MIDWAY ISLAND – EYE OF THE STORM
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Transcript of MIDWAY ISLAND – EYE OF THE STORM
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MIDWAY ISLAND – EYE OF THE STORM
EXTERIOR EXHIBITS VIDEO: LOCATION OF MIDWAY
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It was an accident of geography that earned tiny Midway Island a prominent place in World War Two history. 1a
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It was an accident of geography that earned tiny Midway Island a prominent place in World War Two history. 1b
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It was an accident of geography that earned tiny Midway Island a prominent place in World War Two history. 1c
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Midway is located at the northwestern end of the Hawaiian Island chain, approximately 1300 miles from Honolulu, Hawaii. 2a
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Midway is located at the northwestern end of the Hawaiian Island chain, approximately 1300 miles from Honolulu, Hawaii. 2b
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The Island got its name because it is about mid-way between San Francisco, California and Tokyo, Japan. 3
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Midway is even closer to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii– the headquarters of the US Navy’s Pacific Fleet in 1941. 4
US Navy Pacific Fleet Headquarters, Pearl Harbor
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The US recognized Midway Island’s strategic location and took possession in 1867.
5a
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It became an important refueling stop for trans-pacific passenger flights as well as a vital link in global communications. 5b
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Midway soon became an important stop for US Navy ships. By 1941 a submarine base, seaplane base, naval air station, . . . 6a
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. . . and several gun emplacements had been constructed on the island and it had become second only to Pearl Harbor in protecting the west coast of America. 6b
YouTube: Battle of Midway – (1:42) – sea plane / docked / pulled out of water _ F16:09 – Gun emplacement (during battle)- F2
F1 F2
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But the US was not the only country to recognize the island’s geographic value. For very different reasons, the Japanese also coveted Midway. 7
YouTube: Battle of the Coral Sea, Lest We Forget – F3YouTube: War of the Pacific, Coral Sea – F4YouTube: Battle of the Coral Sea (Japanese characters) – F5, F6
F3 F4 F5 F6
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[TRANSITION SFX: FULL-OUT BATTLE]
8
YouTube: Admiral Yamamoto Documentary – (2:25) - lots of Pearl Harbor battle footage – F7
DVD: Hooks Down, Wheels Down – (30:51) – Carrier battle footage / USS Lexington on fire *NOTE: Could not
grab stillsYouTube: Battle of Midway (Ford) –
(7:16) – Damaged bldgs/Fires on Midway Island – F8(10:14) – US planes taking off on carriers – F8(10:31-11:47) – Carrier anti-aircraft guns, black smoke from firing, planes
flying by, etc. (lots of ‘battle footage’). YouTube: WWII Battle of Midway 3of3 Rare Color Film – F10
F7 F8 F9 F10
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December, 1941. Japan moved to seize Malaya…Burma…the Dutch East Indies… the Philippine Islands, and other areas in the central and western Pacific. 9a
December, 1941
YouTube: WWII Battle of Midway 3 of 3 Race Color Film –(1:12) – US planes in flight – F11(2:37) – Yorktown damaged / Hammond along side – F12(2:05) – Japanese Navel ships – F13(3:50) – Final torpedo blow to Hammond/Yorktown – big explosion - F14
F 11 F 12
F 13 F 14
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December, 1941. Japan moved to seize Malaya…Burma…the Dutch East Indies… the Philippine Islands, and other areas in the central and western Pacific. 9b
December, 1941
YouTube: WWII Battle of Midway 3 of 3 Race Color Film –(1:12) – US planes in flight – F11(2:37) – Yorktown damaged / Hammond along side – F12(2:05) – Japanese Navel ships – F13(3:50) – Final torpedo blow to Hammond/Yorktown – big explosion - F14
F 11 F 12
F 13 F 14
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December, 1941. Japan moved to seize Malaya…Burma…the Dutch East Indies… the Philippine Islands, and other areas in the central and western Pacific. 9c
December, 1941
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The US military occupation of Midway was an obstacle to the empire’s quest for domination of the Pacific. 9d
December, 1941
DVD: Hooks Down, Wheels Down:(33:55) – Planes taking off from Midway Island(34:47) – US pilots flying planes
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April, 1942. The United States took Japan by surprise, launching aircraft from the U.S.S. Hornet to bomb the Japanese home islands. 10a
April, 1942DVD: Hooks Down, Wheels Down:
26:30 – B-25 bombers on Hornet26:49 - Doolittle raiders on deck of carrier
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April, 1942. The United States took Japan by surprise, launching aircraft from the U.S.S. Hornet to bomb the Japanese home islands. 10b
April, 1942DVD: Hooks Down, Wheels Down:
26:30 – B-25 bombers on Hornet26:49 - Doolittle raiders on deck of carrier
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The Doolittle Raid forced the Japanese to consider adding Midway and another target - Alaska’s Aleutian Islands - to the protective zone east of their home islands. 10c
April, 1942
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The Doolittle Raid forced the Japanese to consider adding Midway and another target - Alaska’s Aleutian Islands - to the protective zone east of their home islands. 10d
April, 1942
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May, 1942. It was the resolve of the US forces in the Battle of the Coral Sea – the first aircraft carrier battle of the war between Japanese and U.S. forces – 11a
May, 1942YouTube: War of the Pacific, Coral Sea – F15
YouTube: Battle of the Coral Sea, Lest We Forget – F16, F17, F18, F19
F15 F16
F17 F18 F19
Still photo
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– that thwarted Japan’s advance toward our ally – Australia.
11b
YouTube: Battle of the Coral Sea, Lest We Forget – F20, F21, F22, F23, F24, F25
F20 F21 F22
F23 F24 F25
Still photo
May, 1942
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Midway was a prime location for a showdown between the massive Imperial Japanese Navy and a U.S. Navy weakened by early-war losses. 12
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Midway was a prime location for a showdown between the massive Imperial Japanese Navy and a U.S. Navy weakened by early-war losses. 12
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Admiral Yamamoto, commander of the Japanese fleet, believed he could defeat the American Navy if he could destroy the American carriers that had escaped the Pearl Harbor Attack. 13a
YouTube: Admiral Yamamoto Doc.(1:06) – Speaking to the troops – F26
(2:18) – planed takes off on carrier – F27
F26
F27
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In addition, a Japanese base on Midway would threaten Hawaii and the west coast of the United States, possibly forcing peace negotiations between the two countries. 13b
DVD: Hooks Down, Wheels Down:(11:50–12:14 )– Imperial Japanese Navy ships at sea
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The Japanese thought they had no other alternative than to meet the U.S. forces at Midway and defeat them in a decisive showdown. 14
YouTube: Battle of the Coral Sea – (:56) – F28
F28
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But Midway belonged to the United States - and the United States Navy intended to fight to keep it that way. 15
YouTube – Battle of Midway (Ford):(2:00-2:15) – Marines marching – F29(3:53) – Troops talking/getting orders/prepping planes – F30
YouTube – War in the Pacific, The Coral Sea:(6:22) – Intercepting code – F31
F29 F30
F31
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A line had been drawn in the vast Pacific Ocean at a tiny island called Midway. That line would become a historic point of no return for both Japan and the United States. 16a
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A line had been drawn in the vast Pacific Ocean at a tiny island called Midway. That line would become a historic point of no return for both Japan and the United States. 16b