A structured weight loss program increases gut microbiota ...
microbiota and weight gain
Transcript of microbiota and weight gain
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The relationship between gut microbiota and weight gain in
humansEmmanouil Angelakis, Fabrice Armougom, Matthieu Million, Didier Raoult
PPT By: Andrea Bonde
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Overview• Article is a review of the actual experiments• Gut microbes may be a cause of obesity
• Associated with a number of disease states that include allergy, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer,
and diabetes.• Gut flora contribute enzymes that are absent in
humans for food digestion• 95% of total organisms in intestine and colon
+ =
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Obesity• Affects 400 million individuals
• Associated with severe disorders
• Influenced by a mixture of environmental, genetic, neural,
and endocrine factors.• Infectious agents have been
proposed to be a cause• 32 genes are linked to BMI
(body mass index)• Availability of inexpensive,
calorically dense foods
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Gut Microbiota• Approx. 1011-12 microorganisms per gram of human
content in the GI tract.• Gut flora have variations among different populations.
• Gut flora also varies due to age
• Bacteroids• Eubacterium• Bifidobacterium• Peptostreptoccocus• Fusobacterium• Ruminococcus• Clostridium• Lactobacillus
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Microbes Per Year of LifeNewborn 3wk-1yr 1-7yrs 2-18yrs Adult
Bifidobacteria BacteriodeStaphlococcusLactobacillus
BifidobacteriaClostridium
Starts to resemble the
adult microflora
Stable level of Bifidobacteria
and Lactobacillus
Stable over time
• Dietary habits are considered to be one of the main factors that contribute to the diversity of the human
gut microbiota.• With a high-fat/low-fiber or low-fat/high-fiber diet
microbe composition has detectable change in 24hours.
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Obese VS. Lean
Higher levels of certain
bacteria due to body type.
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Conclusion•Obese and lean individuals have
different levels of bacteria populations.
•Diet significantly changed gut microbiota.
• The manipulation of gut microbes with probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics and other interventions were factors
for weight gain and obesity, and should be investigated further!
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Further Perspective• Increasing number of studies• Shifts in abundances of bacterial
communities• Interpretation of the results might
have been biased, thus far.•Food = Source for viruses and Bacteria• Little effort in standardizing research•Ask how and MAKE IT MANDITORY!
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Works Cited
"Search." Earn Reward Points and Redeem Them For Free Stuff at
Swagbucks.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Jan. 2013.
<http://www.swagbucks.com>.
"The relationship between gut microbiota and weight gain in
humans." Future Medicine. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Jan. 2013.
<http://www.furutremedicine.com/>.