Microbial Dynamics in the Stormwater Treatment Areas
Transcript of Microbial Dynamics in the Stormwater Treatment Areas
Microbial Dynamics in the Stormwater Treatment Areas
Kanika S. Inglett
Soil and Water Sciences Department
University of Florida, Gainesville FL
Black Box of the microbial dynamics
Higher nutrient loads
Lower nutrient
loads
inflow outflow
Black Box of the microbial dynamics
Energy and nutrient flow is through the microbial loop
Organic Matter decomposition
Transformation of nutrients
Nutrient release
Nutrient uptake
Flux out
retention
inflowoutflow
microbial loop
Zones of the microbial activities
Anaerobic zone
Aerobic zone
Periphyton
Rhizosphere
Detritus/floc
Water column
Vegetation
aerobic to anaerobic algae and bacteriahigh C availability, higher biomass and activity
Phototrophic, heterotrophic, high C availability,
Facultative or obligate anaerobic bacteriaLow available C, alternate electron acceptors, lower biomass and activity
Aerobic bacteria High available C, root exudates vegetation specific higher biomass and activity
algal, fungal, bacterial biomass, high available C, Vegetation dependent lignin to cellulosic ratio
Nutrient availability and enzyme activities
Plant litter
3000:46:1
86:13:1
60:7:1
C:N:P
Soil organic matter
Microbial biomass • Microbial respiration
• Potential Mineralizable Phosphorus• Potential Mineralizable Nitrogen
• Microbial biomass C,N,P
Extracellular Enzyme activities
Organic Matter decomposition
Transformation of nutrients
C enzymesN enzymesP enzymes
Inorganic P
Ph
osp
hat
ase
Modified from Penton and Newman, 2007 Biogeochem 84,83
Phosphatase activity in ref sites (µmoles g-1 h-1)
LNWR WCA-2A WCA- 3A ENP-TS
refenr
85
23 21 18
TP (
10
3)
g kg
-
1
N substrates
Nit
roge
n e
nzy
me
s
Sinsabaugh et al 2008 Ecol Lett
Acetylglucosiminiodase
Vegetation in the STAs • Nutrient uptake- nutrient removal
• Source of C – litter, detritus, rhizosphere
• Allows microorganisms to colonize
Emergent aquatic vegetation
Submerged aquatic vegetation
RAS
PreSTA 1
PreSTA 2
Floc Litter
(APA
/APA
max
)*1
00
Effects on enzyme activitiesSoil depth
Wright and Reddy, 2001 SSSAJ 65:588
Enzy
me
Act
ivit
y (μ
mo
lg d
w-1
h-1
)
Percentage Distance from the Inflow
RASFloc
N enzymes
P enzymes
C enzymes
Rice et al. 2017
Vegetation type
Percentage Distance from the Inflow
Figure 8. Floc EAV and SAV display peaks of higher E at the inflow, while
E N:P
Floc RAS
E N:P
THURSDAY 8:00am–10:15am
SESSION 2 POSTER # 66
Vegetation Effects on Microbial Enzyme Activities in Soils of the StormwaterTreatment Areas (STAs) Rice et al.
Rice et al. 2017
Does flow affect the microbial nutrient availability?
• Flow can alter advective processes• Enhance exchanges between reactive zones• Upstream affects the downstream• River continuum concept
Inflow water
Outflow water
S N(1
0-5
ms-1
)
Ammonium uptake by algae with flow
Water velocity
S P(1
0-5
ms-1
) Phosphate uptake by algae with flow
Water velocity
6 cm depth
Overlying water
Cheng et al, 2017 Water 9,6
Flow effects
Larned and Atkinson, 1997, Mar Ecol Press Series 157,295
THURSDAY 8:00am–10:15am
SESSION 2 POSTER # 63
Effects of Flow on Enzyme Activity in the Everglades Stormwater
Treatment Areas (STAs)
Baker et al.
Baker et al. 2017
Future Directions
• Other components (periphyton, mats)• Diel variations in activity (day/light, dark)• Coupling with inorganic nutrients (e.g., P fractionation)• Greenhouse gas emissions
Acknowledgement and Collaboration
University of Florida
Dr. Patrick Inglett, Kaylee Rice (MS), Sara Baker (undergraduate student), Dr. Xiaolin Liao, Dr. Rupesh Bhomia, Brent Warner
South Florida Water Management District
Odi Villapando, Jill King, Kathy Pietro