Migration Deconvolution of 3-D Seismic Data Jianxing Hu (University of Utah) Paul Valasek (Phillips...

Migration Deconvolution Migration Deconvolution of 3-D Seismic Dataof 3-D Seismic Data

Jianxing HuJianxing Hu

(University of Utah) (University of Utah)

Paul ValasekPaul Valasek

(Phillips Petroleum Company)(Phillips Petroleum Company)

OutlineOutline• ProblemProblem

• SolutionSolution

• Numerical testsNumerical tests

• ConclusionsConclusions

ProblemsProblems• Migration noiseMigration noise

• Recording footprintRecording footprint 15km15km10km10km5km5km0km0km

0km0km

4km4km

• Poor ResolutionPoor Resolution

• Amplitude DistortionAmplitude Distortion

Kirchhoff Migration ImageKirchhoff Migration Image

Modeling and MigrationModeling and Migration

oosoogsg rdSrRrrGrrGrrd

)()(),(),(),(

drdrdrrdrrGrrGSrm sgsgsg

),(),(),()()( ***

Seismic dataSeismic data ReflectivityReflectivityGreen’s FunctionGreen’s Function

Model SpaceModel Space

Migrated ImageMigrated Image

Data SpaceData Space

Seismic DataSeismic Data

Forward Modeling:Forward Modeling:

Migration:Migration:

WaveletWavelet

ooomig rdrRrrrm

)()()( Model SpaceModel Space

),(),()()()( *** sgomig rrGrrGSSrrWhere:Where:

)( omig rr

Denote Denote as the migration Green’s Functionas the migration Green’s Function

drdrdrrGrrG sgsoog

),(),(

Relation of Migrated Image and Relation of Migrated Image and Reflectivity DistributionReflectivity Distribution

Data SpaceData Space

Reflectivity Modulated Reflectivity Modulated by Migration Green’s Functionby Migration Green’s Function

ooomig rdrRrrrm

)()()(

)(rm

)( omig rr

)( orR

Model SpaceModel Space

SolutionSolution Get rid of the influence of migration Get rid of the influence of migration

green’s function from the migrated green’s function from the migrated imageimage

Method:Method:

Migration DeconvolutionMigration Deconvolution

Migration DeconvolutionMigration Deconvolution

),,,,( oppoomig zyxzyyxx

oooooo dzdydxzyxR ),,(Model Space

ooomig rdrRrrrm

)()()(Model SpaceModel Space

Migration Green’s function lateral shift invariantMigration Green’s function lateral shift invariant

• Assumption:

),( pp yx --- --- reference position of migration Green’s functionreference position of migration Green’s function

Numerical TestsNumerical Tests• 2-D SEG/EAGE overthrust model2-D SEG/EAGE overthrust model

• 3-D poststack Kirchhoff migration 3-D poststack Kirchhoff migration

of French model data set of French model data set

• 3-D poststack reverse time migration 3-D poststack reverse time migration

of a gulf of Mexico data setof a gulf of Mexico data set

• 3-D prestack Kirchhoff migration of 3-D prestack Kirchhoff migration of

a North Sea data seta North Sea data set

Velocity ModelVelocity Model 0km0km 15km15km10km10km5km5km

00

15015000

45004500

30003000Dep

th (

m)

Dep

th (

m)

60006000

25025000

Velocity (m

/sec)V

elocity (m/sec)

Comparison of KM and MDComparison of KM and MD

15 km15 km

0 km0 km 15 km15 km

Poststack Migration ImagePoststack Migration Image

Deconvolved Migration ImageDeconvolved Migration Image

0 km0 km

0 km0 km

4 km4 km

0 km0 km

4 km4 km

15 km15 km0 km0 km0 km0 km

4 km4 km

0 km0 km 15 km15 km

Poststack Migration Image of Half Sampled DataPoststack Migration Image of Half Sampled Data


0 km0 km

4 km4 km



Prestack Migration ImagePrestack Migration Image


0 km0 km 20 km20 km0 km0 km

4 km4 km

20 km20 km 0 km0 km0 km0 km

4 km4 km

French ModelFrench Model

10,000 ft/sec10,000 ft/sec

000

11

44

55

13,000 ft/sec13,000 ft/sec

19,000 ft/sec19,000 ft/sec

10,000 ft/sec

19,000 ft/sec

Dep

th (

km

)D

epth

(k

m)

84X (km)

22

Tested AreaTested Area

Comparison of KM and MD ResultsComparison of KM and MD Results

Y (km)Y (km)

KM KM

33 55 33 55

Dep

th (

km

)D

epth

(k

m)

44

22

44

22

MD MD

D

epth

(k

m)

Dep

th (

km

)

44

22

44

22

X (km)X (km)

11 33 11 33

Crossline Crossline

SectionSection

Inline Inline

SectionSection

Comparison of KM and MD ResultsComparison of KM and MD Results

2.3

3.3

1.3

0.3

SharperSharper

X (km)

SharperSharper

0.353 4

X (km)

2.3

3.3

1.3

Y (

km

)53 4

KM KM MD MD

10,000 ft/sec

13,000 ft/sec

19,000 ft/sec

Test AreaTest Area

X (km) 00 880

5

Dep

th (

km

)

1

2570 m

Poststack RTM Image Poststack RTM Image

of a Gulf of Mexico Data Setof a Gulf of Mexico Data Set 00 33 66 99 1212

X(km)X(km)

11

22

33

44

D

epth

(km

)D

epth

(km

)

Velocity ModelVelocity Model120

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Dep

th (

km

)

X (km)6

1.6km/s

4.45km/s

3km/s

Comparison of RTM and MD ImagesComparison of RTM and MD Images 66

X(km)X(km)

55 11

22

33

D

epth

(k

m)

Dep

t h (

km

)

11 66

X(km)X(km)

55

22

33

D

epth

(k

m)

Dep

t h (

km

)

RTMRTM MDMD

Comparison of RTM and MD ImagesComparison of RTM and MD Images

33

D

epth

(k

m)

Dep

th (

km

)

7.47.4

Y(km)Y(km)

7.07.0 11

22 22

33

Dep

th (

km

)D

epth

(k

m)

7.47.4

Y(km)Y(km)

7.07.0 11

RTMRTM MDMD

Comparison of Depth SlicesComparison of Depth Slices 7.07.0

7.57.5

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)5.05.0 6.06.0

7.07.0

7.57.5

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)5.05.0 6.06.0

RTM ImageRTM Image

RTM ImageRTM Image

MD ImageMD Image

MD ImageMD Image

7.07.0

7.57.5

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)5.05.0 6.06.0

7.07.0

7.57.5

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)5.05.0 6.06.0

Comparison of Depth SlicesComparison of Depth Slices

RTM ImageRTM Image

RTM ImageRTM Image

MD ImageMD Image

MD ImageMD Image

7.07.0

7.57.5

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)5.05.0 6.06.0

7.07.0

7.57.5

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)5.05.0 6.06.0

7.07.0

7.57.5

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)5.05.0 6.06.0

7.07.0

7.57.5

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)5.05.0 6.06.0

Comparison of PSKM and MD ImagesComparison of PSKM and MD Images X (km)X (km) 44 66 88 1010

11

44

D

e pth

(km

)D

epth

(km

)

X (km)X (km) 44 66 88 1010

11

44

D

e pth

(km

)D

epth

(km

)

Prestack Kirchhoff Prestack Kirchhoff Migration Image of Migration Image of

a North Sea Data Seta North Sea Data Set

MD Image

KMKM

Y(km)Y(km)

88 66 11

44

D

epth

(k

m)

Dep

th (

km

)

Y (km)Y (km)

D

epth

(k

m)

Dep

th (

km

)

66 11

44

88MDMD

Comparison of PSKM and MD ImagesComparison of PSKM and MD Images

Comparison of Depth SlicesComparison of Depth Slices 66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

Kirchhoff ImageKirchhoff Image MD ImageMD Image

66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010


88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

Kirchhoff ImageKirchhoff Image MD ImageMD Image

Comparison of Decon and MD ImagesComparison of Decon and MD Images

44 66 88 1010 11

44

D

e pth

(km

)D

epth

(km

)

44 66 88 1010 11

44

D

e pth

(km

)D

epth

(km

)

X (km)X (km)

X (km)X (km)

MD ImageMD Image

AGC + Harmonize + FXY decon image of the raw migration data

Comparison of Decon and MD ImagesComparison of Decon and MD Images

88

Y(km)Y(km)

66

11

44

D

epth

(k

m)

Dep

th (

km

)

Y (km)Y (km)

66 11

44

D

epth

(k

m)

Dep

th (

km

)

88MDMDAGC + Harmonize + FXY decon


88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

Harmon + FXY Decon ImageHarmon + FXY Decon Image MD ImageMD Image

66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

Comparison of Depth SlicesComparison of Depth Slices

66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

66

88

Y

(k

m)

Y (

km

)

X (km)X (km)44 88 66 1010

Harmon + FXY Decon ImageHarmon + FXY Decon Image MD ImageMD Image

Results ComparisonResults Comparison

ModelModel

Deconvolved Deconvolved Migration ImageMigration Image

ConventionalConventional

DeconvolutionDeconvolution

MigrationMigrationMDMD

DeconDecon

00

11 11

11

Kirchhoff Migration ImageKirchhoff Migration Image MD ImageMD Image

00 X(km)X(km)

Y

(km

)Y

(km

) 00 00

X(km)X(km)

Y

(km

)Y

(km

)

11

11

MigrationMigration

ImageImage

OutlineOutline• MotivationMotivation




ConclusionsConclusions• Works on 2D and 3D migrated Works on 2D and 3D migrated

data, improves resolution, data, improves resolution, mitigates migration artifactsmitigates migration artifacts

• Suitable for Kirchhoff and RTM Suitable for Kirchhoff and RTM migration imagesmigration images

• Post-migration processingPost-migration processing

AcknowledgementAcknowledgement• Thank Phillips petroleum company and other Thank Phillips petroleum company and other

UTAM sponsorsUTAM sponsors

• Thank Phillips petroleum company, Veritas Thank Phillips petroleum company, Veritas marine surveys, Agip (UK) ltd., BG EP ltd., marine surveys, Agip (UK) ltd., BG EP ltd., Centrica plc., Conoco UK ltd., Fina exploration Centrica plc., Conoco UK ltd., Fina exploration ltd., and Phillips (UK) ltd., for granting ltd., and Phillips (UK) ltd., for granting permission to present the application of MD to permission to present the application of MD to gulf of Mexico and North Sea data setgulf of Mexico and North Sea data set

Migration Deconvolution of 3-D Seismic Data Jianxing Hu (University of Utah) Paul Valasek (Phillips...

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