Midterm Review FINE 112 - University of Waterloo .docx

8/14/2019 Midterm Review FINE 112 - University of Waterloo .docx

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Midterm Review

Impressionism

Three key points of impressionist technique

1. Rejection of chiaroscuro (traditional shading, using dark and light)2. The depiction of the interaction of light and colour en plein air (painting in open air)3. Equalization of brush strokes across the surface of the canvas

Why paint? What is the purpose of art with the emergence of photography /what is art?

o Painting created and portrayed atmosphere through colour useo Light colour be portrayed as colour

Explored photography versus painting Painting portrayed the sensation of the landscape

o Ex. Boulivard des Capucines

Impressionist Technique Oil in tubes Painted en plien air (outside, fast) Using contrasting colours side by side Used broad brush strokes to mimic how we see Perspective as where we are as a viewer ( Ex. Mary Cassatt Opera )

Classical Technique Chiaroscuro: use of strong contrast between dark and light (Ex. Mona Lisa) Makes studies (artist was not there when painted)


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** Impressionist painting light leaves spots or stripes

Ex. Ball at the Moulin de Galette

Avant Garde Vs Modernism

Terms:

Realism: Coined in 1855 to emphasise that subjects that are a record of what the artist hasexperienced

Avant-garde: Any creative group active in the innovation and application of new concepts andtechniques in a given field (Ex. Czanne)

Modernism: An artist who by his works make an aesthetic statement


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Ex. Manet Dejeuner Sur lherbe

Flaneur : member of the upper middle class of France (the Bougeoisie) who didnt have towork for a living. Ex. Manet

Impasto: Thick application of paint on canvas, textured surface


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Examples of people in impressionism

John Constable

Radical in his time Art was of traditional scene

o Went back and added small globs of white Ripples, underside leaves, reflection in the water When Delicroix had thought he was done painting Massacres of Scio

(1824 ) (people on the beach) he went and saw Constable's The HayWain and literally RAN home to add white to bring his new painting tolife

Did many studies of the sky

Gustave Corbeit

Ex. The stonebreakers


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Jean Millit

Ex. The Gleaners

Movement in images Only escape from the environment is a tiny window Not a portrait because you cannot see faces

o Shadows + hidden faces help set these people apart Figures take up majority of the space

o Implying importance Gleaners wear red which is colours of France

o Very political

Neo-Impressionism

Post-Impressionism was not a movemento Refers to a generation of artist who often worked independently and whose

works are in debted to impressionism

There are two Neo-impressionists Paul Signac George Seurat


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Seurat

Took studies and sketches for work Methodical process consistent with academic process Last layer are the dots Sketchy style No harsh lines Places figures within a contemporary style

o Rejected by the salon in 1864 showed in the first exhibition of independent artist

Sunday Afternoon on the Island La Grande Jatte 1884o Literalness and an abstraction at the same time

Classical posingo Portrays modern life

Money portrays the theatre or the darker side of society Upper middle class portrayal

Pointillism Points of colouro The use of Pigment to recreate light and colour

Le Chahut 1889-90o At Moulin rougeo Emotions can be depicted by angels and colours

Vertical: abrupt, strength, stability Up on an angle: joy and gayety Down on an angle: sadness

Horizontal: restfulnesso


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Paul Signac

Use of dots is sometimes overboard

3 Paradoxes of Neo-Impressionism

1. Captures literalness of a photograph but also is almost abstract in its rendering2. Carries something of the classical academic tradition, yet is unconventionally of the

modern life3. Interest in science yet contains the sense of utopian, the ideal

Paradox of the loss of the individual of the artisto Seeking to find a universal but becoming distinct as there are only really two

neo-impressionist

Vincent Van Gough

Japan opened its door to international trade

o Vincent though Japan was the ideal worldo Japanese wood block painting had a different way of portraying distance

1887 Bridge in the rain is inspired by a block print


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Examples + Explanations

1887 Portrait of Pere Tanguyo Seated in manner of Japanese Buddhist monko Aura with brush strikeo Impasto technique

1888 La Crauo Very Japan o Clarity startling yellows vs. blue skyo Each brushstroke is a stock of wheato Well defined like a print

Night Cafo Wants to depict a place where one can go mad, and ruin ones self o Portrays terrible passion of the humanity in green and redo Use of colour is effective in portraying emotiono Emotion and anxiety

1885 Potato Eaterso Earlier paintingo Emphasize the values of those that work to earn their livingo Feeling of guilt for the upper middle class he is part of

1888 The Harvest

Paul Czanne

Theme of representation and perceptiono Representing on a 2D canvas, what he seeso Evidence of strong pictorial order

Paradox of Modernity and Modernismo Concern of representing the physical world but intensely personalo Sought to restore sense of physicality/weight of objects that had disappeared

with impressionismo Revaluates traditional one point perspective that was dependent on a fixed

viewpoint


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o Uses tradition type subject matter

Terms:

Passage Technique of broken down colour

A painting doesnt have to represent something Czanne would never go as far as abstractionbut he wants to show in each of his work that it can be an object and presentation it does nothave to be a presentations hes interested in the arrangement of the colour and form oncanvas

Mont Sainte Victoire

1872-3 Modern Olympia

Rich commentary on Venus Guy is freaking out staring at the

Venus The lust cat replaces the poodle The slave is pulling of the sheets

1867-8 The Murder

Impressionist dont focus on thedarkness of the social upheaval theywere going through

We see this focus and awareness of theissues + very formal


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1879-82 House in Provence

Time is inherent in this landscapeo Source of light comes from

different angleso Traditional in terms of

perspectiveo Cezanne walks through,

observing

Gauguin and Primitivism

Provides the other cornerstone of modern art The representing of idea beyond the physical world Art is not just a copy of nature

Symbolist art; coincides with the emergence of symbolism in literature

Terms:

Primitivism: Complex, multi-dimension term in the late 19 th c

Systhetism: Coined by Gauguin and Bernard, not a mirror image of the world but a synthesisimage that has a deeper, emotional, invisible meaning; not so much a style as a style wheresimplification and concentration of elements are used to convey essential ideas

Fin-de- Siecle: Literally, end of the century , refers to the mental state of the mind prevalentamongst many intellectuals at the end of the 19 th people who were disenchanted with theexcess of the modern world

Parisians started leaving Paris to go to Britony They wanted to go out and enjoy primitive life

o Probably because the overwhelm of primitivismo Embrace the country side and also the exotic


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Midterm Review FINE 112 - University of Waterloo .docx

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