Chapter 36 Image Formation 2 1. Thin Lens 2. Multi lens/mirror system.
Mirror and lens notes
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Mirrors & LensesMirrors & LensesHow Light Moves
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When light strikes an object, 3 things can happen.
ReviewReview
The light can be:
TransmittedReflected Absorbed
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Incident Ray Normal Reflected Ray
Angle of incidence
Plane Mirror
Light reflects off a plane (flat) mirror in a certain way.
Angle of reflection
Reflection Off A Plane MirrorReflection Off A Plane Mirror
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The Law of ReflectionThe Law of ReflectionThe Law of Reflection states that for a plane mirror:
Incident Ray Normal Reflected Ray
Angle of incidence
Plane Mirror
Angle of incidence
Angle of Incidence = Angle of Reflection
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Light rays reflect off a plane mirror in a regular way.
Angle of Incidence = Angle of ReflectionThis makes the light rays seem to come from behind the mirror at an equal distance..
Images In A Plane MirrorImages In A Plane Mirror
This forms an image that is upright and the same size.
It is a virtual image, since the light is not actually
coming from the image.
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Forming A Virtual ImageForming A Virtual Image
Virtual Image
Upright
Same Size
Reversed
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Concave mirrors have surfaces that curve inward.
A concave mirror reflects light rays so that they converge (meet) at a certain point.
Concave MirrorsConcave Mirrors
We call this point the focal point of the mirror.
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Concave mirrors form images in 2 different ways.
The type of image depends on the distancethe object is placed from the focal point.
Concave MirrorsConcave Mirrors
Focal Point
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1. Object is placed behind the focal point.
Real Image
Upside down
Smaller
2. Object is placed in front of the focal point.
Virtual Image
Upright
Larger
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Convex mirrors have surfaces that curves outward.
A convex mirror reflects light rays so that they diverge (spread out).
Convex MirrorsConvex Mirrors
The light rays do NOTmeet at a focal point in front of the mirror.
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Convex mirrors ALWAYS form images the same way.
A convex mirror forms a virtual imagethat is smaller than the true object.
Convex MirrorsConvex Mirrors
Focal Point
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Refraction is when light rays are bent.
When light rays pass from one material to another, the light rays refract (bend).
RefractionRefraction
The rays change directionwhere the 2 materials meet.
The light bends because it changes speed in different
materials (mediums).
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RefractionRefraction
Light travels fast
Light travels slow
Medium 1 - Air
Medium 1 - Water
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Index of RefractionIndex of RefractionSome mediums refract light rays more than others.
This is described by the index of refraction.
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Index of RefractionIndex of RefractionSome mediums refract light rays more than others.
This is described by the index of refraction.
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Index of RefractionIndex of RefractionSome mediums refract light rays more than others.
This is described by the index of refraction.
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Index of RefractionIndex of RefractionIndexes of Refraction for Common Materials
Vacuum 1.00
Air 1.01
Water 1.33
Glycerine 1.47
Glass 1.52
Diamond 2.42
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A lens is a curved device that refracts light precisely.
Lenses are useful because they can refract light rays in a predictable way.
LensesLenses
There are 2 types of lenses:
Concave Convex
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A concave lens is thinner in the middle.
A concave lens bends parallel light rays to make them diverge.
Concave LensConcave Lens
Produce a virtual image
only
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A convex lens is thicker in the middle.
A convex lens bends parallel light rays so that they meet at a focal point.
Convex LensConvex Lens
Produce a real or a
virtual image
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Lenses have many uses.
LensesLenses
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Any Questions?Any Questions?