Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4...

29
Middle Ages Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time beginning of modern time 4 4 th th – 14 – 14 th th Century Century Two dominant institutions Two dominant institutions – Feudalism Feudalism – Roman Catholic Church Roman Catholic Church

TAGS:

Transcript of Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4...

Page 1: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Middle AgesMiddle Ages

1100 years – from the collapse of the 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern Roman Empire to the beginning of modern timetime

44thth – 14 – 14thth Century Century Two dominant institutionsTwo dominant institutions

– FeudalismFeudalism– Roman Catholic ChurchRoman Catholic Church

Page 2: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

FeudalismFeudalism

The operating principle is similar to that The operating principle is similar to that of the military chain-of-command of the military chain-of-command system.system.

A king owned all the land, which was A king owned all the land, which was then split up and given to great nobles then split up and given to great nobles in fiefs (a feudal estate).in fiefs (a feudal estate).

Page 3: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

FeudalismFeudalism In return the noble pledged loyalty In return the noble pledged loyalty

(fealty) to the king.(fealty) to the king. In turn each noble divided the fief In turn each noble divided the fief

giving power to lesser nobles known giving power to lesser nobles known as vasals and so forth.as vasals and so forth.

Page 4: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

FeudalismFeudalism

Serfs (peasants) were at the bottom of Serfs (peasants) were at the bottom of the social ladder and were bound to the the social ladder and were bound to the land.land.

Serfs were bought and sold with the Serfs were bought and sold with the land totally dependent on the lord of land totally dependent on the lord of the fief.the fief.

Page 5: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

KingKing

LordLord LordLord LordLord

VassalVassal Vassal Vassal Vassal Vassal VassalVassal

MerchantsMerchants TradesmanTradesman

SerfsSerfs SerfsSerfs Serfs Serfs

Page 6: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Chivalric Code of HonorChivalric Code of Honor

A knight first swore supreme allegiance to A knight first swore supreme allegiance to God – defending the Christian faith.God – defending the Christian faith.

He affirmed his loyalty to his liege lord.He affirmed his loyalty to his liege lord. Uphold laws of the realmUphold laws of the realm Bring honor through courage and fair battleBring honor through courage and fair battle Protect the weak/helpless –widows, Protect the weak/helpless –widows,

orphans, serfs, and all in distress.orphans, serfs, and all in distress.

Page 7: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

LegendsLegends

Legendary Tales – neither pure history Legendary Tales – neither pure history nor pure fact, but a narrative that nor pure fact, but a narrative that includes both elements.includes both elements.

Not one correct story Not one correct story Usually several versionsUsually several versions

Page 8: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

LegendsLegends

Reasons for legendsReasons for legends

–EntertainmentEntertainment

–Celebrate folk/national heroesCelebrate folk/national heroes

–Pass on cultural valuesPass on cultural values

Page 9: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Legend RequirementsLegend Requirements

Extraordinary events are commonplaceExtraordinary events are commonplace– A hand holding a sword/appears in waterA hand holding a sword/appears in water– Spells and enchantmentsSpells and enchantments– Knights dueling for hoursKnights dueling for hours

Page 10: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Legend Requirements (b)Legend Requirements (b)

Heroes and villains are clearly definedHeroes and villains are clearly defined

–King Arthur = hero/ a model King Arthur = hero/ a model charactercharacter

–Sir Mordred = displays the dark side Sir Mordred = displays the dark side of human natureof human nature

Page 11: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Requirements ©Requirements ©

Episodic ActionEpisodic Action– Focuses on different characters at different Focuses on different characters at different

pointspoints– When a knight sets out on a journey a new When a knight sets out on a journey a new

episode beginsepisode begins

Page 12: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Requirements (d)Requirements (d)

The hero starts a journeyThe hero starts a journey– A quest – search for somethingA quest – search for something

The stories often become intertwinedThe stories often become intertwined– The plots usually overlapThe plots usually overlap– A new story starts before the last ends.A new story starts before the last ends.

Page 13: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Sir Thomas Malory(1400 – 1471)Sir Thomas Malory(1400 – 1471)

Little is known about him except for his Little is known about him except for his prison record.prison record.– Breaking and enteringBreaking and entering– PlunderingPlundering– ExtortionExtortion

Page 14: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Malory was involved in the conflicts of his Malory was involved in the conflicts of his time specifically the War of Roses between time specifically the War of Roses between the House of Lancaster (red rose) and the the House of Lancaster (red rose) and the House of York (white rose).House of York (white rose).

Page 15: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Sir Thomas Malory teaches virtue and honor Sir Thomas Malory teaches virtue and honor by showing the difference between good by showing the difference between good and bad.and bad.

Good does not equal perfect, all characters Good does not equal perfect, all characters have some kind of human weaknesses.have some kind of human weaknesses.

Page 16: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Le Morte d’ ArthurLe Morte d’ Arthur

Was written while he was in prison. He Was written while he was in prison. He finished his work in 1469 – 1470, shortly finished his work in 1469 – 1470, shortly before he died. It was one of the first to be before he died. It was one of the first to be published on William Caxton’s newly published on William Caxton’s newly invented printing press. invented printing press.

Page 17: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

However, medieval tales often reveal However, medieval tales often reveal some realistic aspects of life in the Middle some realistic aspects of life in the Middle Ages.Ages.– Life was crude, barbaric, and even cruel.Life was crude, barbaric, and even cruel.– Fair play is often forgotten in the struggle for Fair play is often forgotten in the struggle for

power.power.– Loyalty to the liege lord was put aside in favor Loyalty to the liege lord was put aside in favor

of gainful plots.of gainful plots.– Knightly protection was often reserved for Knightly protection was often reserved for

women of class.women of class.

Page 18: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

The ChurchThe Church

The church was also organized along feudal The church was also organized along feudal lines. lines.

The Pope was the head of the church more The Pope was the head of the church more powerful than a king or emperorpowerful than a king or emperor

On the lowest rung of hierarchy was the On the lowest rung of hierarchy was the parish priest – most often poor and parish priest – most often poor and uneducateduneducated

Page 19: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

12 -1312 -13thth Century Century

Breakdown of the feudal systemBreakdown of the feudal system– Guilds – trade unions of a sort, which took Guilds – trade unions of a sort, which took

control of all trades and craftscontrol of all trades and crafts– Workers began as an apprentice with a master Workers began as an apprentice with a master

craftsman and after seven years were able to craftsman and after seven years were able to open their own business and earn moneyopen their own business and earn money

Page 20: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Middle Age StrifeMiddle Age Strife

Battles among royalty Battles among royalty Religious WarsReligious Wars Border WarsBorder Wars Wars of royal Wars of royal

successionsuccession

Bandits and outlawsBandits and outlaws Thuggery, Thuggery, Street fightingStreet fighting DuelingDueling

Page 21: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Crusades and InvasionsCrusades and Invasions

England by the Anglo-Saxons = 5England by the Anglo-Saxons = 5thth & 6 & 6thth C. C. William of Normandy = 1066William of Normandy = 1066 Invasion of Spain by the African Moors = Invasion of Spain by the African Moors =

711711 Counter invasions of the Moslem East by Counter invasions of the Moslem East by

Christian powers to the Holy LandChristian powers to the Holy Land

Page 22: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

CrusadesCrusades

Seven Crusades in all – 1096 – 1270Seven Crusades in all – 1096 – 1270 Pros –Pros –

– Longings for luxuries such as silk, spices, Longings for luxuries such as silk, spices, perfumes, jewelry, bathsperfumes, jewelry, baths

Cons – Cons – – Brought misery, plague and deathBrought misery, plague and death

Page 23: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

The Black Plague – Disaster strikes The Black Plague – Disaster strikes between 1100 to 1352between 1100 to 1352

1000100038 mill.38 mill. 1100 1100 48 mill.48 mill. 1200120059 mill.59 mill. 1300130070 mill.70 mill. 1347134775 mill.75 mill. 1352135250 mill.50 mill. 25 mill. People died in just under five years25 mill. People died in just under five years

Page 24: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

EntertainmentEntertainment

FalconryFalconry HuntingHunting Horse racingHorse racing Tournaments – melee`, jousting, Tournaments – melee`, jousting,

swordfighting, stone throwing, hammer swordfighting, stone throwing, hammer throwingthrowing

Page 25: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

DramaDrama

Church sponsored plays such as the miracle Church sponsored plays such as the miracle playplay

Comedy was added and changed the plays Comedy was added and changed the plays to morality playsto morality plays

Page 26: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Additional EntertainmentAdditional Entertainment

Street fairs – Medieval fairsStreet fairs – Medieval fairs Bear baitingBear baiting Hanging of malefactorsHanging of malefactors Burning of “witches”Burning of “witches”

Page 27: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Literature of the PeriodLiterature of the Period

TWO CATEGORIESTWO CATEGORIES– Songs and stories that sprang from the peopleSongs and stories that sprang from the people– Literature of the nobility or the literature of Literature of the nobility or the literature of

chivalrychivalry

Page 28: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Authors of the Late Middle AgesAuthors of the Late Middle Ages

Geoffrey Chaucer – Canterbury TalesGeoffrey Chaucer – Canterbury Tales Giovanni Boccaccio –DecameronGiovanni Boccaccio –Decameron Dante –The Divine ComedyDante –The Divine Comedy

Page 29: Middle Ages 1100 years – from the collapse of the Roman Empire to the beginning of modern time 4 th – 14 th Century Two dominant institutions –Feudalism.

Age of Transition – vast changes Age of Transition – vast changes and momentous events ushered in and momentous events ushered in

the modern world.the modern world. The discovery and exploration of a new The discovery and exploration of a new

continentcontinent The Protestant ReformationThe Protestant Reformation The Revival of learningThe Revival of learning The Growth of nationalism The Growth of nationalism The rise of a merchant (middle) classThe rise of a merchant (middle) class


Feudalism and Manorialism. What is the difference between Feudalism and Manorialism? 1. Feudalism: Economic, political, and social organization of.

Feudalism and Manorialism. What is the difference between Feudalism and Manorialism? 1. Feudalism: Economic, political, and social organization of.

Ottoman Feudalism

Ottoman Feudalism

Feudalism web

Feudalism web

Feudalism powerpoint

Feudalism powerpoint

FEUDALISM and the MANOR SYSTEMlhs.walton.k12.ga.us/new/Teachers/SS StudyGuides/APWorldHistory... · FEUDALISM and the MANOR SYSTEM JAPAN (11 th to 19 Century) EUROPE (7th to 13th

FEUDALISM and the MANOR SYSTEMlhs.walton.k12.ga.us/new/Teachers/SS StudyGuides/APWorldHistory... · FEUDALISM and the MANOR SYSTEM JAPAN (11 th to 19 Century) EUROPE (7th to 13th

Aim: Was Feudalism in Japan similar to European Feudalism?

Aim: Was Feudalism in Japan similar to European Feudalism?

Feudalism Bibliography

Feudalism Bibliography

Feudalism, Religion, and the Crusades. Feudalism 476 AD- Fall of Roman Empire Feudalism- mode of production- everything produced on manor. Social.

Feudalism, Religion, and the Crusades. Feudalism 476 AD- Fall of Roman Empire Feudalism- mode of production- everything produced on manor. Social.

Digital Feudalism

Digital Feudalism

feudalism imran

feudalism imran

Development of Feudalism Mr. Ballman 7 th Grade Social Studies.

Development of Feudalism Mr. Ballman 7 th Grade Social Studies.

Europe: Feudalism

Europe: Feudalism

Decline of Feudalism - Weebly · Decline of Feudalism • In the late middle ages, Feudalism started to collapse. • This eventually led to the Renaissance (time of culture in Europe),

Decline of Feudalism - Weebly · Decline of Feudalism • In the late middle ages, Feudalism started to collapse. • This eventually led to the Renaissance (time of culture in Europe),

(Social) Feudalism

(Social) Feudalism

Feudalism and Manors Feudalism and manorialism structured and organized European society.

Feudalism and Manors Feudalism and manorialism structured and organized European society.

Feudalism o

Feudalism o

Medieval Feudalism

Medieval Feudalism

U3. feudalism

U3. feudalism

Bastard Feudalism

Bastard Feudalism

Mary Lyon School · 11/29/2016  · European Feudalism what feudalism and how did it organize life during After the final collapse of the Roman Empire in A.D. 476, many warring bands

Mary Lyon School · 11/29/2016  · European Feudalism what feudalism and how did it organize life during After the final collapse of the Roman Empire in A.D. 476, many warring bands