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Session 13NM Tools

Adapted from Network Management: Principles and Practice © Mani Subramanian 2000 and solely used for Network Management course at Universitas Bina Nusantara

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NOC Tool Categories (RFC 1470)

NetworkManagement

Tools

MechanismOperating

EnvironmentAcquisition

NetworkResources /Components

Functional

Examples : Alarm Manager Security Traffic

Examples: Bridge Ethernet IP NFS

Examples: NMS Ping SNMP X

Examples: DOS Windows NT Sun Unix

Free

Library

Sourcelib

• Developed by IETF Working Group on NOC Tools• Update available via

• news:comp.networks.noctools• ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/doc/noctools

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BERT (Bit Error Rate Test)

BERTA

ModemA

ModemB

BERTB

LoopBack

LoopBack

• Physical layer monitoring tool • Generates and detects bits• Bit error rate (BER) is calculated by comparing

the transmitted pattern with received pattern• Loop back is a feature of the modem• BER can be measured for a modem or two modems

and the link in between

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Network Software Tools

• Status monitoring tools• Traffic monitoring tools• Route monitoring tools

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Network Management Tools

• SNMP command tools• MIB Walk• snmpsniff

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SNMP Command Tools

• snmptest• snmpget• snmpgetnext• snmpset• snmptrap• snmpwalk• snmpnetstat

• Test tool is an interactive tool to get values of several managed objects, one at a time.

• Get, Get-next and Set are the SNMP commands that we learned under SNMP architecture / messages. Execution of these will return an SNMP Response message.

• SNMPWalk uses snmpgetnext to trace the entire MIB.

• Network status command is used to test the status of network connections of a host.

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Network Status

• Command: snmpnetstat host community

• Useful for finding status of network connections

% snmpnetstat noc5 publicActive Internet ConnectionsProto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address (state)tcp 0 0 *.* *.* CLOSEDtcp 0 0 localhost.46626 localhost.3456 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.46626 localhost.3712 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.46626 localhost.3968 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.46626 localhost.4224 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.3456 localhost.46626 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.3712 localhost.46626 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.3968 localhost.46626 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.4224 localhost.46626 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 noc5.41472 noc5.4480 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 noc5.41472 noc5.4736 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 noc5.4480 noc5.41472 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 noc5.4736 noc5.41472 ESTABLISHED

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SNMP Browser

• Command: snmpwalk host community [variable name]

• Uses Get Next Command

• Presents MIB Tree

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Protocol Analyzer

PROTOCOL ANALYZER

DataCaptureDevice

LAN

Raw data transferred onModem / WAN or LAN Link

• Analyzes data packets on any transmission line including LAN

• Measurements made locally or remotely• Probe (data capture device) captures data and transfers to the

protocol analyzer (no storage)• Data link between probe and protocol analyzer either dial-up

or dedicated link or LAN• Protocol analyzer analyzes data at all protocol levels

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MRTG

• Multi Router Traffic Grouper (Oeticker and Rand)• www.ee.ethz.ch/stats/mrtg/

• Generates graphic presentation of traffic on Web• Daily view• Weekly view• Monthly view• Yearly view

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Enterprise Management

• Management of data transport• IBM Netview, Sun Solstice, HP OpenView, Cabletron Spectrum

• Systems management• CA Unicenter and Tivoli TME

• Network and systems management• Partnerships

• Telecommunications management• TMN, Operations systems

• Service management and policy management

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NMS Components

Vendor Specific NMS Services

Common SNMP Services

Core Application Services

Operating System

Hardware

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NMS Components

Component Service Example Hardware Processor

Monitor Mouse and Keyboard Communications

Sun Sparc HP 9000 PC

Operating system OS services UNIX LINUX / FreeBSD Solaris MS Windows 95 / 98 / NT

Core application

services

Display GUI Database Report generation Communication services

OpenView SunNet Manager Solstice Enterprise Manager MS Windows

Common SNMP services

SNMPv1 messages SNMPv2 messages MIB management Basic SNMP Applica -tions

3rd party NMS API

OpenView Network Node Manager

IBM NetView SunNet Manager

Solstice Enterprise Manager

Vendor-specific NMS services

MIB management SNMP applications Config. management Physical entity display

CiscoWorks Transcend

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Multi-NMS Configuration

ManagedNetworkElements

Vendor 2NMS

Vendor 1NMS

Vendor 3NMS

ConfigurationManager

ofManagers

FaultPerformance

Configuration

Configuration

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Network Configuration

• Configure agents• Configure management systems• Community administration parameters

• Community name• MIB view• Trap targets

• Auto-discovery : Scope

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Network Monitoring

• By polling• By traps• Failure indicated by pinging or traps• Ping frequency optimized for network load vs. quickness of

detection• Trap messages: linkdown, linkUp, coldStart, warmStart, etc.• Network topology discovered by auto-discovery• Monitoring done at multiple levels - “drilling”

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Commercial NMS

• Enterprise NMS• Hewlett-Packard OpenView• Sun SunNet Manager• IBM Netview

• Low End NMS• SNMPc

• System & Network Management• Computer Associates Unicenter TNG• Tivoli TME / Netview

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Commercial NMS

• Low End NMS• Enterprise NMS

•Centralized•Distributed

• System and Network Management

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• Auto-discovery and mapping• Drill-down views• Fault monitoring• Event monitoring• MIB Browser• SNMP tools• Traffic monitoring• 3rd party integration

• OpenView is Hewlett-Packard’s platform for Network Management

• Many NMSs use OpenView Platform: CiscoWorks, etc

• Drill-down Map Hierarchy

HP OpenView Network Node Manager

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HP OpenView Platform

GUI

ManagementApplications

API

API

ManagementServices

ManagedObjects

• Open, modular, and distributed architecture• Object oriented design, Open API-based architecture

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OpenView Distributed Platform

Postmaster

CMIP SNMP TCP/IP

Routing EventServices

APIs

Management Applications

Communications Infrastructure

Network

• Postmaster integrates all management services multiple protocol stacks: SNMP, CMIP, TCP/IP

• Routing enables distributed message routing

• Event services control event and alarm messages

• Management services interface with management applications via APIs

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Distributed OpenView NNMs

Enterprise Network

Site A Site B Site C

OpenView NNMCollection Station A

OpenView NNMCollection Station B

OpenView NNMCollection Station C

OpenView NNMManagement Station

• An enterprise network managed by multiple NMSs• Collection stations could be regular NNMs or entry-NNMs (100

nodes)• Filtered information sent to MoM (top level NNM) reduces traffic• MoM integrates and presents enterprise data