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Midterm Review
U.S. History
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1.
This is the economic system responsible for British citizens settling
colonies.
Mercantilism
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2.
This outlawed slavery in the Ohio River Valley and set up the process where a territory could become a state.
Northwest Ordinance
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3.
Great Britain forced U.S. citizens into British Navy to fight against France in 1812.
Impressment
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4.
The President, in 1823, warned Europeans not to colonize in the Western Hemisphere.
Monroe Doctrine
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5.
This concept refers to the period in U.S. History when ordinary white citizens without land got the chance to vote.
Jacksonian Democracy
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6.
This was demonstrated using Muskets by Eli Whitney.
Interchangeable Parts
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7.
This was ultimately what caused the Mexican American War.
Border Dispute
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8.
President of the Confederate States of America.
Jefferson Davis
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9.
Parents owned slaves but they became abolitionist speakers in the United States.
Grimke Sisters
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10.
Manmade invention that connected Atlantic Ocean with the Great Lakes.
Erie Canal
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11.
Ended Reconstruction in the United States.
Compromise of 1877
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12.
First permanent English settlement in the New World.
Jamestown, VA
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13.
Religious revival during colonial period.
Great Awakening
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14.
Lewis & Clarke explored the Louisiana Territory looking for this.
Northwest Passage to the Pacific
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15.
Place where soldiers went hungry and suffered during Revolutionary war.
Valley Forge
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16.
This concept refers to God’s desire for the U.S. to experience Territorial Expansion.
Manifest Destiny
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17.
Nat Turner caused this to increase when he led a slave revolt in Southampton, VA in 1832
North-South Divisions
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18.
Organization formed to help released slaves with food, clothing, shelter, medicine.
Freedman’s Bureau
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19.
Persuaded northern people to fight on based on moral reasons for winning the Civil War.
Gettysburg Address
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20.
This was destroyed to cripple the ability of Confederate troops to be resupplied. It was a major railway hub.
Atlanta
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21.
The route in the transatlantic trade that
forcefully shipped African slaves to the colonies
Middle Passage
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22.
In this Washington warned leaders not to form political parties or intervene in European wars.
Farewell Address
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23.
This caused the rise of Industries in the North before the Civil War.
Interchangeable Parts
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24.
This individual was leader of the Federalists.
Alexander Hamilton
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25.
To keep down conflict with Native Americans, King George III told colonists not to cross Appalachian Mountains.
Proclamation of 1763
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26.
Split the Confederacy in two. Location of a Battle that was part of the Anaconda Plan.
Vicksburg
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27.
Joint Stock Company that founded Jamestown
Virginia Company
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28.
Incident that caused South Carolina to secede from the union.
Election of Lincoln
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29.
This concept means the right to vote.
Suffrage
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30.
Civil War began here.
Fort Sumter
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31.
First representative government in the New World.
House of Burgesses
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32.
This forced Parliament and King George III to negotiate peace with the U.S. during the Revolutionary War.
Capture of Cornwallis
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33.
This term refers the U.S. threatening to take the Oregon Territory from Great Britain by force.
54° 40” or fight
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34.
This was used by Puritans to boost their church membership.
Half-way Covenant
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35.
Thomas Jefferson originally wanted to only buy this from Napoleon so that he could control the Mississippi River.
Port of New Orleans
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36.
Worked himself out of poverty to become wealthy inventor and statesman in the colonies.
Benjamin Franklin
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37.
In his book, Spirit of the Laws, wrote about Separation of Powers.
Montesquieu
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38.
Individual that burned Atlanta and made the
“March to the Sea”
William T. Sherman
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39.
This region of the colonies was different than the others in that it was based on commerce & Industry.
New England
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40.
Bloodiest single day battle of Civil War. Lincoln gives Emancipation Proclamation after.
Antietam
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41.
The system of government where two governments rule over the people at the same time.
Federalism
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42.
Created the 3630 line of latitude to determine
where slavery could expand westward in 1820
Missouri Compromise
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43.
Concept that means to withdraw from the United States of America.
Secede
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44.
Group formed during reconstruction that used violence and intimidation to keep freedmen from voting.
KKK
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45.
This forced Great Britain to officially recognize the U.S. as an independent country.
Treaty of Paris 1783
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46.
One word that explains why French & Indian war led to American Revolution.
DEBT
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47.
i. Great Britain refused to leave forts in Ohio River Valley.
ii. Britain interfered with U.S. trade with a Blockade.
iii. Britain inciting Native Americans.iv. Britain practicing Impressment.
Causes of War of 1812
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48.
Charles II took this from Massachusetts for not obeying the Navigation Acts.
Charter
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49.
First direct tax on colonists by Great
Britain. Required seal on Paper products.
Stamp Tax
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50.
This movement sought the immediate ending of
slavery
Abolition
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51.
This group refused to ratify the Constitution without a Bill of Rights.
Anti-Federalist
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52.
Boosted Washington’s troops morale because it was a victory after a long series of defeats.
Crossing the Delaware
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53.
This law in Adam’s administration violated the freedoms of speech and press.
Alien & Sedition Acts
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54.
People in Salem were accused of practicing dark magic and sentenced to death using court system.
Salem Witchcraft trials
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55.
Publisher of the Abolitionist newspaper The North Star
Frederick Douglas
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56.
Extended the Northern War effort to ending slavery.
Emancipation Proclamation
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57.
Advantage the South had over the North during the Civil War.
Skill of Generals
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58.
English philosopher that influenced Thomas
Jefferson’s writing the Declaration of Independence
John Locke
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59.
This protected the rights of Individuals and States.
Bill of Rights
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60.
Cash Crop that made Virginia Wealthy
Tobacco
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61.
Supreme Court case that held that African Americans were property not citizens.
Dred Scott
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62.
Created popular sovereignty as a way to determine if territories would be slave or free.
Kansas-Nebraska
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63.
Individual chosen commander of the
Continental Army in American Revolution.
George Washington
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64.
Type of powers used by President Lincoln against spies in the capitol.
Emergency Powers
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65.
Roger Williams founded this colony based on democratic freedoms like freedom of religion.
Rhode Island
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66.
This event proved to everyone the U.S. government was strong under the Constitution.
Whiskey Rebellion
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67.
This mechanism determined how the founders would deal with slavery in determining a states’ representation in Congress (Constitutional Convention).
3/5ths Compromise
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68.
Laws passed during Reconstruction to keep
African Americans working and to deprive them of
equality.
Black Codes
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69.
This reform movement’s goal was to end the consumption of Alcohol and would eventually result in Prohibition.
Temperance
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70.
Revolutionary War ended on a Peninsula here.
Yorktown
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71.
White violent abolitionist that raided a federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, VA to arm
a slave revolt.
John Brown
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72.
Secret groups in colonies that resisted efforts by Great Britain. First time colonists united in opposition.
Committees of Correspondence
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73.
Used violence to resist Great Britain during Revolution. Threw tea into Boston harbor.
Sons of Liberty
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74.
Means denying a person to come before a Judge and be informed of charges and allowed to bond out.
Suspension Habeas Corpus
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75.
Idea that Government has an obligation to protect people’s rights or be abolished.
Social Contract
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76.
Class struggle during colonial period occurred between frontier farmers and their government.
Bacon’s Rebellion
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77.
This ensured that large and small states were equally represented in the New Legislature.
Great Compromise
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78.
Convinced many that read it that the colonists needed to declare Independence.
Common Sense
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79.
The Erie Canal transformed this place into a center of International trade, commerce, and finance.
New York City
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80.
This laid the foundation for the future civil rights movement.
14th Amendment
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81.
Lincoln’s speech in which he emphasized not punishing the South but uniting the country with “Charity for all”
2nd Inaugural Address
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82.
Weaved & sewed fabric during Boycott to help colonial efforts during Revolution.
Daughters of Liberty
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83.
Educational Institution created in Atlanta during Reconstruction to educate African Americans.
Morehouse College
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84.
Example of direct democratic government in the Colonial Period in New England.
Town Hall Meetings
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85.
This group of people owned originally owned New York but called it New Amsterdam.
Dutch
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86.
California entered as a free state, slave trade outlawed in D.C., Fugitive Slave law passed.
Compromise of 1850
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87.
This group wanted a stronger central
government and supported the Constitution.
Federalist
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88.
Proposal in congress that had the goal of stopping the spread of slavery. It failed but increased North/South tensions.
Wilmot Proviso
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89.
This concept refers to the citizens of a territory determining if they will be a free or slave state by vote.
Popular Sovereignty
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90.
Caused by an increase in Tariffs or tax on imported goods. States’ rights v. National Rights.
Nullification Crisis
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91.
Individual that helped Benjamin Franklin get French Alliance during the Revolutionary War.
Marquis de Lafayette
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92.
Group that impeached Andrew Johnson to control Reconstruction of the U.S. after the end of the Civil War.
Radical Republicans
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93.
Native Americans experience lasting defeat in Massachusetts during colonial period.
King Phillip’s War
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94.
These were written to convince the states and people to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
The Federalist
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95.
Lincoln’s main goal in fighting in the Civil War. Included 2nd Inaugural Address, Gettysburg speech, use of Emergency Powers.
Saving the Union
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96.
This exposed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and signaled to many the U.S. needed a new government.
Shays’ Rebellion
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97.
Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of Happiness
Natural Rights
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98.
Incident that proved Popular Sovereignty was a failure
Bleeding Kansas
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99.
She was organizer of the Seneca Falls Conference and sought women’s suffrage.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
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100.
The Quakers settled this colony to escape religious persecution
Pennsylvania
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101.
Native American Chief and tribe near Jamestown in 1607 that experienced bad relations with colonists
Powhatan
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102.
French colony settled because of the Fur trade
Quebec
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103.
Author of Common Sense
Thomas paine
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104.
Document written by Thomas Jefferson explaining how King George III violated human rights and government obligations
Declaration of Independence
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105.
1832 conflict in South Carolina caused by an increase on Tariffs, or taxes on imported goods
Nullification Crisis
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106.
Term used to explain the leniency in Andrew Johnson’s plan to Reconstruct the U.S.
Presidential Reconstruction
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107.
Ended Slavery in the United States after the Civil War
13th Amendment
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108.
Gave African American men the right to vote
15th Amendment
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109.
First President impeached in the United States
Andrew Johnson
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110.
Vice President who resigned in 1832 to oppose the Tariff of 1828
John C. Calhoun
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111.
Concept used by South Carolina to justify actions of South Carolina in the Nullification Crisis
States’ Rights
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112.
Period of time that transitioned from skilled labor to mechanized labor
Industrial Revolution
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113.
Invention that increased need for more slaves in the south in the 1840s
Cotton Gin
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114.
Father of the U.S. Constitution
James Madison
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115.
Explorers hired by Thomas Jefferson to investigate the Louisiana and Oregon Territories
Lewis & Clarke
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116.
White abolitionist publisher of The Liberator
William L. Garrison
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117.
This event caused North/South tensions in 1832 when an African preacher tried to lead a slave revolt
Nat Turner Rebellion
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118.
•1 vote per state•9 of 13 to pass laws•No Executive•No Judiciary•No National currency•No power to tax
Weaknesses of Articles
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119.
Commander and General of the Army of the Potomac; Northern Army during the Civil War
U.S. Grant
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120.
Commander and General of the Army of Northern Virginia; Southern Army during the Civil War
Robert E. Lee