Mid 17 th Century in Fra nce
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Transcript of Mid 17 th Century in Fra nce
Mid 17th Century in France
Kevin ShueMrs. Cassel
Period 3
France• New Bourbon dynasty became the most powerful state in Europe• Replaced the Habsburgs in both Spain and the Holy Roman
Empire (Germany)• Catholics versus Huguenots• Civil War 1567 - 1589• Valois, Bourbon, Guise, Montmorency Families• St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre, August 24, 1572• Henry of Navarre, leader of the Huguenots, becomes King Henry
IV• Edict of Nantes 1598• Politiques
Absolute Monarchs
• Henry IV-1598• Louis XIII- king at 9 years old– Henry IV assassinated– Cardinal Richelieu runs France
• Louis XIV-1643– Cardinal Mazarin in charge when Louis XVI is a
minor– Mazarin is like Richelieu– Louis XIV takes control in 1661
Louis XIV
• Controls nobility• Augments bureaucracy• Modernizes military• Revokes Edict of Nantes in 1685• Goes to war to better France’s position in
Europe• Louis XV succeeds in 1715
Literature• Written throughout the Grand Siècle(Grand Century) of
France, spanning the reigns of Henry IV of France, the Regency of Marie de Medici, Louis XIII of France, the Regency of Anne of Austria (and the civil war called the Fronde) and the reign of Louis XIV of France
• literature of this period is often compared with the Classicism(setting standards for taste which the classicists seek to emulate) of Louis XIV's long reign
• Salons and literary academies in the early 17th century embodied Italian Renaissance ideas of the perfect courtier
Literature cont.
• Writers and other artists required noble patrons
• Production of literary works became increasingly necessary to nobles
• 2,200 authors in middle of century• Cardinal Richelieu put patronage under
control of the monarchy
Authors of Nouvelles(shorter works)
• Jean Renaud de Segrais• Madame de Lafayette • Madame de Villedieu • César Vichard de Saint-Réal • Jean de Préchac
Authors of Adventure Novels
• Madeleine de Scudéry
• Gauthier de Costes, seigneur de la Calprenède
• Roland Le Vayer de Boutigny
Authors of Comics & Fictions
• Agrippa d'Aubigné • Béroalde de Verville • François du Souhaite• Cyrano de Bergerac• Paul Scarron
Philosophy
• Influenced Western philosophy for centuries• Modern philosophy founded by René Descartes– Cartesianism– “I think, therefore I am”
• Nicolas Malebranche– Doctrine of occasionalism
• Height of French philosophy was in the 18th century during the Enlightenment Period
French Baroque Architecture• Louis XIII (1610–43), Louis XIV (1643–1715) and Louis XV
(1715–74)• Palace of Versailles• Château de Maisons-Laffitte• Vaux-le-Vicomte • Les Invalides• Place Stanislas• Château de Dampierre• Château de Beaumesnil• Auch Cathedral
Baroque Architecture cont.
• Corps de logis-the principal block of a large, usually classical, mansion or palace– principal rooms, state apartments and an entry– Grandest rooms were on the first floor above ground
level( the 2nd floor)• Wings were hierarchically less important and not as
grand• Courtyard• Large gardens with fountains, hedges, flowers, and
walkways
René DescartesThe Palace of Versailles
Louis XIV “The Sun King”
Works Cited
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century#1640s
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th-century_French_literature
• http://faculty.ucc.edu/egh-damerow/17th_century.htm
• mclane.fresno.k12.ca.us/wilson98/mwh/C/MH05C021.PDf
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_philosophy
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Baroque_architecture