MINERALS&

YOU

Minerals And YouOverview :

Minerals are the elements that comprise the entire

Universe, this Earth and everything in it, including you. Like

Chromium, magnesium, iron, zinc and so on..

Your body is a masterpiece, formed from these

elements. As such, it is important to constantly replenish

your body with the elements it uses on a daily basis.

Chemical and electrical processes are occurring within

your body at every moment. Processes that can only

function correctly if the proper balance of minerals is

continually being supplied to your system. Iron for your

blood, sulphur for your muscles, calcium for your bones and

an aggregation of many other elements in balanced trace

amounts to ensure the proper function of your body.

Minerals are essential for good health. The body utilizes

over 80 minerals for maximum function. Because our plants

and soils are so nutrient depleted, even if we eat the

healthiest foods, we are not getting all the minerals we

need. Evidence of mineral malnutrition are various minor

and serious health conditions such as energy loss,

premature ageing, diminished senses, and degenerative

diseases like osteoporosis, heart disease, and cancer. In

many cases, these could be prevented with proper mineral

supplementation.

Every living cell depends on minerals for proper

structure and function: Minerals are needed for the

formation of blood and bones, the proper composition of

body fluids, healthy nerve function, proper operation of the

cardiovascular system, among others. Like vitamins,

minerals function as coenzymes, enabling the body to

perform its functions including energy production, growth

and healing. Because all enzyme activities involve

minerals, they are essential for the proper utilization of

vitamins and other nutrients. Nutritionally, minerals are

grouped into two categories: bulk or essential minerals,

also called macrominerals, and trace minerals or

microminerals. Macrominerals such as calcium and

magnesium are needed by the body in larger amounts.

Although only minute quantities of trace minerals are

needed, they are nevertheless important for good health

Microminerals include boron, chromium, iron, zinc, and

many others.

As important as vitamins are, they can do nothing for you

without minerals. Vitamins cannot be assimilated without

the aid of minerals. And though the body can manufacture a

few vitamins, it cannot manufacture a single mineral. All

tissues and internal fluids of our body contain varying

quantities of minerals. Minerals are constituents of the

bones, teeth, soft tissue, muscle, blood, and nerve cells.

They are vital to overall mental and physical well being.

Of all the elements found in nature, four of them are carbon,

hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen make up 96% of our body

weight. Minerals make up the remaining 4%, but lack of just

one of them makes life impossible.

Our body requires nearly two thirds of all the elements

known to man in order to maintain health, keeping these

minerals in balance is a complex, yet incredibly vital task.

The events of everyday living demand a continual ingestion

of minerals. With 92 known elements and hundreds of

isotopic variations, it's no wonder that scientists are only

now beginning to discover the complex effects and inter-

relationships of minerals in our systems, how minerals

maintain a healthy balance and what adverse effects are

created by a mineral imbalance.

Experts estimate that 90% of us suffer from mineral

imbalance and deficiency to some degree. It can be even

you maybe because of frequent exercise, stress or a diet of

overly refined, nutrient poor foods, your body will make

futile attempts to correct the situation, usually resulting in

food cravings, muscle cramps and general fatigue.

All of the 75 Trace Minerals are in natural food for best

immunity and health. New science shows that all the trace

minerals must be in food to avoid immune weakness and

illness. Our modern food is lethally deficient in trace

minerals.

Human life needs all the minerals to maintain healthy

bodily functions. Real natural food grown under natural

conditions carries 75 trace minerals. Our modern altered

food growing methodology offers no food of such all trace

minerals quality anymore. On the contrary, our modern food

is highly deficient in trace minerals and causes

contemporary catastrophic health decline. Man interfered

with the evolution of natural food and that influences his

own evolution. Our planting fields are unable to offer a food

chain of all trace mineral quality. Sick soil, sick plants, that

leads us as sick people!!!

Peter Staheli's research about natural food shows that

A New Plague: Mineral Imbalance

today, most human consume food that is disastrously

unnatural and unhealthy. food available in the market is not

only biochemical but also unfit for human digestion, and

highly deficient in trace minerals. Such wrong and defective

nutrition works against sound evolution of the Human race,

sickness and even children grow up with physical defects.

Immunity and health are connected to food habits and

food intake.

We grow and consume predominantly cereals and other

seeds, which contain mostly inorganic acids that, are the

main part of human natural food and not fit for the human

digestive system, which is predominantly herbivorous.

Furthermore, the need for planting land seduced us to cut

down all the trees and through that we managed to

maneuver ourselves into an irrevocable Trace Minerals

Famine!

Available natural food is Trace Minerals Famine that

causes unnatural immune weakness and epidemic

illnesses of all kinds, in particular our epidemic

susceptibility to Aids and Cancer.

Illnesses and immune weakness plagued modern

mankind as well as our domesticated animals. The reason

for this is that we eat the wrong food and food that lacks all

trace minerals quality.

Any upset of the all trace minerals balance, any

deficiency of one or another element, the body require

causes immune weakness, illnesses, suffering and a

shorter life. Aids and Cancer are two classic examples of

our modern natural food problem and trace minerals

hunger. Aids and Cancer are unseeded but typical

degeneration syndromes, illnesses that are widely

experienced today. In the present day's demand it has

become impossible to plant natural food that can suit our

life process and to grow food containing trace minarals.

Traditionally, eating fresh grains, fruits and vegetables,

grown in nutrient rich soils have been the primary supply for

The Stripping of Mother Earth

the full spectrum of ionically charged minerals. In today's

world, naturally occurring, nutrient-rich soil is unfortunately

becoming rare. As far back as 1936, Senate Document 264

warned Americans that the soils used to grow fruits and

vegetables were seriously deficient in needed minerals.

Continues cropping and the ravages of pollution robbing

the soil minerals needed to sustain life. Aggressive modern

farming techniques have brought many of the Earth's

minerals to the surface, where they have been washed

away. The introduction of artificial fertilizers at the

beginning of the last century greatly increased crop yields

but put back into the soil only three nutrients, nitrate,

phosphate, potassium, (NPK), sufficient for crops to

flourish but not enough for humans to flourish which is over

70, according to most nutritionists. Synthesized fertilizers

are routinely applied to fields where minerals are depleted,

but man-made fertilizers provide only enough mineral

substance to support basic plant life Numerous trace

minerals, essential to human life, aren't replenished.

We get our minerals in organic form from the plants and

animals we eat and plants get them in metallic form from the

soil, so our mineral intake is dependent on the mineral

content of the soil. Over the years there has been a gradual

depletion of minerals in the soil due to over-farming.

Many of the trace elements once abundant in our soil

have been washed into the oceans. There, they are found in

proper proportions as same proportions as that are found

in healthy bodies. Even today, these life sustaining sea

waters cannot be recreated by science all elements

necessary to support human life are ionically charged and

in perfect balance being absorbed into the cells of your

body.

In a few surviving inland seas, as the Great Salt Lake in

western North America, these essential elements exist in

highly concentrated, salubrious proportions. The fact that

the minerals are in a similar proportion to healthy living

matter is a key and this intricate balance of every mineral

and trace element in seawater is why it is so beneficial to

the human body.

An ionic mineral is an element that has a charge, either

positive or negative. In molecular level, it means that the

element has either one too many or one too few electrons.

This unstable ionic state allows the element to bond readily

with water, making it possible for the body to absorb it. In

this state, an element has specific positive or negative

electrical signs that cause a dynamic equilibrium to take

place. The body can then facilitate changes to move

nutrients to the areas that need them.

Where Have All the Minerals Gone?

What Are lonically Charged Minerals?

The Importance of Ionic Minerals

The Key Role of Absorption

The Secret of Life in a Dead Inland Sea

Concentrated Mineral Drops

Complete, Soluble, Liquid Ionic Minerals

Every second of every day, your body relies on ionic

minerals and trace minerals to generate and conduct

billions of tiny electrical impulses. Without these impulses,

not a single muscle, including your heart, would be able to

function. Your brain would not function and the cells would

not be able to use osmosis to balance your water pressure

and absorb nutrients. To ensure you get the ionically

charged electrolytes your body needs, you should choose

only ionic mineral supplements.

You can not benefit from minerals unless you can

absorb them. The absorption of minerals takes place

primarily in the small intestine. As food passes through,

minerals transfer into the bloodstream through the walls of

the intestine.This can only happen if the minerals are

ionically charged. Although stomach acid helps to ionize

the minerals in foods, a mineral supplement should already

contain naturally ionized minerals to be fully absorbed.

Western North America's Great Salt Lake is the world's

oldest inland' sea. A remnant of the last great Ice Age, it has

been collecting and concentrating the minerals and trace

elements of the surrounding Rocky Mountains for ten

thousand years. The result is nutrient rich water which

contain over 70 ionically charged minerals and trace

elements, eight to ten times more concentrated than

normal seawater and precisely the same proportion as

healthy human fluids. It is from this source that Mineral

Resources International (MRI) harvests the elements and

trace minerals that go into every product.

Concentrated Mineral Drops originates from the

isolated waters of the north arm of the Great Salt Lake,

Utah, USA. The Great Salt Lake itself covers some 6,000

square kilometers and represents a terminal collection of

the rivers and streams. This drainage system covers an

area of 90,000 square kilometers of the Rocky Mountains.

The rocks and soils that comprise the drainage basin

represent all the major lithologies igneous, metamorphic

and sedimentary and cover the entire time span of the

Geological Record from Pre Cambrian to Recent.

Consequently the waters of the Great Salt Lake contain

within them like the Sea itself in a dissolved ionic form, all

the elements present in the Periodic Table.

To obtain Concentrated Mineral Drops, the brine of the

Great Salt Lake is concentrated further in evaporation

ponds to dramatically increase the concentration of

dissolved elements. As a result of exposure to the natural

elements of the sun, wind, rain and frost, 98% of the water

originally placed into the ponds is evaporated and 99.5% of

the Sodium Chloride is removed via natural precipitation

from what becomes a super saturated solution.

Concentrated Mineral Drops, then, is a highly saturated,

ionic, brine solution. It is a homogenous “true solution” with

all particles in their dissolved ionic state having radii

between 27 (BE2+) and 220 (I-) picometers. It contains 78,

and possibly more, naturally occuring elements in a saline

and charge balanced form.

The Concentrate Analysis Summary sheets list the

minerals present in order of concentration, their average

concentration in ppm and the actual ranges found during

analytical testing. It should be noted, however, that the

mean of the ranges does not necessarily corelate with the

actual average of all the test values. We have committed an

extensive amount of resources to find and utilize the world's

foremost analytical laboratories in order to determine and

validate the composition of concentrated drops.

Analytical methods include Ion Chromatography, Cold

Vapour Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace Atomic

Absorption, Atomic Absorption, Titration, Induced Coupled

Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry, Induced Coupled

Plasma Mass Spectrometer, Flame Photometer, and

Specific Ion Electrodes.Seasonal variation contributes

some what to the broadness of the ranges given, but more

significant than this is the variation experienced between

laboratories. The later variation is due to interference

caused by the complexity of the brine solution and also

differences in methodology of the analytical protocol.

Therefore, we are open to results of future analytical work

and retain the right to change and refine this document

without notice. The information presented has been

reviewed and approved by a team of professors from

Weber State University, Utah, USA.

We test our ponds regularly for a broad spectrum of

contaminants, including tests during every major harvest

period. Contaminant tests include organic and petroleum

chemicals, agricultural chemicals and pesticides, and

heavy metals. Heavy metals testing also provide some data

on additional trace elements.

Concentrated Mineral Drops offers in 30 drops the

mineral content equivalent of one third of a cup of sea water

with 99.5% of the sodium removed. This product was

specifically designed to contain a minimal amount of

sodium. Most Europeans have an unnaturally large intake

of sodium, of which only 5% comes naturally from the food

we eat. It has been estimated that most people consume

twice as much sodium as potassium, while an ideal diet

should consist of 5 times more potassium than sodium.

This product is intended to be a comprehensive mineral

and electrolyte supplement, that can be confidently used as

a complement to all alternative / complementary therapies

to provide a complete, full spectrum trace mineral support.

Concentrated Mineral Drops offers the versatility of an

electrolyte replacement drink, while nourishing the body

with a complete blend of essential minerals. The body is

constantly working to stay in a state of balance. This

product helps you take a step in that direction.

Concentrated Mineral Drops also provides the appropriate

physiological balance of trace minerals that your body

needs.

Potassium, sodium and chloride are all considered

electrolytes. They function in the maintenance and

distribution of water within the body. In addition, they serve

the role of controlling acid-base balance, heart contractility,

kidney and adrenal function, and vital neuromuscular

activity.

As a guide, a daily supplement per person would be one

drop per 2.7 kilograms (6 pounds) of body weight per day.

Ideally this would be best taken in three equal amounts

during the day i.e. before breakfast, lunch and evening

meal. However, twice a day would suffice. It would be

appropriate to err on the side of caution for someone with

M.E. type symptoms, as you can provide too much too

soon; 1or 2 drops two to three times a day would be

Contaminants:

Indications for use:

Formulation :

appropriate to begin with: gradually increasing the number

of drops as the person concerned feels is appropriate.

Due to its 'salty' taste it is best taken either as a few

drops (4 or 5) taken regularly during the day with a glass of

water or in a larger amount with a fruit juice or herbal tea to

taste.

Magnesium 220mg

Chlorid 600 mg

Sulphate 45 mg

Sodium 3 mg

Potassium Less than 7.5 mg

Plus the following in naturally occurring trace amounts

consult the analysis sheets for more quantitative

information.

Lithium, Boron, Carbonate, Calcium, Bromide, Fluoride,

Silicon, Nitrogen, Selenium, Phosphorus, Iodide,

Chromium, Iron, Manganese, Titanium, Rubidium, Cobalt,

Copper, Antimony, Arsenic, Molybdenum, Strontium, Zinc,

Nickel, Tungsten, Germanium, Aluminium, Scandium, Tin,

Lanthanum, Lead, Yttrium, Barium, Silver, Cadmium,

Uranium, Gallium, Zirconium, Vanadium, Beryllium,

Tellurium, Bismuth, Hafnium, Terbium, Europium,

Gadolinium, Samarium, Cerium, Cesium, Gold, Mercury,

Dysprosium, Holmium, Lutetium, Thulium, Erbium,

Ytterbium, Neodymium, Niobium, Tantalum, Thorium,

Thallium, Rhenium, Indium, Palladium, Platinum Plus other

minerals naturally found in sea water.

2ml (30 drops) supplies the following:

IMPORTANCE: A trace mineral essential for blood biochemical

markers of energy and mineral metabolism.

Boron is a trace mineral that has many uses in the human

body. It is primarily needed for healthy bones and teeth, and the

proper, metabolism of the essential minerals calcium,

magnesium, and phosphorus. Boron also enhances brain

function, promotes / improves alertness, helps to prevent

osteoporosis, and builds muscles. Boron deficiency also

accentuates vitamin D deficiency. It is required to convert vitamin

D to its most active form within the kidneys. It also appears that

boron is required to activate certain hormones including estrogen.

Although most people are not deficient in boron, the elderly

usually benefit by supplementing their diets with boron in 2mg to

3mg daily doses. It is older individuals, especially

postmenopausal women who have a greater problem with

calcium absorption and utilization. A study conducted by the

United States Department of Agriculture indicated that within eight

days supplementing their daily diet with boron, a test group of

postmenopausal women lost forty-percent less calcium and one-

third less magnesium through their urine than they had before

beginning boron supplementation.

Fruits and vegetables are the main sources of boron. It can be

found in higher concentrations in apples, carrots, grapes, spinach,

cabbage, nuts, pears, and many grains.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: decreased calcium, magnesium

and phosphorus levels, decreased estrogen and testosterone

synthesis, breakdown of hormone function, decreased vitamin D

synthesis, decreased steroid synthesis.

IMPORTANCE. Builds and maintains bones and teeth;

regulates heart rhythm, eases insomnia, helps regulate the

passage of nutrients in & out of the cell walls; assists in normal

blood clotting, helps maintain proper nerve and muscle function,

lowers blood pressure, important to normal kidney function and in

current medical research reduces the incidence of colon cancer,

and reduces blood cholesterol levels.

The most abundant mineral in the body, comprising 2% of

body weight. Calcium is needed in developing and maintaining

the rigidity of bones. It also contributes to the formation of

intracellular cement and the cell membranes, and regulation of

nervous excitability and muscular contraction. About 90 percent of

calcium is stored in bone, where it can be reabsorbed by blood

and tissue. Milk and milk products are the chief source of calcium.

Phosphorus, is present in many foods and especially in milk,

combines with calcium in the bones and teeth. It plays an

important role in energy metabolism of the cells, affecting

carbohydrates, lipids (fatty acids in the blood that also include

cholesterol and triglycerides), and proteins.

Calcium builds strong bones and healthy teeth and gums.

Keeps your heart beat regular. Aids your nervous system, mainly

in impulse transmission. Helps in normalizing blood clotting

action, lowering cholesterol levels, helps prevent cardiovascular

disease, mascular growth, lower blood pressure, participates in

protein structuring of RNA and DNA. Helps metabolize your

body’s iron, involved in the activation of several enzymes,

maintains proper cell permeability, aids in neuromuscular activity.

Helps keep skin healthy, protects against preeclampsia during

pregnancy which is the no.1 cause of maternal death. Protects

bones and teeth from inhibiting absorption of this toxic metal. May

help prevent bone loss associated with Osteoporosis. It is more

effective when combined with: Vitamins A, C, & D, Iron,

Magnesium, Manganese, Phosphorus, Potassium, Copper,

Silica, Zinc, Boron, Selenium, Chromium, and many other trace

minerals.

• People with Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) may

benefit from calcium. Several clinical studies have

shown that calcium supplementation does have a blood

pressure lowering effect.

• Heart disease and cholesterol levels: In one study, the

daily administration of 2 grams of calcium carbonate

(800 mg elemental calcium) over a period of one year,

resulted’in a 25% reduction in serum cholesterol in men

with high cholesterol levels.

• Osteoporosis: Supplementation of calcium has been

shown to be effective in reducing age-related bone loss

or bone brittleness.

Natural sources of calcium are: milk and milk products

(cheese, yogurt), soybeans, sardines, salmon. Peanuts,

sunflower seeds, dried beans, green vegetables (kale, broccoli,

collard greens) whole grains and unrefined cereals.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: May result in arm and leg muscles

Conditions which may benefit from calcium

supplementation:

Minerals: Its Biological Function and Deficiency SymptomsBoron

Calcium

spasms, softening of bones, back and leg cramps, brittle bones

and nails, rickets, poor growth, osteoporosis ( a deterioration of

the bones), rheumatoid arthritis, aching joints, asthma, cataracts,

eczema, gallstone, elevated blood cholesterol, heart palpitations,

hypertension, insomnia, tooth decay, depression.

IMPORTANCE: Maintains water balance and acid base

balance, important stomach acid Components.

A natural salt of the mineral chlorine, chloride works with

sodium and potassium to help maintain the proper distribution and

pH of all bodily fluids and encourages healthy nerve and muscle

function. Chloride contributes to digestion and waste elimination.

It is a key component of hydrochloric acid, one of the gastric juices

that digest food.

A diet of unprocessed natural foods provides enough chloride

for human health. a pinch of table salt contains about 250 mg, one-

third of the Recommended Daily Allowance. Chloride deficiency is

extremely rare and is usually due to illness. Excessive vomiting

can reduce the stomach’s chloride level upsetting its pH balance

and causing sweating, diarrhea, loss of appetite, slow and shallow

breathing, listlessness, and muscle cramps. Although toxic in

large amounts, excess chloride is excreted in urine, preventing

potentially dangerous accumulation.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: hair and tooth loss, chronic diarrhea

and vomiting, trauma, renal disease, hypotension (low blood

pressure). In infants, this can lead to failure-to-survive anorexia.

IMPORTANCE: Works with insulin in the metabolism of sugar

and stabilizes blood sugar levels, cleans the arteries by reducing

Cholesterol & Triglyceride levels, helps transport amino acids to

where the body needs them, helps control the appetite, medical

research has shown that persons with low levels of Chromium in

their bodies are more susceptible to having cancer and heart

problems and becoming diabetic.

As a component of a natural substance called glucose

tolerance factor, chromium works with insulin to regulate the

body’s use of sugar and is essential to fatty-acid metabolism. Its

contribution to metabolism makes chromium a helpful

supplement in weight loss programs. Additional evidence

suggests that chromium may help deter atherosclerosis and

reduce risk of cardiovascular disease. Inadequate chromium can

result in alcohol intolerance, elevate blood sugar levels, and

possibly induce diabetes-like symptoms such as tingling in the

extremities and reduced muscle co-ordination.

Trace amounts of chromium are found in many foods,

including: brewer’s yeast, liver, lean meats, poultry, molasses,

whole grains, eggs, and cheese. Most people do not get enough

dietary chromium and some may benefit from a multinutrient

supplement.

Supplemental chromium may be used to treat some cases of

adult-onset diabetes, to reduce insulin requirements of some

diabetic children, and to relieve symptoms of hypoglycemia.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: May result in glucose intolerance

in diabetics; diabetes, anxiety, infertility, high cholesterol,

depression, arteriosclerosis, heart disease, depressed growth,

obesity, fatigue.

IMPORTANCE: Promotes red blood cell formation.

Cobalt is a mineral constituent of cobalamin which is more

commonly recognized as Vitamin B12. Cobalt helps form red

blood cells and also maintains nerve tissue. Cobalt is involved in

the regulation of the nervous system. It can help decrease

hypertension, reduce muscle spasms and-promote healthy

formation of mature sperm and ovum.

To be biologically useful, (organic) cobalt must be obtained

from foods such as liver, kidneys, milk oysters, clams, or sea

vegetables. It also can be obtained from Vitamin B12

supplements. Vitamin B12, which is the largest and most complex

family of B vitamins, is important for converting fats,

carbohydrates, and protein into energy, for assisting in the

synthesis of red blood cells and is critical for the production of RNA

and DNA.

Vitamin B12 / cobalt takes several hours to be absorbed into

the digestive tract and is not produced by plants, but can only be

supplied through animal products. Signs of Vitamin B12

deficiency area: sore tongue, weight loss, body odor, back pains

and tingling arms and legs.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: Poor blood circulation, multiple

sclerosis, anxiety, agitation, migraine, sterility, and

psychosomatic disorders.

IMPORTANCE: Necessary for the absorption & utilization of

Iron, helps oxidize Vitamin C and works with Vitamin C to form

Elastin, a chief component of the Elastin muscle fibers throughout

the body, aids in the formation of red blood cells, helps proper

Chloride

Chromium

Cobalt

Copper

bone formation & maintenance.

Copper is indispensable to human health. Its many functions

include the following: helping to form hemoglobin in the blood,

facilitating the absorption and use of iron so that red blood cells

can transport oxygen to tissues, assisting in the regulation of

blood pressure and heart rate, strengthening blood vessels,

bones, tendons, and nerves, promoting fertility, and insuring

normal skin and hair pigmentation. Some evidence suggests that

copper helps prevent cardiovascular problems such as high blood

pressure and heart arrhythmia and that it may help treat arthritis

and scoliosis. Copper may also protect tissue from damage by

free radicals, support the body’s immune function, and contribute

to preventing cancer.

Most adults get enough copper from a normal, varied diet,

although supplementing with a high-quality multinutrient

supplement, insures adequate intake. Seafood and organ meats

are the richest sources of copper. Molasses, nuts, seeds, green

vegetables, black pepper, and cocoa, among others, also contain

significant quantities. Deficiencies may also occur in infants who

are not breast-fed and some premature babies.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of copper

deficiency include brittle, discolored hair, baldness, skeletal

defects, osteoporosis, anemia, high blood pressure, heart

arrhythmia, general weakness, impaired respiratory function, liver

cirrhosis, Parkinson’s syndrome, hernia, skin sores, increased

blood fat levels and infertility.

IMPORTANCE: plays an important role in the bone structure and

good teeth condition.

Fluoride, a natural form of the mineral fluorine, is required for

healthy teeth and bones. It helps form the tough enamel that

protects teeth from decay and cavities, and increases bone,

strength and stability. In the 1950’s, many U.S. cities have added

fluoride to municipal drinking water at a ratio of about 1 part per

million (ppm), or 1 mg per liter/Many believe that this practice is

responsible for the 40 tp 70 percent reduction in tooth decay

dentists have observed. Fluoride’s decay-reducing effects are

strongest if children are exposed to the mineral while their teeth

are forming. Fluoride toothpaste is helpful, but not as effective as

regularly in gested fluoride. Fluoridated water provides most

individuals with at least 1 mg of fluoride daily. Other dietary

sources include: dried seaweed, seafood especially sardines and

salmon - cheese, meat, tea, and high-quality multinutrient

supplements.

Nursing babies and children who do not regularly drink

fluoridated water should be given supplements, but only under the

supervision of a doctor or dentist. The low fluoride levels in

fluoridated drinking water, however, pose no harmful effects to

overall good health.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: Osteoporosis, tooth decay.

Organic germanium is a metallic trace mineral that is known

primarily to improve cellular oxygenation, classifying it as an

antioxidant nutrient. It has many other uses in the human body, to

include: fighting pain, keeping the immune system to function

properly, ridding the body of harmful toxins and poisons, reducing

damage from radioactivity, increasing the body’s ability to absorb

calcium from food and supplements, improving stamina and

endurance .

Researchers have shown that consuming food containing

organic germanium is an effective way to increase tissue

oxygenation, because, like hemoglobin, germanium acts as a

carrier of oxygen to the cells Kazuhiko Asai, a Japanese scientist,

found that many illnesses could be improved through the daily

intake of 100 to 300 milligrams of germanium. Some of these

ailments include: rheumatoid arthritis, fibrositis, allergies,

elevated cholesterol, candidiasis, viral infections, AIDS, and even

some cancers.

Although most people are not deficient in germanium, those

that suffer from the aforementioned illnesses and the elderly

usually benefit by supplementing their diets with germanium.

Germanium is best obtained through the diet and can be found in

garlic, shiitake mushrooms, onions, aloe vera, comfrey, ginseng,

and suma.

IMPORTANCE: Aids in the development and functioning of the

thyroid gland, regulates the body’s production of energy, helps

burn excess fat by stimulating the rate of metabolism, mentality,

speech, the condition of the hair, skin, & teeth are dependent upon

a well functioning thyroid gland.

Iodine is a nonmetallic element. It is converted to iodide in the

gut. It forms an essential component of thyroid hormones that

regulate cell activity and growth of virtually all tissues Iodine was

one of the first minerals recognized as essential to human health.

For hundreds of years, it has been known to prevent and treat

enlargement of the thyroid gland, a condition known as “goiter”.

Because iodine is part of several thyroid hormones,

It strongly influences nutrient metabolism, nerve and muscle

function, nail, hair, skin and tooth condition, and physical and

mental development. It is also believed that Iodine help convert

beta carotene into Vitamin A. In addition, an effective antiseptic

and water sterilizer.

Fluoride

Germanium

Iodine

Iodine is a fairly easy mineral to find. Seafoods, including

seaweeds like kelp, clams, lobsters, oysters and sardines and

other saltwater fish are nature’s richest sources of iodine.

Vegetables grown in iodine rich soils are also excellent, sources of

the mineral. if you have ever noticed the package your salt comes

in, it usually says “iodized” which means iodine has been added

approximately 70 micrograms per gram of salt. More than half of

all salt consumed in the U.S is iodized. Generally, this supplies

sufficient iodine in a regular diet. Supplements may not be

necessary, unless you follow a lowsalt, or non-seafood diet. Also,

there are some foods contain substances, known as “goitrogens”

which block the utilization of iodine. Examples of these are:

turnips, cabbage, mustard, cassava root, soybean, peanuts, pine

nuts and millet. Cooking usually inactivates the goitrogens.

Because of it’s essential role in development, pregnant

women should make sure they have sufficient intake of iodine for

themselves and their babies, to prevent mental retardation and

cretinism (a form of dwarfism in infants). Americans generally

consume around 600 meg per day. The maximum daily intake

should not exceed 1 mg (1000 meg).

Iodine can also be used topically as an antiseptic. Antiseptics

are used to inhibit the growth of bacteria and reduce the likelihood

of infection. Povi-doneiodine (commonly known as Betadine) is

used to clean an area of the skin prior to surgery. Iodine can also

be used as a douche (1 part iodine to 100 parts water) as it is

effective against a wide range of organisms, including

trichomonas, Candida, chlamydia and non-specific vaginitis.

Betadine is very effective against these organisms and does not

sting like pure iodine.

Common effects of iodine deficiency are: goiter, weight gain, hair

loss, listlessness, insomnia and some forms of mental retardation.

Hypothyroidism and an iodine deficiency are associated with a

higher incidence of breast cancer. There is also evidence of an

association between low thyroid function and Fibrocystic Breast

Disease (FBD).

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: May result in an enlarged thyroid

gland, slow mental reaction, mental retardation in children, dry

skin & hair, weight gain, loss of physical & mental vigor, goiter.

IMPORTANCE: Its major function is to combine with protein

and copper in making hemoglobin. Hemoglobin transports oxygen

in the blood from the lungs to the tissues which need oxygen to

maintain basic life functions. Iron builds up the quality of the blood

and increases resistance to stress and disease. It is also

necessary for the formation of myoglobin which is found only in

muscle tissue. Myoglobin supplies oxygen to muscle cells for use

in the chemical reaction that results in muscle contraction. Iron

also prevents fatigue and promotes good skin tone.

Iron is found in hemoglobin, which is the protein in red blood

cells. This protein transports oxygen from the lungs to the various

body tissues. Iron is also a component of myoglobin, a protein that

provides extra fuel to muscles during exertion. Dietary iron exists

in two forms: 1. “heme” iron which is found in red meat, chicken,

seafood and other animal products 2. “nonheme” iron which is

found in dark-green vegetables, whole grains, nuts, dried fruit and

other plant foods. Many flourbased products are ironfortified.

Heme iron is.easier for the body to absorb, but eating foods

containing nonheme irons along with foods that contain heme iron

will maximize iron absorption. Also taking Vitamin C along with

these foods will help to maximize iron absorption.

Lack of iron deprives body tissues of oxygen and may cause

anemia. Warning signs of this include fatigue, paleness,

dizziness, sensitivity to cold, irritability, listlessness, poor

concentration and heart palpitations.

The following items have been shown to inhibit iron

absorption: coffee, tea, soybased foods, antacids, and

tetracycline. excess of calcium, zinc, and manganese can inhibit

iron absorption.

Iron strengthens immune function, iron deficiency may

increase susceptibility to infection. People with high special iron

intake needs include menstruating or pregnant women, children

under two years of age, vegetarians, and anyone with bleeding

conditions such as hemorrhoids, or bleeding stomach ulcers, and

blood donors.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: May result in weakness,

paleness of skin, constipation, anemia, brittle nails, fragile bones,

hair loss, difficulty swallowing, dizziness, obesity.

IMPORTANCE: prevent behavior disorders, promotes healthy

bowel movements, helps in preventing eating disorders such as

anorexia nervosa.

Lithium is a trace element that mediates the transmission of

nerve cells by regulating the membrane potential. It has a

sedative and non-hypnotic action. It is used in prevention of both

manic and depressive mood swings. Lithium stimulates the

elimination of urea and uric acid.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: behavior disorders, insomnia,

depression, anxiety, gout and various types of pain syndromes.

IMPORTANCE: Plays an important role in regulating the

neuromuscular activity of the heart, maintains normal heart

Iron

Lithium

Magnesium

rhythm, necessary for proper calcium & Vitamin C metabolism,

converts blood sugar into energy.

Magnesium is the 4th.most abundant mineral (positively

charged atom) in the body, with 60% in bones and 40% distributed

equally in muscles and non muscular soft tissue. Plays an

important role at least 300 fundamental enzymatic reactions. It is

a key substance in proper functioning of nerves and muscles. It is

also needed for the healthy maintenance of bones. Magnesium is

often coupled with Calcium in supplements because of its

synergistic effects (it helps the body absorb the calcium better). It

also helps protect the atrial lining from the stress of sudden blood

pressure changes.

Magnesium is a vital catalyst in enzyme activity, especially

enzymes involved in energy production. It assists in calcium and

potassium intake, prevents calcification of soft tissue, It plays a

role in the formation of bone and in carbohydrate and mineral

metabolism, helps reduce cholesterol levels, reduces asthma and

helps with depression, insomnia, chronic pain syndrome and lung

disorders.

Magnesium deficiency may play a major role in some cases of

angina. It has shown to produce spasms of the coronary arteries

and is thought to be a cause of non-occlusive heart attacks. It has

also been found that people dying suddenly from heart attacks

have a much lower level of heart magnesium as well as potassium

than matched controls. Other conditions which appear in people

who have lowered magnesium levels (magnesium deficiency):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), Diabetes, Hypertension,

Kidney stones, Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), osteoporosis, and

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) to name a few.

Heart Attack Tip: If magnesium is introduced into the IV of a

heart attack victim as soon as possible, he has a 60% better

chance of surviving.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: May result in calcium depletion,

heart spasms, nervousness, muscular excitability, confusion;

insomnia, rapid heart beat, seizures, asthma, chronic fatigue,

kidney stones.

IMPORTANCE: An antioxidant nutrient, important in blood

breakdown of amino acids and in production of energy, necessary

for the metabolism of Vitamin B-1 & Vitamin E, Activates various

enzymes which are important for proper digestion & utilization of

food, a catalyst in the breakdown of fats & cholesterol, helps

nourish nerves and brain, necessary for normal skeletal

development, maintains sex hormone production.

The mineral Manganese is essential for proper formation and

maintenance of bone, cartilage, and connective tissue.

It contributes to the synthesis of proteins and genetic material,

and helps produce energy from food. It also acts as an antioxidant

and assists normal blood clotting. Manganese is an important

co-factor in key enzymes of glucose metabolism is required for

protein and fat metabolism. It is important for a healthy nerve and

immune system, blood sugar regulation, normal bone growth and

in formation of cartilage and synovial fluid of the joints. It is needed

for the utilization of Bl (thiamine) Vitamin I. It is an element in the

production of enzymes needed to oxidise fats. It has been found

that a deficiency results in diabetes in guinea pigs as well as the

frequent birth of offspring who develop pancreatic abnormalities

or no pancreas at all.Diabetics have shown to have half the level

of manganese that normal individuals have.

Another group of people have shown to be deficient in

Manganese are individuals with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).

Manganese functions in the antioxidant enzymme “superoxide

dismutase” (manganese SOD). Supplementation with

manganese has shown to increase SOD activity indicating

increased antioxidant activity. Although studies have not yet been

done with manganese and RA, supplementation appears to be

warranted.

Sources of manganese include: brown rice, nuts, seeds,

wheat germ, beans, whole grains, peas, bananas, oranges and

strawberries. Excess dietary manganese is not considered toxic.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: Results in paralysis, convulsions,

dizziness, ataxia, eye and hearing problems, heart disorders, high

cholesterol levels, hypertension, muscle contraction, pancreatic

damage, arteriosclerosis, digestive problems, blindness and

deafness in infants.

IMPORTANCE: Nitrogen metabolism, conversion of purines

to uric acid, promotes normal cell function and impotency

prevention.

The obscure element molybdenum is a component of the

enzyme “xanthine oxidase” and an essential trace mineral.

It helps generate energy, process waste for excretion, mobilize

stored iron for the body’s use, and detoxify sulfites (chemicals

used as food preservatives). Molybdenum is key to normal growth

and development, particularly the nervous system. Is also an

ingredient of tooth enamel and may help to prevent tooth decay.

Molybdenum is necessary for iron utilization, alcohol

detoxification, and a component involved in production of uric acid

(a nitrogen waste product of protein metabolism). It act as an

antioxidant and be important in normal sexual function in men.

Molybdenum works with vitamin B2 in the conversion of food to

energy. Molybdenum been used to detoxify copper in cases such

Manganese

Molybdenum

as Wilson’s disease where levels are too high. Molybdenum

competes with copper at absorption sites and amounts of 500 meg

a day has found to cause significant losses of copper. The average

adult body contains about 9 mg with the highest concentrations in

the liver, kidneys, bone, and skin.

Molybdenum deficiency is extremely rare and has seen in

people who are on long term tube or intravenous feeding or who

have a rare genetic inability to use molybdenum. Symptoms

include rapid heartbeat and breathing, headache, night blindness,

anemia, mental disturbance, nausea and vomiting. Even have

problems with sexual function and dental caries. Marginal

molybdenum deficiency has associated with development of

cancer. In China, people consuming molybdenum deficient diets

have been found to have an increased risk of throat cancer. Low

molybdenum levels have been linked to an increased allergic

reaction to sulphide food additives.

Molybdenum is found in: peas, legumes, whole grains, pastas,

darkgreen leafy vegetables, yeast, milk, and organ meat.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: Impotency, mouth and gum

disorders, eczema, gout, anemia, fatigue, less urine formation,

increased fatty acid oxidation.

IMPORTANCE helps build bones and teeth, helps metabolize

fats and carbohydrates.

Phosphorus is the second most plentiful “essential mineral” in

the body and a key component of DNA, RNA, bones, teeth, and

other compounds required for life. It is present in many food,

especially in milk, and combines with calcium in the bones and

teeth. It plays an important role in energy metabolism of the cells,

affecting carbohydrates, lipids (fatty acids in blood that includes

cholesterol and triglycerides), and proteins. Like calcium,

phosphorus is essential for bone formation and maintenance;

more than 75% of phosphorus is contained in the skeletal

structure and connective tissues. Phosphorus also stimulates

muscle contraction and contributes to tissue growth and repair,

energy production, nerve-impulse transmission, central nervous

system health, and proper heart and kidney function.

Phosphorus exists to some degree in nearly all food,

especially meat, poultry, eggs, fish, nuts, dairy products, whole

grains, and soft drinks.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS : deficiency includes general

weakness, loss of appetite, bone pain, and increased

susceptibility to bone fractures.

IMPORTANCE: Works with sodium to regulate the body’s

waste balance and normalize heart rhythms, aids in clear thinking

by sending oxygen to the brain, preserves proper alkalinity of body

fluids, stimulates the kidneys to eliminate poisonous body wastes,

assists in reducing high blood pressure, promotes healthy skin.

Potassium is the third most abundant mineral in the body, after

calcium and phosphorous. It is critical to maintain proper levels in

the body. Potassium works closely with sodium and chloride to

maintain fluid distribution and pH balance and to augment nerve-

impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and regulation of

heartbeat and blood pressure. It helps to reduce the rise in blood

pressure during mental stress by reducing the blood constricting

effects of adrenaline. Potassium is also required for protein

synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and insulin secretion by the

pancreas. For diabetics, potassium supplementation yields

improved insulin sensitivity, responsiveness and secretion.

It works with sodium to regulate the body’s water balance, aids in

clear thinking by sending oxygen to the brain,, helps to dispose of

body wastes and aids in allergy treatment.

In one study, nutritional support to correct potassium deficiency

resulted in significantly reduced rates of surgical complications.

Other studies suggest that people who regularly eat potassium

rich food are less likely to develop atherosclerosis, heart disease,

and high blood pressure as well as strokes.

Besides not eating properly, other factors can contribute to a

potassium deficiency, such as stress, and the administration of

certain medications such as insulin. Marginal potassium

deficiency causes no symptoms, but can induce an increase in

fluid volume and an impairment of blood pressure regulating

mechanisms which can result in hypertension in susceptible

individuals. It may also aggrevate existing heart disease More

severe deficiency can result in nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea,

muscle cramps, muscle weakness, poor reflexes, poor

concentration, heart arrhythmia.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS : May result in poor reflexes,

reduction in muscle mass, nervous disorders, respiratory

failure, cardiac arrest, muscle damage.

IMPORTANCE, A major antioxidant nutrient, protects cell

membranes and prevents free radical generation thereby

decreasing the risk of cancer and disease of the heart and blood

vessels. Medical surveys show that increased selenium intake

decreases the risk of Breast, colon, lung and prostate cancer.

Selenium also preserves tissue elasticity, slows down the ageing

and hardening of tissues through oxidation, helps in the treatment

and prevention of dandruff.

Phosphorus

Potassium Selenium

Selenium is essential to mammals and big plants in small

amounts. It is said to stimulate the metabolism, and is an

antioxidant, protecting cells and tissues from damage brought by

free radicals. Because its antioxidant effects complement those of

Vitamin E, both taken together, help reinforce each other. These

two compounds together are extremely important in preventing

free radical damage to cell membranes.

Selenium supports immune function and neutralizes certain

poisonous substances like cadmium, mercury, and arsenic can be

ingested or inhaled. It’s full therapeutic value is unknown,

adequate selenium levels help combat arthritis, deter heart

disease and prevent cancer. low level selenium creates high risk

of cancer, cardio-vascular disease, inflammatory and premature

ageing. Selenium sulfide is used to treat dandruff, acne, eczema,

seborrheic dermatitis, and other skin diseases.

Whole grains, asparagus, garlic, eggs, mushrooms, lean meat

and seafood are good sources of selenium.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS. Premature ageing, heart

disease, exhaustion, growth impairment, high cholesterol, liver

impairment, pancreatic insufficiency, sterility, prostate

enlargement, dandruff, loose or dry skin, menopausal syndrome.

IMPORTANCE: synthesis of collagen, plays an important role

in bone growth and healthy waste disposal.

It is a constituent of bone, tissue, organ and nerve sheath, hair,

nails and skin. It is used for removal of morbid waste matter and

arthritic nodules and spurs. It is present as a silanate which plays a

role in the structure of proteins in the connective tissues.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: lack of silicon may cause

aberrant metabolism of connective tissue and bone, depressed

collagen content in bone, long bone abnormalities and skull bone

abnormalities.

IMPORTANCE: maintain normal blood pressure, healthy

nervous system, maintain water balance.

All bodily fluids including blood, tears, and perspiration contain

sodium. Together with potassium and chloride, sodium maintains

fluid distribution and pH balance, with potassium, sodium also

helps control muscle contraction and nerve function.

Most of the sodium in our daily diets is from table salt. Other

sources are processed food, soft drinks, meat, shellfish,

condiments, snack food, food additives, and over-the-counter

laxatives. A single teaspoon of salt contains 2000 mg.

Keeping sodium intake within reasonable limits is critical for

long term health. When sodium levels are persistently elevated,

the body loses potassium and retains water, making blood

pressure rise. Adopting a low-sodium diet can reduce high blood

pressure (hypertension) and correct a potassium deficiency.

Overexertion can induce temporary sodium deficiency,

characterized by nausea, dehydration, muscle cramps, and other

symptoms of heatstroke. Drinking several glasses of water with a

pinch of salt added replaces sodium and eases the symptoms.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: Fall in blood pressure that leeds

to shock, decreased blood pressure, indigestion, joint stiffness,

rheumatism, neuralgia, bladder ailments.

IMPORTANCE: Disinfects the blood, helps to resist bacteria,

protects the protoplasm of the cells, stimulates bile secretion and

protects against toxic substances, found in all body tissues and

hemoglobin and is needed for the synthesis of collagen. .

Counts some 10% of the body’s mineral content,It is a part of

every cell, especially in Protein rich tissues of hair, nails, muscle,

and skin.It is an acid forming mineral that is part of the chemical

structure of the amino acids methionine, cysteine, taurine, and

glutathione. It assists in metabolism as part of vitamin B 1, biotin,

and vitamin B5; helps regulate blood sugar levels as a constituent

of insulin; and helps regulate blood clotting. It is also known to

convert some toxic substances into nontoxic ones that can be

excreted and used to treat poisoning from aluminium, cadmium,

lead, and mercury.

Sulphur disinfects the blood, helps body to resist bacteria, and

protects the protoplasm of cells. It aids in necessary oxidation

reactions of the body, stimulates bile secretion, because of its

ability to protect against the harmful effects of radiation and

pollution, it slows down the ageing process. Finally, sulphur is

needed for the synthesis of collagen, a principal protein that gives

the skin its structural integrity. Truly an amazing and very much

required essential mineral!

Any diet that provides protein also provides some sulphur.

Meat, fish, poultry, eggs, dairy products, peas, and beans contain

both nutrients in varying quantities.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: Causes acne, growth

retardation, and lowered resistance to disease.

IMPORTANCE: Essential for growth,needed for cellular

metabolism, inhibits cholesterol synthesis, hence decreases

serum cholesterol.

Sulphur

Silicon

Sodium

Vanadium

Vanadium is a trace mineral is vital to the proper function of

several body systems. Its role in human nutrition is little known. It

is needed for cellular metabolism and for the formation of bones

and teeth. It plays a role in growth and reproduction, and prohibits

cholesterol synthesis. Evidence suggests that vanadium lowers

blood sugar levels in some people and inhibits tumor

development, protect against diabetes and some forms of cancer.

It appears to contribute to hormone production.

A Vanadium deficiency may be linked to cardiovascular and

kidney disease, impaired reproductive ability, increased infant

mortality. It is known that tobacco use limits the assimilation and

nutritional effectiveness. It exists in whole grains, nuts, root

vegetables, liver, fish, and vegetable oils.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS: Diabetes, bone demineralization,

deterioration of liver, decreased growth, low blood sugar,

increased serum cholesterol and triglyceride, tooth decay,

impaired reproductive ability.

IMPORTANCE: Is an antioxidant nutrient, necessary for

protein synthesis; wound healing, vital for development of

reproductive organs, prostate functions and male hormone

activity, it governs the contractility of muscles, important for blood

stability, maintains the body’s alkaline balance, helps in normal

tissue function; aids in digestion and metabolism of phosphorus.

Zinc is an important mineral for many functions of our body

down to the very core structure of our cells. It is integral to the

synthesis of RNA and DNA, the genetic material that controls cell

growth, division and function. In various proteins, enzymes,

hormones, and hormone like substances called prostaglandins,

zinc contributes to many bodily processes, Including:

• Bone development and growth.

• Cell respiration.

• Aiding enzymes in digestion and energy metabolism.

• Wound healing.

• The liver’s ability to remove toxic substances such as

alcohol from the body.

• Immune function.

• Regulates heart rate and blood pressure.

An adequate zinc intake enhances the ability to taste,

promotes healthy skin and hair, enhances reproductive functions,

and may improve short-term memory, attention span. As an anti-

inflammatory agent, zinc is sometimes used to treat acne,

rheumatoid arthritis, and prostatitis. Taking supplemental zinc can

stimulate wound healing and boost resistance to infection,

especially in elders.

It is a critical nutrient of immunity, has involved in many

immune mechanisms including cell-mediated and antibody-

mediated immunity, thymus gland function and thymus hormone

action. As zinc levels go low, the number of T cells is reduced and

many white blood functions critical to the immune response

severely lack. Like Vitamin C, zinc also possesses direct antiviral

activity, including activity against several viruses that can cause

common cold. A doubleblind clinical study demonstrated that zinc

gluconate

Lozenges (containing 23 mg of zinc) taken every 2 hours

significantly reduced the average duration of common cold in

seven days. It was shown that zinc lozenges had protective effect

against development of cold.

Zinc deficiency a well-known complication of Crohn’s disease.

It deficiency play a role in development of diabetes. Zinc is

involved in all aspects of insulin metabolism (synthesis, secretion

and utilisation). Zinc supplementation in mice has shown to

improve glucose tolerance. It is also very important in treating

periodontal disease. Zinc functions in gingiva and periodontium

include stabilisation of membranes, antioxidant activity, collagen

synthesis, inhibition of plaque growth, and inhibition of mass cell

release of histamine. It has also shown to reduce the size of

prostate and to reduce symptomatology in majority. Treatment

with topical and oral zinc has shown to reduce the duration and

severity of herpes outbreaks. Higher level of zinc are also toxic to

chlamydia and trichomonas and has been used successfully in

cases which did not respond to traditional antibiotic therepy.

Increase zinc levels with zinc rich foods in diet or by taking a

multinutrient supplement that includes zinc chelate, zinc

picolinate or zinc aspartate (most easily absorbed forms). Zinc is

more effective if taken in combination with Vitamin A, Calcium and

Copper, As a topical cream, zinc oxide is used to help skin

conditions such as dermatitis, diaper rash and burns. Some good

natural sources of Zinc are: Lean meat, Seafood, Eggs,

Soybeans, Peanuts Wheat bran, Cheese, Oysters, Seeds, Bone

meal, Brewer’s yeast.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS : Delayed sexual maturity,

prolonged healing wounds, loss of taste and smell, acne, hair

loss, high cholesterol, impotency, infertility, prostate problems,

white spots on finger nails, retarded growth, stretch marks,

fatigue, decreased alertness, susceptibility to infections.

Zinc