MIT Talk: What are plans and planners for?

What are plans and planners for?Discussing aims of spatial planning in informal urbanization

SpatialPlanning&Strategy

DelftUniversity ofTechnology

URBANISM

This presentation claims that...

THE RIGHT TO THE

CITY

RIGHT to RIGHTS

RIGHT TO THE CITY

POSITIVE RIGHTS NEGATIVE

RIGHTS

PUBLIC GOODS

COLLECTIVE

UNDERTAKINGS

POLITICALLY, INSTITUTIONALLY

PROCEDURALLY

MAIN TOOLS

SPATIAL JUSTICERIGHT TO THE CITY

This presentation

shifting paradigms:from criminals to entrepreneurs

• hope

• entrepreneurship

• affirmation of the right to BE in the city

• the possibility to access a much larger and diversified labour market

• access to improved health care, educational opportunities and cultural opportunities

What do you see?

INCREASED LIFE CHANCES

Mu

mb

ai

Sao

Pau

lo Poor officialresponses

http://paulopampolin.com

http://paulopampolin.com

Me

xic

o

http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/photography/photo-of-the-day/housing-development-mexico/

http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/photography/photo-of-the-day/housing-development-mexico/

Mu

mb

ai

Mu

mb

ai

http://reachingaspects.wordpress.com


Mu

mb

ai

How can those compare to this?

University of California, Berkeley









slums have come to be seen as...

Slums lack:

+-900 million people in slums (UN Habitat)

http://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/745habitat.pdf

http://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/745habitat.pdf

Text

Lag

os



Some problems

Aestheticization of poverty

TurnerNot a new idea

http://www.spatialagency.net/database/john.turner

http://www.spatialagency.net/database/john.turner

Turn to neoliberalism

Cara

cas



What I see

ENORMOUS LACK OF ACCESS TO PUBLIC GOODSP

ara

iso

po

lis

‘Let the poor take their future in their own

hands’

Sao

Pau

lo

Sao

Pau

lo

Sao

Pau

lo

http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=929012&page=7&langid=5


Sao

Pau

lo

The Right to the City

http://acidadebranca.tumblr.com/post/27946251371/architectural-color-sketches-908-aldo-rossi




Negative rights

Positive rights

Positive rights are deeply connected to

access to public goods

Role of planning?

material/spatial

support inclusion

access to negative AND positive rights

public goods

PUBLIC GOODS

Intangible assets that can be enjoyed by all

A bridge is not a public good but it promotes

one

‘green’S

ao

Pau

lo

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Pedu0303

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Pedu0303

Green Heart of the Randstad

Ho

llan

d

http://richardtullochwriter.com/2009/11/11/cycling-green-heart-holland/




Public goods and collective action

Exclusionary spaces

http://foreignstate.com/?p=1615#!prettyPhoto%5BGallery%5D/9/

http://foreignstate.com/?p=1615#!prettyPhoto%5BGallery%5D/9/

The just city

lack of access to public goods

Sao

Pau

lo

Role of the State and of planning

Sao

Pau

lo

Different models of democratic societies

Models of society

Tne European experience

Th

e H

ag

ue

http://www.geheugenvanwest.nl/attachment/9226


Th

e H

ag

ue



Am

ste

rdam

http://www.geheugenvanwest.nl/12504/nl/het-ouderlijk-huis-van-hilbert-steensma-groenpad



Am

ste

rdam

Consequences for the role of

governments (and planners)

Interconnections positive rights and

the right to the city

Sao Paulo

Sao

Pau

lo

0 20kmN

Anhanguera

Perus

Jaragua

S.

D omingos

Pirituba

Freguesia

do O

Brasilandia

Limao

Cachoei-

rinha

Mandaqui

Casa

Verde Santana

Trememb e

Tucuruvi

Jacana

Vila

Medeiros

Vila Maria

Vila

Guilherme

Cangaiba

Penha

Tatuape

Carrao

Belem

Mooca

Agua Rasa

Vila Matilde

Vila

Formosa

Ermelino

Matarazzo

Itaquera

Ponte Rasa

Artur

Alvim

Cidade Lider

Parque do

Carmo

Jose

Bonifacio

Cidade

Tiradentes

Guaianases

Lajeado

Vila Curuca

Itaim Paulista

Jardim

Helena

Sao

M iguel

Vila Jacui

Iguatemi

Sao Rafael

Sao MateusSapopopembaemba

Aricanduva

Sao LucasVila

Pruden teIpiranga

Sacoma

Cursino

Jabaquara

Cidade

Ademar

Pedreira

Cidade D utra

Grajau

Socorro

Camp o

Grande

Santo Amaro

Parelheiros

Marsilac

Jardim A ngela

Jardim

Sao LuisCapao

Redondo

Camp o Limpo

Vila Andrade

Vila Sonia

MorumbiRaposo Tavares

Rio Pequeno Butanta

Jaguare

Vila

Leopoldina

LapaJaragua

Alto de

Pinheiros

Itaim

BibiMoema

Camp o

Belo

Saude

Vila

Mariana

Jardim

PaulistaPinheiros

Perdizes

Barra Funda

Consolacao

Santa

Cecilia

Bela

VistaLib erdade

Cambuci

Bras

PariBom

Retiro

Serepublica

Norway

Norway

Iceland

Iceland

Australia

Australia

SWEDEN

SWEDEN

Netherlands

Japan

Denmark

Finland

FRance

Austria

Austria

New Zealand

germany

spain

spain

Hong kong

Hong kong

singapore

singapore

slovenia

s.Korea

kyrgyztan

Dominican Rep.S. Korea

S.KOrea

Cyprus

cyprus

cyprus

cyprus

cyprus

cyprus

cyprus

Czech

Rep.

Malta

MALTA

MALTA

Argentina

Argentina

Argentina

Argentina

Argentina

poland

poland

chile

chile

estonia

slovakia

qatar

bahrain

bahrain

croatia

cyprusuruguay

latvia

st kitts

bahamas

bahamas

bahamas

seychelles

seychelles

cuba

cuba

cuba

mexico

bulgaria

Panama

Panama

lybia

lybia

lybia

Malaysia

Malaysia

Russia

mauritius

bosnia

oman

Albania

thailand

venezuela

saudi arabia

ukraine

ukraine

ukraine

ukraine

perukazakhstan

Dominican

republic

China

sri lanka

sri lanka

turkey

bulgaria

Sky high: SWEDEN

Very high: Spain

high: Czech republic

moderately high: mexico

Medium: thailand

Medium to low: kyrgystan

HDI Human development index (2007(

city of sao paulo districts compareddata source: PMSP and IBGE/PNUD 2007

there are no districts that score less than 0.7, therefore no district with low HDI

the lowest HDI index belongs to marsilac (0.701

Sao

Pau

lo

22.5% middle or high vulnerability (2.5 million people)S

ao

Pau

lo

http://www.seade.gov.br/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1163&Itemid=48

http://www.seade.gov.br/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1163&Itemid=48



Sao

Pau

lo

vo

te d

istr

ibu

tio

n

may

ora

l e

lecti

on

s 2

012

http://estadaodados.com/saopauloquebalanca/

http://estadaodados.com/saopauloquebalanca/

Sao

Pau

lo

eth

nic

dis

trib

uti

on

Sao

Pau

lo

favelaS

ao

Pau

lo

favela: initial stages

Sao

Pau

lo

favela: ‘consolidated’

Sao

Pau

lo

Ocupação clandestina

Sao

Pau

lo

Loteamentoirregular

Sao

Pau

lo

Ocupação as political action

Sao

Pau

lo

Civil and political consequences of illegality

subversion of the rule of law

Pin

he

irin

ho

http://www.istoe.com.br/reportagens/paginar/188341_OS+ERROS+DE+ALCKMIN/3





Pin

he

irin

ho If housing is a priviledge,

then occupying is a right.

Pin

he

irin

ho

But how did we get there?

1964

Mil

itary

ru

le

S. Paulo: Explosive Growth

Mass

ru

ral

mig

rati

on

ABCstrikes

Socialmovements

Christian (catholic) Base Communities

http://cebscearan1.blogspot.nl/2011/03/fortaleza-cebs-realiza-ato-publico-em.html



Diretas Ja

Direct Elections Now

1988Constitution

https://redeextremosul.wordpress.com/tag/comunicacao/

https://redeextremosul.wordpress.com/tag/comunicacao/

Statute of the City (2001):

37 X ‘right to the city’

Sao

Pau

lo CDHU Lapa

Sao

Pau

lo Mutirao: Self Help

Sao

Pau

lo Mutirao

http://cidadeaberta.org.br/nos-tempos-do-governo-luiza-erundina/


Sao

Pau

lo Mutirao

“the medicine against corruption: self-help and self-management”



Loteamentoirregular

Sao

Pau

lo Projeto Cingapura

Sao

Pau

lo Projeto Cingapura

http://www.flickr.com/photos/viveca/6278172719/

http://www.flickr.com/photos/viveca/6278172719/

Unified Educational Centres

CEU

http://www.skyscrapercity.com


recently

Para

iso

po

lis

http://danieldebonis.org/2012/04/16/as-novas-cidades-de-sao-paulo/




recently

He

lio

po

lis





recently



Jard

im P

an

tan

al

recently

recentlyParq

ue

do

Gato

Fave

la d

o M

oin

ho

http://www.valor.com.br/brasil/2831894/incendio-destroi-barracos-em-favela-em-sp-e-para-linha-do-trem






Pin

he

irin

ho

http://oesquema.com.br/vendofoto/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/pinheirinho-14.jpg






Est

aia

din

ha 2

013

http://br.noticias.yahoo.com/durante-reintegra

http://br.noticias.yahoo.com/durante-reintegra

base for the constitution of

legitimate demands

Integration of the right to the city with urban

development

role of planning?

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01436597.2013.851890?journalCode=ctwq20%23.UxRsMHk6aQw








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MIT Talk: What are plans and planners for?

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Transcript of MIT Talk: What are plans and planners for?