Mid Atlantic Presented To: Equipment
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Presented To: Mid Atlantic Equipment Management Association
Transcript of Mid Atlantic Presented To: Equipment
Presented To:Mid Atlantic Equipment Management Association
MeetingAgendaMeetingAgenda
• Interduction
• Coolants Training•Evolution•Properties• HD Extended Life Coolants
•How they work
• Interduction
• Coolants Training•Evolution•Properties• HD Extended Life Coolants
•How they work
The Evolution of AntifreezeThe Evolution of Antifreeze
Problem:1. Engines need cooling
2. Water freezes during winter
3. Summer boil over
4. Cooling system corrosion
5. Inhibitor Depletion/ Maintenance
Solution:Radiator with water
Add Methanol to the radiator
Ethylene Glycol
Corrosion Inhibitors
Change antifreeze, add SCAs (H/D) or use Extended Life Coolants
Antifreeze / CoolantAntifreeze / Coolant
Inhibitors-(5%)
Glycol-(47.5%) Glycol Provides Boil-Over And Freeze Point Protection
Water-(47.5%) Water Transfers Heat
Inhibitors Protect Metals From Rust And Corrosion
100
0
Ethylene Glycol Concentration, Wt %
33% Glycol = FreezingProtection -20°C
Tem
pera
ture
, °C
Tem
pera
ture
, °F
-20
-40
-60
-800 20 40 60 80
-90
-60
-30
0
30
Max. Protectionat Eutectic, -68°C
Freeze Protection Typically - Ethylene Glycol + Water
Chemical Definitions
Two Inhibitor Classes: Organic and InorganicOrganic Compounds‐
Chemicals which contain carbon atoms
Inorganic Compounds‐Chemical Compounds which do not contain carbon atoms
• Silicate, Borate, Nitrate, Phosphate, Nitrite• Fast Film Forming--Short Lived, Drop-out concerns• Requires Addition of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA) when
used in Heavy Duty Applications
• Silicate, Borate, Nitrite• Fast Film Forming– Short Lived, Fewer Drop-out Concerns• SCA Pre-Charged for Heavy-Duty Applications
Coolant Technology Definitions
Conventional: Inorganic ObsoleteConventional: Inorganic Obsolete
Fully Formulated: Inorganic DINISHING IN USEFully Formulated: Inorganic DINISHING IN USE
The Old Technology
THE PROBLEM: Fully Formulated Coolants
Poor Coolant Or Poor Maintenance Contributes To More Than 40% Of All Heavy Duty Engine Failures
Fully Formulated Coolant/SCA Systems
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
Glycol Content
Freq
uenc
y
Shaded Area RepresentsDesired Glycol Range Of
40% to 60%.
Glycol & Inhibitor Frequency Distribution
Glycol Concentrations
• To little Glycol the inhibitor levels are too low for protection in Conventional Coolants
• To Much Glycol leads to:– Over Heating – Formation of Acids
• High Acid concentration leads to corrosion
• Part failures
Daylight PlateCalibration
ScrewFocus
Adjustment
Main PrismAssembly
RubberGrip
Eyepiece
Step 1: Place 2 To 3 Drops Of Coolant Under The Daylight Plate. After 30 Seconds, Go To Step 2.
Step 2:Looking Through The Eyepiece, Read Freeze Point For EG Or PG Base Coolant.
Refractometer Best Practice for Freeze Point Adjustment
Refractometer Best Practice for Freeze Point Adjustment
Fully Formulated Coolant/SCA Systems
020406080
100120
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
SCA Units
Freq
uenc
y
Shaded Area RepresentsDesired SCA Range Of
1.0 to 1.5 Units.
Why Is Maintaining SCA Levels Such A Problem?
Why Is Maintaining SCA Levels Such A Problem?
• Inorganic Inhibitors Deplete
• Topping Off With Conventional Antifreeze Dilutes SCA Levels
• Topping Off With Water Dilutes SCA Levels
• The addition of too many SCA’s
Max
Min
Ideal
Over Treated
Under Treated
Results of Poor System Maintenance
CAVITATION CORROSION SCALE “GREEN GOO”
Seals In Heat1/16” 40%
Seals In Heat1/16” 40%
Destroys Cooling System
Metals/Parts
Destroys Cooling System
Metals/Parts
Or Wet Sleeve Cylinder Liner
Pitting
Or Wet Sleeve Cylinder Liner
Pitting
Phosphate And Silicate Dropout
Phosphate And Silicate Dropout
HD OEM Transition to Extended Life Technology
• Europeans1990’s
• Japanese1990’s
• G.M. & Caterpillar 1995
• Paccar 2001
• All HD OEM’s offer 2002
• ALL HD OEM’s FF 2010
• Europeans1990’s
• Japanese1990’s
• G.M. & Caterpillar 1995
• Paccar 2001
• All HD OEM’s offer 2002
• ALL HD OEM’s FF 2010
No Major OEMs Use Conventional Green Coolant or Fully Formulated
As Standard Initial Fill
No Major OEMs Use Conventional Green Coolant or Fully Formulated
As Standard Initial Fill
OEM DateOEM Date
Questions ???
Heavy-Duty Coolant SolutionsHeavy-Duty Coolant Solutions
The Solution
Recommended Best Practice
Extended Life Coolants
• Organic Acids, in Combination with one or more Conventional Inhibitors
• Fast and Slow Film Forming– Longer lasting than Conventional, Shorter lasting than OAT. Potential Drop-out Issues
• Organic Acids- No Silicates, Phosphates, Nitrates, or Borates• Slower Film Forming—Longer lasting, No Drop-out concerns
Coolant Technology Definitions
Organic Acid Technology: Organic BESTOrganic Acid Technology: Organic BEST
Hybrid Organic Acid Technology (HOAT): Organic + Inorganic BetterHybrid Organic Acid Technology (HOAT): Organic + Inorganic Better
Current Technology
Global Evolution of Heavy-Duty Coolant
Conventional
Fully Formulated
Extended Life
Fully Formulated
Why Use Extended Life Coolants
• Superior inhibitor Performance– More Robust Inhibitors with Stands Higher
Dilution
– Slow Inhibitor Depletion
– Improved Component Life
– Improved Heat Transfer
– Excellent Rust & Corrosion Protection
– Excellent Hot Surface Protection
CathodicCathodicArea
ConventionalCoolant
METAL
AnodicSite e-e-
e-
Protective Layer:Insoluble Metal-Inhibitor Salts
Q
CarboxylateCoolant
METAL
AnodicSite Cathodic
Area
e-e -
e -
H+
H+H2
Inh
Q Q Q
InhInh
Protection Mechanism
Extended LifeExtended Life
Differences: Extended Life VS Conventional
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ConventionalExtended Life
Slow Inhibitor DepletionCorrosion Inhibitor Depletion Rates
Organic Inhibitors Deplete at a Much Slower Rate Than Inorganic Inhibitors
Improved Component Life Wet Sleeve Liner Protection
A Sleeve Inserted In Diesel Engine Blocks To:
• Improve Heat Transfer
• Improve Serviceability Of Heavy Duty Engines
One of the most common and costly cooling system repairs is the perforation
of wet sleeve cylinder liners.
What Causes Cavitation OrWet Sleeve Liner Cavitation?
When the piston moves down it creates force on the Thrust and Anti Thrust side. This moves the Liner out and it snaps back creating an Implosion of bubbles.
What Is Causes Cavitation OrWet Sleeve Liner Cavitation?
Thrust on Liner
In Untreated Systems,
Imploding Bubbles
Bore Through The Steel
Liners
Preventing Wet Sleeve Liner Cavitation
Preventing Wet Sleeve Liner Cavitation
In Treated Systems, Imploding Bubbles Are Blocked By Inhibitors Inorganic inhibitors are
destroyed in this process and must be replaced (Nitrite Depletion)
Organic Inhibitors are not used up in this process
Improved Component Life
• No Silicates to plate out on surfaces
• No Phosphates to drop out and form Scale
• No borates which can be aggressive to Aluminum
Improved Heat Transfer
• No Silicates to Form a Heat Barrier
• No Phosphates to help in the formation of Scale another Heat Barrier
CarboxylateCoolant
METAL
AnodicSite Cathodic
Area
e-e -
e -
H+
H+H2
Inh
Q Q Q
InhInh
Heat Transfer Rate (at 2 gpm Flow Rate)
31
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200Time, Hours
Hea
t Tra
nsfe
r Rat
e, k
W
Carboxylate-basedSilicate-based
8 % Difference
Excellent Rust & Corrosion and Hot Surface Protection
• Carboxylate corrosion protection mechanism provides superior protection in high heat and coolant dilution situations
CarboxylateCoolant
METAL
AnodicSite Cathodic
Area
e-e -
e -
H+
H+H2
Inh
Q Q Q
InhInh
•Water is Clear & Ethylene Glycol is Clear. Coolants Can Be Dyed Any Color.
• All Coolant Are Compatible – However Performance Is Impacted !!
• Conventional Coolants & Some ELC = Conventional Coolant
• ELC + More Than 25% Conventional Coolant = Conventional Coolant
• Treat Both Above As Conventional Coolant OK
• If You Treat ELC With More Than 25% Dilution With Water Or Conventional Coolants As ELC You Could Have A FAILURE.
Color, Compatibility, Or Mixing
Color, Compatibility, Or Mixing
•ELC Are Long Chain Hydrocarbons - Soaps -They Will Clean The System Up!
•Changing Or Mixing Old Conventional Systems With ELC Can Uncover Leaks & CreatePremature Water Pump Failure.
• We Recommend Maintaining The Same Technology Which Is In The Vehicle.
ELC Conventional
Conversion From Conventional Systems to Extended Life Coolant
• Maintain vehicles on Fully Formulated until sold– Continue to add SCA’a
– Could use ELC as top up
• Maintain all new vehicles on ELC
Conversion From Conventional Systems to Extended Life Coolant
• Flush and Fill– Flush with water
– Remove Charged SCA filter
– Replace with Blank Filter
– Drain all water
– Fill with Extended Life Coolant 50/50
– Adjust Freeze Point if needed
– Identify with new Product Sticker
Maintaining The Cooling System
1. Use only ELC 50/50 Pre-Diluted coolant when topping-off the cooling system.
2. If Extended Life Coolant is not available, top-off the cooling system with water. If freeze protection is not needed then Adjust freeze point when Concentrate ELC when available.
3. Maintain between a 45% to 60% coolant and a 55% to 40% water mix
4. Do not add Supplemental Coolant Additives (SCAs) to the cooling system or use chemically charged filters.
5. After conversion, You are good to go One Million Miles
Water Pump Failure
– Check your coolant by holding a sample in a clear vessel up to the light.
– If you see floating particles
Change your Coolant
Why Extended Life Coolants
• Saves you Money $$$$$$$$$$$$$
– Eliminates the Cost of SCA’s
– Reduces down time for Maintenance
– 25% Dilution with out loss of performance
Cooling System Maintenance CostCooling System Maintenance Cost
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
800
1000
Green FullyFormulated ELC Line 4
0
100
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300
400
500
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800
1000
Green FullyFormulated ELC Line 4
Cost
Questions ???
