Minerals
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Transcript of Minerals
MineralsDay 3 Student Notes
Quiz Monday!
MINERALS_________are the basic building blocks
of ___________!But what is a mineral?
◦______________Occurring◦_______________Substance◦Orderly Crystalline _______________◦Definite Chemical _________________◦Generally considered _______________
MINERALS – Is it a mineral?
1. Why would ice be considered a mineral, but water would not?
2. Is coal considered a mineral? Explain.
3. When you “grow a crystal” from a kit, are you creating a mineral? Explain.
4. Name a mineral that you know of – use the definition of a mineral to write a sentence verifying it is a mineral.
Mineral FormationMinerals are formed in a few ways:
◦ ________________from magma◦ ________________◦ _____________________________(within the
earth)◦ Hydrothermal Solutions
Minerals formed by thecrystallization of magma
Mineral FormationFor each of these ways a mineral is
formed, the bottom line is that elements are ____________.
Today we are going to talk about the how they are _________according to which elements are bonded together.
Mineral FormationMineral Groups
Minerals can be classified based on their composition.
We will discuss 6 mineral groups today and how you can know which groups minerals belong to based on their chemical composition.
2.2 Minerals
1. Silicates
• _______and _______combine to form a structure called the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron. This silicon-oxygen tetrahedron provides the framework of every silicate mineral.
2.2 Minerals
1. Silicates•Use the periodic table to find the symbol for
Silicon. •Use the table to find the symbol for oxygen.•Whenever you see these symbols together in a
compound it will be classified as a silicate.
Example: Orthoclase Feldspar - KAlSi 3O 8
What other elements do you see in this compound?
Other examples: Quartz – ________
SiO2 - Quartz – used to make glass and
gemstones.It is one of the most abundant minerals found on earth!
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KAlSi 3O 8 - Feldspar – makes porcelain and china
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Mineral Groups
2.2 Minerals
2. Carbonates•Minerals that contain the elements
________, _______, and one or more other _______elements
• Aragonite – a collectors item
Mineral Groups
2.2 Minerals
3. Oxides•Minerals that contain __________and
one or more other elements, which are usually metals
Oxides
Ice and snowZincite – used in semiconductors
Mineral Groups
2.2 Minerals
4. Sulfates and Sulfides•Minerals that contain the element _________
5. Halides•Minerals that contain a ________ion plus one
or more other elements
6. Native elements•Minerals that exist in __________________•Name 3 examples of Native Elements:
Sulfides
Galena – mined for leadPyrite – “fool’s gold” – mined
for iron
Applying Mineral GroupsTo which mineral group do each of the
following minerals belong:1.Bornite (Cu5FeS4)2.Cuprite (Cu2O)3.Magnesite (MgCO3)4.Barite (BaSO4)
Answer individually, after 5 minutes you will compare with a partner.
Mineral FormationAnswer the following questions:1.Name the first four major groups of
minerals, and give at least two examples of minerals in each group.
2.Compare and contrast oxides and silicates.Only Oxides What they have
in CommonOnly Silicates