Microbiology
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Transcript of Microbiology
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Microbiology
Viruses, Bacteria, Fungus, Parasites
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Bacteria
• A prokaryotic single-celled organism. (No nucleus).
• Genetic info is in the cytoplasm.
• Has a flagellum (tail) to move
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Bacteria Reproduction
• Bacteria can reproduce sexually or asexually.
• Asexually – one parent or binary fission.
• Sexually – both bacteria share genetic information called conjugation.
• ***Can grow and divide rapidly
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Bacteria Everywhere
• Bacteria can live everywhere- with or without oxygen, hot or cold.
• Larger than a virus.• It is living because it
can make it’s own food and reproduce.
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Bacteria Harmful or Helpful
• Harmful: Can cause sickness or disease like strep throat or food poisoning.
• Helpful: Involved in oxygen, food production, recycling, environmental cleanup, and medicine production.
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BacteriaAntibiotics
• Antibiotics are used to inhibit the growth of bacteria.
• Since antibiotics have been overused, many diseases are becoming harder to treat.
Antibiotic Resistance• Mutated bacteria
survive an antibiotic treatment and become a resistant population to treatment.
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Virus
• Smallest of all microbes.• Protein Coat & Inner
Core(genetic material) OR outer membrane lock & key.
• Non-living – they do not have the characteristics of life like reproduction, make food or waste.
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Virus AIDS Virus• Viral diseases are
the most widespread illness in humans. (mild fever to some cancer to fatal diseases)
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Virus Reproduction
• Hepatitis B Virus • Do not reproduce
sexually or asexually. Viruses invade a “host” cell and force it to reproduce and multiply.
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Virus» Flu Virus
• When they invade the healthy cell, the virus will use the enzymes and organelles of the host cell to make more viruses, usually killing the healthy cell in the process
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Virus Harmful & Helpful
• Harmful: Can have deadly affects on people. Can get very sick with no cure.
• Helpful: Used for gene therapy by allowing virus to enter host cell
• Bird Flu
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Virus
• There is NO cure for viruses…only can treat the symptoms like coughing or runny nose.
• Vaccine and some anti-viral drugs are used to control and prevent the spread of disease.
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Fungi• Fungi are
eukaryotic, multicellular heterotrophs(they do not make their own food).
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Fungi Reproduction
• Fungi reproduces sexually and asexually. This provides an adaptative advantage…
Favorable environment: rapid asexual reproduction.
Environmental stress: sexual reproduction ensures genetic recombination for adaptation to new conditions
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Fungi Helpful & Harmful• Harmful: fungal diseases
in humans like ring-worm or athlete’s foot, or nail fungus. Fungal diseases in plants like cotton, rice soybeans. Mold spores become airborne-
• Helpful: environmental recycling, food production (bread) and medicine like penicillin