .6 / /,/,,/s) I :.,}!./-u J; ~) .::' 0 / / LjO;.s&33.5 (, 31/. 0 £.35'.5<,"I:J:S SII,O "0 ".;-: ') (:,I ,Ii

2.2.yI 2·235 2.2'1 42.2'12-

t:v De errn~nat~on

115$·0 //,5"8. c; //:;<- .::),&

//se.c //5 &-.0 /100·[0'1Q.C. 64s.0 £50.0,<:'0 '/. 0 ..5'/00 ,./.,"- / .., # «

2.2.7.5 2.271 2.276'2.27'-1

vitStlec~ ~c Gra!Wt. in Air 1/7/-0 1172 'S- //7/'C;;!Wet Weiqht 1/7/.0 //72.S //7/· 0

!Wt. in Water IS 5'1.5 (,59.5 6590Difference SOl J ..S" S ) " .. r, 5);:JcSP. Gravitv 2.28tf 2.2B~ 2.287Averaqe 2.2/?7

Marshall

99.- </ Yc, 9E·0 %77. 6, %"" S'T4e,. / ry .",4'9. ~ %

;if'O '1..0 ~ ..Stability •1Z,7° 1/ ;So II(,(J.., <1. 'if//>17 '6

Load - Lbs. IY'N? 1,5(,00 1S-30.Flow 0.01 In. 1. q 'l1'.veraqe Load / '" 'l "

<;(

bsorpt~on '

S.S;D.

Ahllolute H.R.B •

.Wt. A.C. Start

I·Wt. A.C. Read.Wt. A.C. Left

".'

lBatchWt Aaa. " " "

""Pen. As"i5halt" .!n: ·1<:> In 'fl p ....Lab No. Asnh.10 Asphalt

"" I I " ".. -".", "" .-.---- --.--_."- -.--.--.--.----

Batch wt AsphDate Tested 7"l-

/2,. SICWJ 7 ,P/o/psSpecific Gra

Wt. in Air //270 //0C} >,>11/c.:?O

Wet Weiqht //2.7,5 //2'1,:; I; :I. Ii ,0

dt. in Water 6/9,0 t; /8,::-: cr:sDifference -So& s SII.o 5/ 0 c;SP. Gravitv 2.210" 2.209 2.2/0Averaqe 2.212-

. tv Determination//l/J) IJ)I." /J)!, 5/1/ I, (J //11 ~I ///<,,-,.0

6(;/"·0 60'/,S (;0"/,0:5"'D :;;: () ....5/) ..., o So s:-. 02,200 2, /'1/ c./S8

2'/"73

,

t.oad - Lbs. f?::Tt:> 5'3.;' .5"-/0'Flow 0.01 In. /0 /2.- )0

IA ve r ac e Load 09"0 1/, ·1-I \---1St ~ ~tv

~,,;;> c..L,1"'a t,C',;,o/1 /"j /3

'f'5'''l /2.

5.5.0.

bsorptionin. Gravity

H.R.B.,

E~lit. A.C. Start 'IWt. A.C. Reqd.Wt. A.C. Left

Batch Wt Aqq. 1")..0 tt>a, , Pen.~~p];lal~ - ~el<!lo= ,- ,

,-~,-----~

Lab 'No. Asph. RIJ'f- "2-"'1"" 10 Asphalt 1- .a

Batch wt Asph '"7~ ,_Date Tested ?J-)/

viSnec~ ~c GraIWt. in Air 1175".0 1/76. C //76,c!Wet Weight //750 1/77. D 1176,,';;lit. in Water bbz,S () b 3.0 663; oDifference 5"/2. ..5 ! <"/ if. D S"'/ :? !:I'-

SP. Gravity 2. z.?3 2.2:8") 2.2QD

Averaqe 2.29 I

tv Determ~nat~on

1162- (, //.5'?'-5' /1/'2.$II b 2. 0 /ls9·$" //6<:> 5"'

&,'-I'1D If, </7 5'> GSa ,0

5'/. 3'. " $12. C> 5""/2.";)

2.265 2.2(,5 2.2<1':,82.26(;

/8/1"/7, <6 ) 17'6 .5 IIY'>'lJ11~!7,,' //'-,/6.S /1'/5',56, ;l r.' c> (".32. S' S 3'1.:;~ ",~I 2. .s: $"1'7',6 .s:»>. o2,238 2. Z-31 2.2,,/0

2.230

I;:~ 1

7

: : I rr I20 ?'1'<) " m iF

ta l. l.tv/ ?li)() 1'12'> 1'2-"),;;1

[I q i?/3'1"1 'l

Marshall S b'l'

/0 o. ?lo

Load - Lbs. It." ..,P / t«>» I b "'0

Flow 0.01 In. if g 'ifAverage Load 1-1/ I -t ~,

S.S~D. Bulk 9.5.0.SP. Gravitv!Absorption

.wt. A.C. Start / / .: I,.

I·I /~)(;

Wt. A.C. Read. 7?;C:wt. A.C. Left //00 ti;

Ab.olute H.R.B •

111----" ...... l.

county :..- -'--'- _

~-_::_.,"":c'.~-·

1'1 a tch Wt Aac. y;:; (> tt> aPen . Asnhal t P'~ .... 'il'2.bab .No. A:snh.•.1-cR'lL10 Asnhal t --:- T-~ .. .

Batch Wt Asnh I'~ ,-Date Tested ? -Ii

Snecific Gra~t. in Air ))2"},5 )/32,S /035Met WeiCJht 1/30,0 1/33,S /13 'I,"wt. in Water '/~/7· S" b18,S &2-/,51Difference . .s /2,5 51S,0 513$n. Gravitv 2.20'1" 2·/9CJ 2·210

Averaae 2·2CJ<!-

'tv Determinatibn11/ 7.'- 1/17.S ///7• .01118.s ///9 1 0 // ').06aS,D (;, 0$'",0 bO 6,6$13,$ $1,/,0 S/3':,<':-':>2~/75 2·17'1 2,177-

2,/7",-"10,2 %

75 Blow

1 Stability"'?; Fa I {jcz-O 1-/..,0

-iI II 12"'-/1 ""5 .r

Marshaload - Lbs. b pO /- 00 IJ,<.- ..;"

Flow 0.01 In. q .It:> It!),lAveraae Load 7:: 0 'if II)

jf--I-

H.R.B.

5,5.0.

lIblIIolute

~~~~C!-...;...._I Bulk S.S.D. I]i---===--~~I

Mt. A.C. Start EMt. A.C. Read.lWt. A.C. Left

, ~p. Gravitybsorption

40 4"

Batch Wt Aoo, J?_ 000, Pen. Asphalt C-1f7 ·lH. --,--,

E:.ao No. ,A-sph. . , . ' , .

Yo Asphalt c;:·OBatch wt Asph (" '3 a,Date Tested ~-/f , . . .. I I

..18

lIil1S )/'7;'1,<) II i? 'iJ ,,;,1/90. S //8'7. o »e», s:6·&15 ?,-,q s- t. q '" 0

.:() <) ,) $'(:;. ,/,S _~D 7.$2. :? ';:> :2 2 ... 336 C.3</-1.J .....-'_,>

2.335

'tv Determination//'J? J J/"1:g. D 1/")5.5

1/'1">.5' I 1"1~J[ /19'/',,0&eJIo ur c...o co a.e5D?$" ~Q2,S- 5 00.S

Z.38'L 2.38'1 2.'yP..'}

2·335aJ() 0 ~

'Spec~f~c Grawt. in Air 1Z,/1,0 11- Il..."- /2/0.;;;;

Wet Weioht J'I-}I s: Jut. .« 12. 10.5

Wt. in Water 7 I 7." 71 z. ..f'" ///.05Difference 'I 9 <}. S' 5"00,0 .y9}1, ~

SP. Gravitv .2. ';/2. "I- 2.'12.5" 2,t../ Z.5Averaqe I 2.'-/2.5"

~

Load - Lb s , 'Z-'? ~o ;4'gO 1'6'/0....."" ... Flow a ,01 In. 'I< ~ 'l .

Averaoe Load 2..0'7 '3 Ifr .A

.

,

..

., .,. ;; ....,"J/{; e /Dc:j\ /.:> /r,j

75/ /0, ,.....

Sta ~l~ty

1')30 ;5'{)~'" J 1f·1,;> o]( /'l "1

1';1'-/0 if

Marshall b'

5.5.0.

1.P "1.0 .~

I Bulk S.S.D. Ibsorption

in. Gravity

I\.\1-'---.

qt. A.C. Start i 33 :>-.

I·I:;;: ::;>2-

Wt. A.C. Reqd. 632- G3Lwt. A.C. Left 70D Xz°u

, .. ,.~ ...,

) 2. B/~ws

aatchWt Aaa. J?~ 0(')" ._,~,-" , -",.,--

- n ._"ks-frhe;;l;- , - •. - - ". . ~-, '. -Lab No. Asph. ,,.,~q-

'. <') f:', Yo Asphalt ~:c>- ..,--- Batchwt Asph ", '3 ).. ---,-------.-

-----',- - .. __.'- Date Tested 1'-Ir.- -- ,---- """",m".-,,_,..-r- -

"}3.9 X

'tv Determination)Ii'; ~".,' III.·;' S 1/ f.p :< v

1//72: ;'''' /171,S 1172, .5

6"60 1/ 658' 5 658,5.5-1 2_. ~7 ,.- I':'';. ',j .::: / "'/. .>2·2.8 I 2·278 <2,272_

2.277•

St)l!ClflC GraIWt. in Air 1179;.'7 IrJ I..il 117t-3lWet Weiaht IE/,s 1181'S 1/79,5

IWt. in Water (,70_-'> b7n 5' AAqDifference S//.o .5:'/ /. Di $-/0,5'

SP. Gravitv 2.30 (0 2.305 2·305Averaae 2. '3 o.s:

75 Blow, ,

a 1 levI~"'" oi.""> c/-u L1. P,.)

1/ f / I?,;..'fiFo II

Marshall St b'l'twoad - Lbs. (y 'I c» "', l"",;,,) t-. '7 .",Flow 0.01 In. q cf (0:A.veraae Load ,IA'l <';

11--H.R.B •

S •S .n .

Abllolute

1 +-I_B_u_l_k_s_.s_.D_·~1

I~~I I. ---;qt. A.C. Start bWt. A.C. Read.wt. A.C. Left

IAbsorption

~~C:-;:--P-foj ect:~No. 1JeD~;~::Z;~'I7t-~ ~:= La1>:- N~~~ 0 -:i'l8ii;;:~li9¥-: ---"~~"--Project No. r

::~~i~~

18 e J t:J1oAJ

//,;.., .., //68 0 !/70.5'11,09,r / Ie..'! , ,1/7 I ,0

(" 7 1., 5 -67.;;; u » i ,»-/'l 7,D '/ '7~. - IS ,')~'oo,6

2¥ ? .... , ',>:/ <' ,~~ ";' '::: 2.~:?-Lf/~" .-' -..'

2·340c

32­t:v Dc erm~na ~on

//3:7;0 //8</ s: / / s:/;" .s:II ss:» //J?S'.C> I! ,'1 ':... ,5"u:: i:l' .::,~ ,;) <b 8' e- e-: (" ,;'/.5-.-;, ~ ~

7cJD.fJ </99·::;- :5!J:::'.,6

2·370 2.:3:7/ ?3( 'I-z» :;" a'__ • ..J C~.> c..>

'7 "J, 3 ~~

vit

10C %

>!:)f!C ~ ~c raiWt. in Air //97.5 t t e e i s: 1/99.~

Wet Weiqht II q Z-C 1/9?.$' )/ '9'9,;-

wt. in Water .095.0 &>'7'" ,0 ~..,'1""I5'"

Difference 5"62.5 5"' CI z, I.e- 5 0 3 ,0

SP. Gravitv 2.383 2.385 2 ..3/15

Averaqe 2.38<f

Batch Wt Aqq.Pen., Asphal t _LJ..~-I, - ,J'Q.Il~f!......, --- - -, ,

,------ ~

,

- Lab'No. AisPn.Yo AsphaltBatch Wt AsphDate Tested '! _ Jft'

-

/3 7 e: I,?s"o ) 4-,:.> '"/P II II

1'$7:J I)

~ a evJI~':; .o Ie?'?, 17"1.-0

/-7 10 II)"717- II

Marshall Stab'l'tLoad - Lbs. 2-oG'D Z~G. ;; "2.~O .., 5Flow 0.01 In. 12- - I '3 Iz,.Averaqe Load ~o~~~ 12-

bsorpt~on

S.S.D.

Abllolutfl li-R.B •

.Wt. A.C. Start E IIWt. A.C. Reqd. I-

IWt. A.C. Left ,

Satch Wt Aqq.Pen. Asphalt A~ -I' lOR !,('k

Lab No. Asph.Y~As"halt

~

, .~_.__.-~-

~

~. . ---- - ---- -.---- .--- -...-.-

Batch Wt AsphDate Tested ~-/~

9Y.8 %

tv Dcterminat~on

// '3'7." II'//'$" ! I ?! X.5'N ':r'.~,;' ,.::- 1/,/2~> JI -.,q ,"!.D3tP? 637.-5' !, :3 s.s:

Fb <,L ,f) S-:o s: 0 5'"'::"3,::'-Z. i?G ¢ 2·260 2.2(;·1

2·2"';'0

vi/2 81o~

. f'Sp~c~ ~c Gra.Wt. in Air /153 s: 1152,S 1/5"30

~et Weiqht IIr4'-.5 /1.5- <.... 5 ilFilv

wt. in Water ~53,o (,5/.0 l.DS"3,£

Difference «o r 5' .s0/.,5' ,,5"D.?,D

SP. Gravitv 2,,300 2·2-98 2.30bAveraae 2·501

C'.

Marshalload - Lbs. 1000 J tJ.?"c) 1?-o

Flow 0.01 In. 1'2- )z.-. I(

Averaqe Load 1/,-,0 -~ /7....75 Blow

..

,~I

b'l'

H.R.B •

Sta ~ ~tv

IW? "/&, s: '7 §1~1

/' /7' l<f7&>0 I<f

Bulk S.S.O. I5.5.0.

J\blllolute

bsorption~P' Gravity

.Wt. A.C. Start

I· IWt. A.C. Read.wt. A.C. Left \

.Wti $ S au t a (j- ..

Batch Wt Aoo. J2.0 CO ,

Pen. Asphalt "J1C- 16 PtI'IJ. 1111Lab No. Asoh. I..%'l\sphilIt' , <.., '2.:> ,

Batch Ht Asoh RO p ,

Date Tested S-2, !I "

, IB 8/,p"""

1/417. 0 1/7'5, S // '-ft:. o//47 ..5 II ';i (, ,C> 1/46. b

0,'13.0 c,'i-:>' 0 C-.'J2.5Soli'" c: ~ ., <'7 So < 5

2-271, 2.277 2.27 to2· 27cP

/00 ?.

s» B/olAJ. fi iSpecJ. J.c Gra

iWt. in Air 1173 c: 11'74'0 /17,-/,5~'1e t Weiqht 117'''' //7'1,5 117't'·~~ .,. in Water Go 7/." (, 7/. S (;72,0t, "••

Difference '7"02,'5. .sas.o 5('12,

So. Gravitv 2,335' 2.33 Y. 2.3'/0

Averaqe 23.3 ,;;,

Load - Lbs. i1'1 ,,, \ I //J t;' It'~",

Flow 0.01 In. ., 7 '7IAveraqe Load I'? '7:;" , 7

b'l'Sta J. lty1"f7.? / ~/.ff'w It; !T r;

'7 7 ?

IS"'" 7

Marshall

5.S.D.I Bulk 9.S.D. \bo. Gravity!Absorption

\'It. A.C. Start "3/v.) E ?..').,. -» 0

I1Wt. A.C. Read. -" I,)",,J 'II c>"IWt. A.C. Left ,? 3 .:;lCl \'f b1>

,

~~~~ ,

~~~~~~c=~~~-~~

iBa~tch Wt Aqq. )"'2,.0 t'O ~

Pen. Asphalt ' AI C~/o ~.. //8Lab No. Asph. //8t>p t..> .,

- - --.-- ~ -_..

)¥j\; !f'iYYfa~H .._. -1#: ,-$..-,-----".'_..... Batch Wt Asph ~Oj)--~"-~'--- Date ~ 'I'ested '" ~

~::I;;' ~3

Socc~ ~c Grawt. in Air 1130.$ /re 'J.$' 11';051et Weiqht· 1131,6 I/Z'?-S /13" ,5Wt. in Water 1,,27.5 (; Z b',S (,2.$,0Difference So.] ( S03· CJ ~-;., "'.5SP. Gravi tv 2.2":;- 2,2'16 2.2%Averaqe 2.2.'I2-~

vi tv Determinat~on

/1/9.5 IIIH,S /117. S1J2.0,5 J/(21 S 1//95(,15,0 6 I t".~, 61'1 S(" 0 '" S 5"030 $0 1.1, o2·215 .?;;; 2. 'I- 2.217

2,2/9

75 Blow---\--~----l

'1'1 Stab~ ~tv

it'ro '7/)04 W ,>,.')~~.. . 1/ I" I e,!!--

II> &>7 II

Marshalwoad - Lbs. 'C? 5' i? ') ,1 Roc)Flow 0.01 In. It) (<f) 1',:/Averaqe Load 'i?'''f2 /i;)

H.R.B.

S.S.D.

Ahlloluto

===---:---,1-l----""===--!-~~--

~p. Gravitybsorption

\'It. A.C. Start

I· Iwe , A.C. Read.wt. A.C. Left

_ .....X$; Xl I.; ..,lliX.!W/il($&if_,.aUE z" $,.iH!R. .• . ..,:;::#, p; """ "MOil. 'I II. Ii" ;P4\ tlWIJAIlz:taJhXlAWJif#ilUiJI W5

,lR'atchWt Acrcr. I ..,,"" ,. 0

Pen. Asohalt ,AC._/~ t:J_ 9'01

,'- bab No. Asnh.' ~.

10 Asohalt (", •oBatch wt Asnh ...-;:-.- .

Date Tested .,~ '2./Jo

Ind,' //6-8.:;;.... I)~c;, ,5'II t,"/I:; 11';',9. D ill, ., ,0

6,55', ':J 0' S:d· .i: , 5AS""".; I "flO ,~/'/ {:;'.; ...1" ell. r.2,,,/4 2.262_ 2·2$8

2,26.f.;1

itv Determination1)'71,'0 Jl '8' l. j;-J )J 'i?G~,,5

Ii 77"; II Ii )I .,,; II,?" 5"'&. f.o(.p .s: /" 7 I , o "71'.0

1'-/1,0 51 :J ,0 0;;-1 .c I s:~'43 D3 2~31o 2·So?

23p5

vSnecific Grahilt. in Air I/??§" J lC)o"•.S- //92...5,vet Webht jre:;7 7 /I 'i I.e 5 //48,0

hilt. in Water (f'I 9/0,0 IJ,I?* 5' 1/,8"-:(Difference 5"117 5-J2 \,;) ~-/3'.s

So. Gravitv Z,3'11 ,2.337 2·::32-Averaae 2,337

n >'0 1'2.-570 I'XS-o/":'1 ) <:> (0

/)..1,13 1<1

Load - Lb s , :;>,iJ.t;, o I ;),IU. <> ). S'/.. (J'

Flow 0.01 In. '1 -g q

IAveraae Load '2-i.J-q.~ ~

S.S.D.

AbDolute, ..

Iwt. A.C'. Start IU,;/ F'IWt. A.C. Rend. . 7<:'(':'Iwt. A.C. Left -,O~ llr.--

Batch Wt Aaa. f "2..0 l> "Pen. Asphalt ,

At::-ltSLab No. Asph. A 4l a..-Ii' 2-Yo Asphalt b.O ,

Batch Wt Asph "'~t...Date Tested . ~ ... 2.+

7S Blow,,-,.

.

.

.

93,(t> ;1'"b'l'Sta ~ ~tv

v'/-';; I.-9'? /"'5Q,"':; . )'7 '"1;<.f1 /3-

'ty~ " •1/3 '1, <> I! 3'i ,0 113~;;

Ill./'<> , S- /I ,/iI,a {J "38,0,,?I'J':; ,!., /9 J ,:'jq ,0

liz i o ,,'/A? f;; "'I'l,u2 f 'ill. Z, //j/d 1.,110

2,/8'7

Marshall

S.S.D.I I Bulk 5.S.D. r

oad - Lbs. 14z;E '!r 'I a I??_"Flow 0.01 In. II II I "I ,

Averaae Load <t '7 s It.

ip • Gravitybsorption

,~t. A.C. Start J / h ( I,!Wt. A.C. Reqd. 70&>IWt. A •. C. Left .LI,,",r. \·1--

APPENDIX C

30

250

,\

200 , . .,

,I

-j ~ \.

5iJ

--

100

50

.\

.. FLOW 0.02 inch units

300

250

2

-9-

-,

5

100

50

;,

FLOW 0.02 inch units

-IU2£.i,1 "";; at ZJ MumI

,J!Za!Ui2.m~*lXt4&i$ & 4i222$ Q :

300

\,

/

..

,f

250

200

50

,

\.

FLOW 0.02 inch units- ..4£ seaWWll&M! .a=£Wu iX' M Ii ri (£

300

200

100 .}

.l!,"'

?

- "--' -" 50"

, ... '

.. units-

309-

I

I

"

200

5

100

50

" ,,

\-----------~

1.__ 1 _.

.. FLO 0.02 inch units·

00

250

..'

i ,\

0,0

/-

\

\. ~

..

I

P

59

FLOW 0.02 inch units-

" -- ,::;L_

...

, .. -,

300

250

200

100

o

.'

/'

,,

FLOW 0.02 ihch units

=_~ :c:::.= ..=~-

..

300

--'--.---- ----

250

200

'\

II

100,

50

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