MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCY DISORDERS. NUTRITIONAL DEFICINCY DISORDERS Objectives: Discuss common...
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Transcript of MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCY DISORDERS. NUTRITIONAL DEFICINCY DISORDERS Objectives: Discuss common...
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MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCY DISORDERS
NUTRITIONAL DEFICINCY DISORDERSObjectives:
Discuss common micronutrient deficiencies disorders
WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINSWater-soluble vitamins include:
B complex vitamins (Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, Vitamin B-6, Vitamin B-12 & Folic Acid) Vitamin C.VITAMIN B1(THIAMINE)
VITAMIN B1(THIAMINE)Deficiency Symptoms:
Dry Beriberi:Weakness; peripheral neuropathy; loss of reflexes; ataxia; weight loss;
Wet Beriberi:oedema; dyspnea; heart failure;
RIBOFLAVIN(VITAMIN B 2)
RIBOFLAVIN(VITAMIN B 2)Deficiency Symptoms:
Ariboflavinosis; sore throat; angular stomatitis; glossitis (magenta tongue); seborrheic dermatitis; normochromic, normocytic anemia
NIACIN (VITAMIN B 3)
NIACIN (VITAMIN B 3)
Deficiency Symptoms:
Pellagra: Photosensitive dermatitis on light-exposed areas; Diarrhoea; stomatitis; neurological symptoms (depression, headache, fatigue, and loss of memory - dementia)
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VITAMIN B 6
Deficiency Symptoms:
Seborrheic dermatitis, microcytic anemia, epileptiform convulsionsVITAMIN B 6
VITAMIN B7(BIOTIN)
14VITAMIN B7(BIOTIN)Deficiency Symptoms:
Dermatitis, conjunctivitis, alopecia, and central nervous system abnormalities (depression, lethargy)
15VITAMIN B9(FOLIC ACID)
Deficiency Symptoms:
Macrocytic Aanemia (weakness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, headache, palpitations, shortness of breath)
VITAMIN B 12
VITAMIN B 12Deficiency Symptoms:
Macrocytic Anemia;Neurologic manifestations (sensory disturbances in the extremities, abnormalities of gait); Cognitive changes (loss of concentration; memory loss); Visual disturbances, insomnia, impotency, and impaired bowel and bladder control.
VITAMIN C
VITAMIN C DEFICIENCY (SCURVEY)FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINSFat-soluble vitamins are absorbed through the intestinal tract with the help of lipids (fats).
Fat-soluble Vitamins require bile acids to absorb fat-soluble vitamins.
Because they are more likely to accumulate in the body, they are more likely to lead to hypervitaminosis than are water-soluble vitamins.
Fat-soluble vitamins include vitamins A, D, E, K.
VITAMIN A
VITAMIN ADeficiency Symptoms:
Clinical: Night blindness; total blindnessSubclinical: May increase risk for respiratory and diarrheal infections; decrease growth rate; slow bone development; and decrease likelihood of survival from serious illness
XEROPTHALMIA (DRY EYE) VITAMIN D
VITAMIN D
VITAMIN K
VITAMIN KDeficiency Symptoms:
Increase in prothrombin time; in severe cases, hemorrhagic events
VITAMIN E
Deficiency Symptoms:
Nerve degeneration in hands and feet
MINERALSCLASSIFICATION OF MINERALSThere are two kinds of minerals:
Major or Macrominerals are minerals your body needs in larger amounts. They include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride and sulfur.
Trace minerals are required in small amounts. These include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride and selenium.
IRON METABOLISM
IRONIRON DEFICIENCY
Deficiency Symptoms:
Anemia, tiredness, weakness, dyspnea, , dysphagia, kolynochia , decreased work performance, impaired learning abilities, occasionally pica
MICROCYTIC HYPOCHROMIC ANEMIA
IODINEFunction:
Component of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS(IDDs)
Deficiency Symptoms:
Mental retardation, hypothyroidism, goiter, cretinism, and varying degrees of other growth and developmental abnormalities
Population effects of severe iodine deficiency, termed Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDDs), include:
Hypothyroidism, Endemic goiter, Cretinism, Decreased fertility rate, Increased infant mortality, Mental retardation and varying degrees of other growth and developmental abnormalitiesIODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS40
ZINC
ZINC DEFICIENCYDeficiency Symptoms:
Growth retardation, hair loss, diarrhea, delayed sexual maturation and impotence, eye and skin lesions, loss of appetite, delayed wound healing
FLUORIDEDeficiency: Tooth cavities; tooth decay; loss of teeth.
Excess fluoride causes dental fluorosis
DENATL CARIESDENTAL FLOUROSISCALCIUM
CALCIUM DEFICIENCYDeficiency Symptoms:
Reduced bone mass and osteoporosis
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