Chinese Porcelain during Ming and Qing Dynasties Presented by Si Hongbo.
Ming and Qing Dynasties. Last 3 Dynasties (Beijing) Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368) –Mongolian –north...
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Transcript of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Last 3 Dynasties (Beijing) Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368) –Mongolian –north...
Ming and Qing Dynasties
Last 3 Dynasties (Beijing)
• Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368)– Mongolian– north of China proper
• Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)– Han Chinese
• Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)– Manchu– northeast of China proper
Confucian culture
• modern concept of political nation state
• Chinese defined by Confucian culture
• civil service exam (605-1905)– social mobility– reward diligence, discipline, and willpower,
but not talent or innovation
Social hierarchy and mobility
• scholar-officials, farmers, artisans, and merchants
• scholar-official-landlord– learning, political power, and economic wealth
• local elite (gentry) and lineage
• lack of work ethic– literati’s long gown– foot-binding for women
Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644)
China’s Tributary System
• Traditional system for managing foreign relations
• The ``Central Kingdom” worldview
• Ming dynasty had the most extensive tributary system– tributes from East Asia, South Asia, Southeast
Asia, and even West Asia and Africa
Zheng He’s fleet (1405 - 1433)
• Over 300 ships & 20,000 men
• trade and commerce
• Southeast Asia, South Asia, West Asia, and East Africa
Zheng He’s expeditions
Qing Dynasty (1644 - 1912)
• Ming dynasty fell in 1644 amid peasant uprisings and Manchu invasion
• Manchu and Han Chinese
Ming and Qing Emperors
Mandate of Heaven
The 6 Bu
• Ministries
• 6-Bu system started in early Tang Dynasty (618 - 907)
The 6 Bu (ministries)
• Ministry of Personnel
• Ministry of Revenue
• Ministry of Rites
• Ministry of Military
• Ministry of Criminal Justice
• Ministry of Public Works
Emperor & Macartney (1793)