Minerals and its Characteristics. Hydroxide is the name for the diatomic anion OH −, consisting of...
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Transcript of Minerals and its Characteristics. Hydroxide is the name for the diatomic anion OH −, consisting of...
![Page 1: Minerals and its Characteristics. Hydroxide is the name for the diatomic anion OH −, consisting of covalently bonded oxygen and hydrogen atoms, usually.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e555503460f94b4bcbc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Minerals and its
Characteristics
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Hydroxideis the name for the diatomic anion OH−, consisting of covalently bonded oxygen and hydrogen atoms, usually derived from the dissociation of a base. It is one of the simplest and most pervasive diatomic ions known.
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PEROVSKITE
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Square, opaque perovskite on green clinochlore. Very brilliant and with large crystals (2 x 1.5 cm.).
Can be found in Russia. Scale: 6 x 4.5 cm.
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Perovskite is named for a Russian mineralogist, Count Lev Aleksevich von Perovski. The mineral was discovered and named by Gustav Rose in 1839 from samples found in the Ural Mountains.
Chemical Formula: CaTiO3 (Calcium Titanium Oxide )
Class: Oxides and Hydroxides Group: PerovskiteUses: A minor ore of titanium and rare
earth metals and as mineral specimens.
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Physical CharacteristicsColor is variable from black, brown, gray,
orange to yellow. Luster is submetallic to adamantine,
greasy or waxy.Transparency: Crystals are opaque. Crystal System is Orthorhombic
(pseudocubic). Crystal Habits include commonly
pseudocubic striated crystals. Also found bladed, reniform, granular and massive.
Cleavage is imperfect in one direction.
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Fracture is conchoidal. Hardness is 5.5Associated Minerals include chlorite,
talc, serpentine, melilite, andradite, nepheline, sphene and leucite.
Notable Occurrences include the Slatoust district, Ural Mountains, Russia; Sweden; Crestmore Quarries, Riverside County and the Diablo Range, San Benito County, California;
Best Field Indicators are crystal habit, luster, associations, striations and locality.
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
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-optical properties-Optical Data: Biaxial (+), a=2.3,
b=2.34, g=2.38, bire=0.0800, 2V(Calc)=88, 2V(Meas)=90. Dispersion r > v.
Pleochroism (x): colorless.
Pleochroism (y): colorless.
Pleochroism (z): colorless.
RL Color: Dark bluish gray.
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BRUCITE
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A micromount of brown brucite on matrix from the Wood's Chromite Mine, State Line Area, Pennsylvania.
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Comments: Crystal cluster of brucite.Location: N'Chwaning Mine, Kalahari Manganese Field, Northern Cape Province, South Africa. Scale: 7 x 5 x 4 cm.
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Pearly white, pseudohexagonal crystals of brucite on matrix.Pilcante, Trentino, Italy.Crystal size is 1.6 cm
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Chemical Formula: Mg(OH)2, Magnesium
Hydroxide Class: Oxides and Hydroxides
Group: Brucite
Uses: -A minor source of metallic magnesium, a
source of magnesia and as a refractory additive.
- Also used as a flame retardant and also constitutes a significant source of magnesium for industry.
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-physical characteristics-Cleavage: {0001} Perfect but may not show in
thin section
Color: Blue, Gray, Gray blue, Yellow, White. = Colorless in thin section
Relief: fair
Birefringence:
Moderate, some of the interference colors are anomalous; a peculiar reddish brown takes the place of the yellow and orange of the first order.
Fracture: Irregular - Flat surfaces (not cleavage) fractured in an irregular pattern. Or uneven
Habit: Fibrous - Crystals made up of fibers.
Habit:
Interference:Massive – Lamellar
Uniaxial (+)
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Associated Minerals: calcite, wollastonite, nepheline, talc, aragonite, serpentine, chromite, dolomite, magnesite, periclase and other magnesium minerals.
Notable Occurrences in: Shetland Islands, England; Aesbestos, Wakefield and Black Lake, Quebec, Canada; Aosta, Italy; Brewster, New York, Wood's Mine, Texas, Gabbs, Nevada, Crestmore, California and Berks Co., Pennsylvania, USA.
Best Field Indicators: crystal habit, luster (especially on cleavage surfaces), lack of soapy or greasy feel and flexible but inelastic flakes and fibers.