MIB-II Applications (9032561-03) -...

MIB-II Applications

Applications & Gateways

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D e v i c e M a n a g e m e n t M I B - I I A p p l i c a t i o n s

Copyright NoticeDocument 9032561-03. Copyright © June 2002 by Aprisma Management Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. Use, duplication, or disclosure by the United States government is subject to the restrictions set forth in DFARS 252.227-7013(c)(1)(ii) and FAR 52.227-19.Liability DisclaimerAprisma Management Technologies, Inc. (“Aprisma”) reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. In all cases, the reader should contact Aprisma to inquire if any changes have been made.The hardware, firmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice.IN NO EVENT SHALL APRISMA, ITS EMPLOYEES, OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, AGENTS, OR AFFILIATES BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS MANUAL OR THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN IT, EVEN IF APRISMA HAS BEEN ADVISED OF, HAS KNOWN, OR SHOULD HAVE KNOWN, THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.Trademark, Service Mark, and Logo InformationSPECTRUM, IMT, and the SPECTRUM IMT/VNM logo are registered trademarks of Aprisma Management Technologies, Inc., or its affiliates. APRISMA, APRISMA MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES, the APRISMA MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES logo, MANAGE WHAT MATTERS, DCM, VNM, SpectroGRAPH, SpectroSERVER, Inductive Modeling Technology, Device Communications Manager, SPECTRUM Security Manager, and Virtual Network Machine are unregistered trademarks of Aprisma Management Technologies, Inc., or its affiliates. For a complete list of Aprisma trademarks, service marks, and trade names, go tohttp://www.aprisma.com/manuals/trademark-list.htm.

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D e v i c e M a n a g e m e n t M I B - I I A p p l i c a t i o n s

ContentsINTRODUCTION 4

Purpose and Scope ........................................................4Other Applications Documents .......................................4Summary of This Document ...........................................5

SNMP APPLICATION 6

SNMP Application Views ................................................6MIB-II Performance View.............................................6

SNMP Agent Detail View ................................................7Packet Breakdown (Pie Chart) ....................................7Error Breakdown..........................................................7Discard Breakdown (Pie Chart) ...................................8

SNMP Agent Detail 2 View .............................................9Receive Breakdown (Pie Chart) ..................................9Transmit Breakdown..................................................10

IP APPLICATIONS 12

IP Application Views .....................................................13IP Configuration View ...................................................13IP Routing View ............................................................13IP Routing Detail View ..................................................15IP Address Table ..........................................................16IP Fragmentation View..................................................17IP Reassembly View .....................................................17IP Net-To-Media Table View.........................................18

IP Net to Media Table ............................................18

ICMP APPLICATION 19

ICMP Detail View .......................................................... 19.ICMP Application Detail View ............................... 19Packet Breakdown (Pie Chart) .............................. 20Error Breakdown (Pie Chart) ................................. 20Discard Breakdown (Pie Chart) ............................. 20

TCP APPLICATION 22

TCP Views .................................................................... 22TCP Application Configuration View ......................... 22TCP Connection Table View ..................................... 23TCP Detail View ........................................................24

Packet Breakdown (Pie Chart) .............................. 24Error Breakdown (Pie Chart) ................................. 24

SYSTEM APPLICATION 25

System Configuration View...........................................25

UDP APPLICATION 26

UDP Views.................................................................... 26UDP Listener Table View.............................................. 26UDP Performance View ................................................ 27UDP Detail View ........................................................... 27

INDEX 28

D e v M I B - I I A p p l i c a t i o n s

nts describing s documents.

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ns in network e documents (and others) isma Web site at:

manuals

lications Documents

Typical Applications

APPN, ATM, DHCP

Spanning Tree, PPP Bridging

FDDI, Token Ring, Ethernet

OSPF, VRRP, BGP4

i c e M a n a g e m e n t

Introduction

This section summarizes the contents of this document, which is one of a set of documeSPECTRUM applications. This section also provides references to the other application

section covers the following topics:

Purpose and Scope

Other Applications Documents

Summary of This Document (Page 5)

rpose and Scope document defines the fields displayed in the s associated with a category of SPECTRUM lications called MIB-II applications, which udes such applications as SNMP, TCP, and P. In all cases, the views and fields described

his document are accessed from the Icon views menu of the application models layed in the Main Applications view.

Other ApplicatiTable 1 lists the documecategories of SPECTRUMto the documents listed document MIBs and theprovides an introductionand defines MIB functiomanagement. All of thesare available on the Apr

www.aprisma.com/

Table 1: Other App

Document Title

Technology Applications

Bridging Applications

Transmission Applications

Routing Applications

www.aprisma.com/manuals

I n t r a r y o f T h i s D o c u m e n t


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mmary of This Document rest of this document describes the following lications:

SNMP Application (Page 6)IP Applications (Page 12)ICMP Application (Page 19)TCP Application (Page 22)UDP Application (Page 26)System Application (Page 25)e older devices support MIB-1 attributes; t newer devices support MIB-II attributes.

erever applicable in this document, views g MIB-II attributes description will be

cribed.

more information on Management rmation Bases (MIBs), refer to the oduction to MIBs and the Application View. information on Performance or Detail view istics, refer to the SPECTRUM Views umentation.


criptions of the

NetcomII acstanthis

SNMgateSNMconbein

SN

SNMOneproto tAppthe

• a

ication and presentation s (PDUs)d OSI (Open System ems management

ent pools information s. The MIB_II SNMP

wing administrators to nt functions and separate cture from the

e devices. The SNMP elds are described below.

ce Viewiews menu for the on, select Performance.

View displays a for the application. This tribute Line Graph that ndication of device


SNMP Application

This section provides access information to the MIB-II SNMP Application views and desapplication’s views.

work management protocols have more plex dependencies than other protocols. MIB-ts as an umbrella for a set of internet-dard groups including SNMP, described in section.

P is the standard protocol used to monitor IP ways and networks to which they attach. P defines a set of variables that the gateway

tains, and specifies gateway operations as g a side effect to storing data variables.

MP Application Views

P depends upon Abstract Syntax Notation (ASN.1) and a transport protocol. If the SNMP

cesses in both the manager and agent respond he console, the ASN.1 encoding at the lication layer provides the proper syntax for SNMP message. ASN.1 defines the following:

bstract syntaxes of application data

• structure of the applof Protocol Data Unit

• the MIB for SNMP anInterconnection) syst

SPECTRUM’s SNMP2Agfrom all SNMP subgroupgroup is extensible, alloadd network managemethe management architearchitecture of hardwarApplication Views and fi

MIB-II PerformanAccess: From the Icon SubvSNMP2_Agent Application ic

The MIB-II Performancebreakdown of statistics view contains a Multi-Atprovides a color-coded iactivity.

S N M M P A g e n t D e t a i l V i e w


ClicDet

SNAccSNMthe D

Thepie BreAgepercsinc

PaRecThethe stat

TranThethe stat

P messages received statistics are displayed

layed in gray and ber of SNMP messages messages between contain different version

tract Syntax Notation coding Rules (BER) errors n decoding received

P Protocol Data Units ated by the device in peration could not fit into

P PDUs received or in which the requested nknown variable name.

P A p p l i c a t i o n S N


k this button to display the SNMP Agent ail View, which is described below.

MP Agent Detail Viewess: From the Icon Subviews menu for the P2_Agent Application icon, select Detail1, or click on etail button in the MIB-II Performance View.

SNMP Agent Detail View provides color-coded charts (Packet, Error, and Discard akdown) that present a breakdown of SNMP nt statistics. Each statistic is presented as a entage of overall traffic and as a total amount e the device was initialized.

cket Breakdown (Pie Chart)eived total number of SNMP messages received by device from the transport service. These istics are displayed in yellow.

smitted total number of SNMP messages passed by device to the transport service. These istics are displayed in orange.

ErrorsThe total number of SNMcontaining errors. Thesein red.

DiscardedThese statistics are disprepresent the total numdiscarded. For example,manager and agent thatnumbers are discarded.

Error BreakdownASN Parse ErrsThe total number of AbsOne (ASN.1) or Basic Enfound by the device wheSNMP messages.

Too BigThe total number of SNM(PDUs) received or generwhich the results of an oa single SNMP message.

No Such NameThe total number of SNMgenerated by the device operation identified an u

Detail

S N M M P A g e n t D e t a i l V i e w


BadThegenopewhe

GenThegenerro

DisBadTheunsrece

BadTheautto tdoeSNMnamtotaconthe

P messages received by an SNMP operation not mmunity named in the

cts the SNMP Agent to -failure traps. The value ny configuration provides a means ion-failure traps may be are Enabled and

exists between the munity name values, the ication failure trap . Otherwise the SNMP

pen the SNMP Agent

P A p p l i c a t i o n S N


Values total number of SNMP PDUs received or erated by the device in which the requested ration specified an incorrect syntax or value n attempting to modify a variable.

Errs total number of SNMP PDUs received or erated by the device which contained types of rs other than those listed previously.

card Breakdown (Pie Chart) Versions total number of SNMP messages with an upported version of SNMP which were ived by the device.

Comm Name community name (an OCTET STRING type) henticates the manager before allowing access he agent. If the value given by the manager s not match the agent’s stored value then the P message is marked as a bad community e. This number or statistic represents the l number of SNMP messages received that tained community names not recognized by device.

Bad Comm UsesThe total number of SNMthe device that requiredallowed by the SNMP comessage.

Clicking this button diregenerate authenticationof this object overrides ainformation; as such, it whereby all authenticatdisabled. Possible statesDisabled. If a differencemanager and agent comagent sends an authentmessage to the managerPDU begins processing.

Click on this button to oDetail 2 View.

Auth Traps

More

S N M P A g e n t D e t a i l 2 V i e w


SNAccSNMthe M

This(Recbreastattrafinit

ReGetThethadevvaluvaluGetdepfollo

g, if the size of the appro-PDU exceeds a local limi-

rr, if the value of a annot be retrieved for any

P Get-Next PDUs that processed by the device. etNextRequest PDU to cts and their values from between GetNextRequest GetNextRequest retrieves ct within the Agent’s MIB ssible error conditions:

chName, if a variable ically precede the name y be retrieved. This condi-g off the end of the MIB

ig, if the size of the GetRe-al limitation.

rr, if the value of the lexi-or to a requested variable for some other reason.

P A p p l i c a t i o n S N M


MP Agent Detail 2 Viewess: From the Icon Subviews menu for the P2_Agent Application icon, select Detail2, or click on ore button in the SNMP Agent Detail View.

view provides two color-coded pie charts eive and Transmit Breakdown) that present a kdown of SNMP Agent statistics. Each istic is presented as a percentage of overall fic and as a total amount since the device was ialized.

ceive Breakdown (Pie Chart) Requests total number of SNMP Get-Request PDUs t have been accepted and processed by the ice. Get-Request PDUs are used to retrieve the e of one or more objects from an agent. If the es do not match, the agent returns a

Response PDU with an Error Status endent on what values did not match, as ws:

Error Status - noSuchName, if a variable does not exactly match an available object.

Error Status - noSuchName, if a variable is an aggregate type, e.g., a row object.

Error Status - tooBipriate GetResponse tation.

Error Status - genErequested variable cother reason.

Get NextsThe total number of SNMhave been accepted andThe manager uses the Gretrieve one or more objean agent. The differenceand GetRequest is that the value of the next objeView. There are three po

Error Status - noSudoes not lexicographof an object that mation is called “runninView”.

Error Status - tooBsponse exceeds a loc

Error Status - genEcographical successcannot be retrieved

S N M P A g e n t D e t a i l 2 V i e w


Set ThehavTheobjereceof thbind

TraGetThethadev

OutThebee

distinct from the four nterprise field identifies rise under whose e trap was defined. For {1.3.6.1.4.1.110} ral Corp. as the p.

that are reported from

ing protocol entity, management, has re-

g that neither the agent’s tity implementation may

nding protocol has re- ini-the agent’s configuration plementation has been

unication link has failed.

ication link has come up.

ure - The agent has rly authenticated SNMP anager; the community

An EGP peer neighbor is

P A p p l i c a t i o n S N M


Requests total number of SNMP Set-Request PDUs that e been accepted and processed by the device. SetRequest function assigns a value to an ct residing in the agent. When the agent ives the SetRequest PDU, it alters the values e named objects to the value in the variable ing. Four error conditions are possible:

Error Status - noSuchName, if a variable is not available for a Set operation.

Error Status - badValue, if the value of a vari-able does not conform to the ASN.1 Type, Length, and Value required.

Error Status - tooBig, if the size of the GetRe-sponse PDU exceeds a local limitation.

Error Status - genErr, if the value of the vari-able cannot be altered for any other reason.

nsmit Breakdown Responses total number of SNMP Get-Response PDUs t have been accepted and processed by the ice.

Traps total number of SNMP Trap PDUs that have n accepted and processed by the device. The

Trap PDU has a format other SNM PDUs. The Ethe management enterpregistration authority thexample, the OID prefixidentifies Network GeneEnterprise sending a tra

The seven types of trapsthis variable are:

coldStart - The sendhigher layer networkinitialized, indicatinconfiguration nor enbe altered.

warmStart - The setialized, but neither or protocol entity imaltered.

linkDown - A comm

linkUp - A commun

authenticationFailreceived an impropemessage from the mname was incorrect.

egpNeighborLoss - down.

enterpriseSpecific - A nongeneric trap has occurred.


ese protocols are used

Thelocanetwava

InteTCPdelirespto ainsuregutwo

Fraseqdatasizewithdatadeliproas i

ngle datagram at the

) group is mandatory for provides information on e IP. This group includes

t provide IP-related uding the following three , an IP-to-Physical

le, and an IP Forwarding s the IP Forwarding d makes obsolete the IP )

you are modeling -I attributes, you will p. If the device supports

utes, you will see the applications are similar; ill use the IP2_App as


IP Applications

This section describes the Internet Protocols, collectively known as the IP Application. Thto communicate across any set of interconnected networks.

IP applications are equally suited for both l-area networks (LANs) and wide-area orks (WANs). This section describes the views

ilable from the IP application.

rnet Protocol (IP), the workhorse of the /IP protocol suite, is commonly used as a very service. IP is a connectionless service onsible for moving datagrams from one device nother. As a delivery agent, IP watches to re that the datagrams are within shipping lations. To deliver datagrams, IP deals with

issues: addressing and fragmentation.

gmentation may be necessary because the uence of LANs and WANs that any particular gram may traverse may have differing frame

s, limitations, and the IP datagram must fit in these varying frame requirements. If a gram is too large, IP repackages it into

verable pieces using the fragmentation cess. It then delivers the newly created pieces ndividual datagrams and reassembles the

fragments back into a sidistant node.

The Internet Protocol (IPall managed nodes and host and router use of tha number of objects thadatagram statistics, incltables: an address table

Address Translation TabTable. (RFC 1354 defineTable, which replaces anRouting Table in MIB-II.

Note:Note:

If the device supports MIBsee the IP_ApMIB-II attribIP2_App. Thethis section wan example.

I P I P A p p l i c a t i o n V i e w s


IP Thebe amen

•••••••

IP AccIP C

Thisthe on tmanCon

g Icon Subviews menu, select

information.

ss of this route. An entry dered a default route. le destination can appear o such multiple entries is access mechanisms

anagement protocol in

xt hop of this route. (In an interface which is media, the value of this dress on that interface.

niquely identifies the hich the next hop of this .

since this route was last termined to be correct. of ‘too old’ can be implied

A p p l i c a t i o n s


Application Views following application-specific subviews may ccessed from the IP2_App Icon Subviews u:

IP Configuration View (Page 13)IP Routing View (Page 13)IP Routing Detail View (Page 15)IP Address Table (Page 16)IP Fragmentation View (Page 17)IP Reassembly View (Page 17)IP Net-To-Media Table View (Page 18)

Configuration Viewess: From the IP Routing Icon Subviews menu, select onfiguration.

view provides configuration information for router’s IP process. For detailed information he configuration view, see the section in your agement module documentation titled figuration Views.

IP Routing ViewAccess: From the IP RoutinIP Routing.

This view provides route

Destination AddrThe destination IP addrevalue of 0.0.0.0 is consiMultiple routes to a singin the table, but access tdependent on the table-defined by the network muse.

Next Hop AddrThe IP address of the necase of a route bound torealized via a broadcast field is the agent’s IP ad

InterfaceThe index value which ulocal interface through wroute should be reached

Route AgeThe number of seconds updated or otherwise deNote that no semantics

I P I P R o u t i n g V i e w


excby w

PrimThemet

Alt An met

RouInddesvalusystmasRouthe belousin

te Destination is 0.0.0.0 mask value is also ed that all IP routing se this mechanism.

tric for this route. If this lue should be set to -1.

itions specific to the l which is responsible for

d by the value specified in tocol value. If this nt, its value should be set 0 0), which is a t identifier, and any tion of ASN.1 and BER and recognize this value.



ept through knowledge of the routing protocol hich the route was learned.

ary Metric primary routing metric for this route. If this ric is not used, its value should be set to -1.

Metric 2alternate routing metric for this route. If this ric is not used, its value should be set to -1.

te Maskicates the mask to be associated with the tination address before being compared to the e in the IP Route Destination field. For those ems that do not support arbitrary subnet ks, an agent constructs the value of the IP te Mask by determining whether the value of correspondent IP Route Destination field ng to a class-A, B, or C network, and then g one of the following in Table 2:

If the value of the IP Rou(default route), then the0.0.0.0. It should be notsubsystems implicitly u

Metric 5An alternate routing memetric is not used, its va

Route InfoA reference to MIB definparticular routing protcothis route, as determinethe route’s IP Route Proinformation is not preseto the Object Identifier (syntactically valid objecconformant implementamust be able to generate

Table 2: Route Mask

mask network

255.0.0.0 class-A

255.0.0 class-B

255.255.255.0 class-C

I P P R o u t i n g D e t a i l V i e w


IP AccDeta

Thischacha(Pagand

Del

For

Tra

Err

Dis

r Breakdown

Definition

mber of received iscarded due to errors ers (e.g., time to live rsion number ad checksum, etc.)

mber of received iscarded due to invalid the destination field.

ard Breakdown

Definition

l number of datagrams d because no route could be transmit them to their on address.

l number of locally d datagrams received ully but discarded because known or unsupported

A p p l i c a t i o n s I


Routing Detail Viewess: From the IP Routing Icon Subviews menu, select il.

views displays a detail view with three pie rts, showing statistical information in pie rt format. See Table 3, Packet Breakdown e 15), Table 4, Error Breakdown (Page 15), Table 5, Discard Breakdown (Page 15).

Table 3: Packet Breakdown

Statistic Definition

ivered The total number of packets delivered to a higher level protocol.

warded The total number of packets forwarded.

nsmitted The total number of messages transmitted.

ors The total number of messages received containing errors.

carded The total number of messages discarded.

Table 4: Erro

Statistic

Header The total nudatagrams din their headexceeded, vemismatch, b

Address The total nudatagrams daddresses in

Table 5: Disc

Statistic

No Routes The totadiscardefound todestinati

Unknown The totaaddressesuccessfof an unprotocol.

I P I P A d d r e s s T a b l e


leg Icon Subviews menu, select

cription of each interface ick any field to access the sed to add or change

the interface.

er of the interface.

C address of the interface.

f the interface.

of the interface.

In DIn D

Ou(or Dis

Rea

Fra

T



IP Address TabAccess: From the IP RoutinIP Address Table.

This table provides a deson the device. Double-clIP Address Table view, ufields in the table.

IP AddressThe network address of

InterfaceThe identification numb

Net Mask AddrThe subnet mask or MA

Broadcast AddrThe broadcast address o

Largest IP DatagramThe largest IP datagram

iscards (or iscarded)

The total number of received datagrams discarded even though no errors were encountered to prevent their continued processing; such datagrams may have been discarded to increase buffer space.

t DiscardsOut carded)

The total number of transmitted datagrams discarded even though no errors were encountered to prevent their continued processing; such datagrams may have been discarded to increase buffer space.

ssembly The total number of datagram fragment reassembly failures detected by the reassembly algorithm due to time out, errors, etc.

gmentation The total number of datagrams that could not be fragmented by the hub because their Don’t Fragment flag was set.

able 5: Discard Breakdown (Continued)

Statistic Definition

I P I P F r a g m e n t a t i o n V i e w


IP AccIP F

ThefragThepie

Viewviews menu for the IP2_App sembly.

provides a pie chart, as nformation on IP embly. One other view

f seconds which received e they are awaiting .

T

S

Cre

OK

Fai

bly Breakdown

Definition

of IP fragments ch needed to be at this entity.

of IP datagrams reassembled.

of failures detected ssembly algorithm , timed out, errors,



Fragmentation Viewess: From the IP Routing Icon Subviews menu, select ragmentation.

IP Fragmentation view displays any current mentation, and the degree of fragmentation. IP Fragmentation view provides you with the chart information shown in Table 6.

IP ReassemblyAccess: From the Icon SubApplication icon, select Reas

The IP Reassembly viewshown in Table 7, with ifragmentation and reassfield is described below.

IP Reassembly TimeoutThe maximum number ofragments are held whilreassembly at this entity

able 6: IP Fragmentation Breakdown

tatistic Definition

ates Number of IP datagram fragments generated as a result of fragmentation.

s Number of IP datagrams successfully fragmented.

ls Number of IP datagrams discarded due to fragmentation. The Don’t Fragment flag has already been set.

Table 7: IP Reassem

Statistic

Requests The numberreceived whireassembled

OKs The numbersuccessfully

Fails The numberby the IP rea(for exampleetc.)

I P t - T o - M e d i a T a b l e V i e w


IP AccApp

TheARPlayeof theacformdefi

TheMAIP hconhelppro

IP AccApp

InteThe

NetThethe

ddress for this interface.

: Dynamic, Static,

A p p l i c a t i o n s I P N e


Net-To-Media Table Viewess: From the Icon Subviews menu for the IP2_App lication icon, select IPNetToMedia Table.

IP Net-To-Media table allows you to view the cache, which stores in memory the MAC-r addresses associated with the IP addresses ose hosts that are transmitting ARP traffic on

h directly connected network segment. The and function of the IP Net-To-Media table is

ned by RFC 1213.

IP Net-To-Media table provides a report of all C-layer addresses that are associated with the osts transmitting ARP packets on the nected network segment. This information is ful when troubleshooting connectivity

blems.

Net to Media Tableess: From the Icon Subviews menu for the IP2_App lication icon, select IPNetToMedia Table.

rface IP network interface in the Media table.

work Address known address that SPECTRUM uses to map interface to the Media table.

Physical AddressThe physical, or MAC, a

Media TypePossible media types areInvalid, or Other.


orms a number of tasks lication.

Inteof thInteUsilowopebasmayas uICMhosrequThealle

• D(

• E• T

a

to understand each of cause they contain out network status.

w subview is available for m the ICMP2_App Icon P Detail View.

rmance and Detail views, ws.

Detail View views menu for the ICMP_App l, or click on the Detail button in

color-coded pie charts of ICMP application is presented as a ffic and as a total amount


ICMP Application

ICMP, created primarily as a means of reporting routing failures back to the source, perfwithin an IP internetwork. This section describes the views available from the ICMP app

rnet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is part e Network layer in the OSI (Open system

rconnection) model and an integral part of IP. ng the delivery services of IP, ICMP provides -level feedback about how the network is rating. This protocol provides a number of ic control messages for reporting errors that occur in the processing of datagrams, such ndeliverable datagrams or incorrect routes. P is also used to test the path to a distant t via PING (packet internet groper), or to est an address mask for a particular subnet.

standard for ICMP is RFC 792. ICMP works to viate:

atagrams routed to the wrong destination the redirect ICMP message)xcessive delays (time exceeded)he need for retransmissions (which consist of n information request and/or reply).

Network managers needthese ICMP messages bevaluable information ab

ICMP Detail VieOne application-specificthe ICMP application froSubviews menu, the ICM

For information on Perforefer to SPECTRUM Vie

.ICMP Application Access: From the Icon SubApplication icon, select Detaithe ICMP Performance View.

This view provides threepresenting a breakdownstatistics. Each statisticpercentage of overall tra


sincare

PaRecTheinclyell

TranTheincloran

ErroTheconchecolo

DiscTheDes

ErrIn ETheerrocolo

P messages that the ecause of problems (e.g., ted by the color orange.

P Time Exceeded e device. This indicates discarded because its s in the reassembly

gnated by the color gray.

n (Pie Chart)

P Time Exceeded y the device. This gram was discarded ired or it was in the o long. Designated by the

P Destination eceived by the device.

twork or host was was not running, or IP was necessary but Don’t Fragment flag was olor white.


e the device was initialized. Note that colors used to denote a statistic in the graphs.

cket Breakdown (Pie Chart)eived total number of ICMP messages received, uding error messages. Designated by the color ow.

smitted total number of ICMP messages transmitted, uding error messages. Designated by the color ge.

rs total number of ICMP messages received taining ICMP-specific errors (e.g., bad ICMP cksums, bad length, etc.). Designated by the r red.

arded total number of ICMP messages discarded. ignated by the color gray.

or Breakdown (Pie Chart)rrors total number of ICMP messages containing rs that the device received. Designated by the r red.

Out ErrorsThe total number of ICMdevice did not transmit black of buffers). Designa

InTime ExceedThe total number of ICMmessages received by ththat an IP datagram wasTTL had expired or it waqueue for too long. Desi

Discard BreakdowOutTime ExceedThe total number of ICMmessages transmitted bindicates that an IP databecause its TTL had expreassembly queue for tocolor dark blue.

In UnreachThe total number of ICMUnreachable messages rThis indicates that a neunreachable, a protocoldatagram fragmentationdisallowed because the set. Designated by the c

I C M I C M P D e t a i l V i e w


OutTheUnrThisunrdatadisaset.

P A p p l i c a t i o n


Unreach total number of ICMP Destination eachable messages transmitted by the device. indicates that a network or host was eachable, a protocol was not running, or IP gram fragmentation was necessary but llowed because the Don’t Fragment flag was Designated by the color light blue.


munications) protocol TCP views.

ThestattranestareleTratracbeinthe per

e views available for the re three application-

ble from the TCP2_App d are described below:

figuration View ()e View (Page 23)e 24)

Configuration

views menu for the TCP2_App,

nfiguration View provides ut the TCP’s

NoNo

i c e M a n a g e m e n t Page 22

TCP Application

TCP, or Transmission Control Protocol, refers to the connection-oriented transport (comused in the Internet suite. This section provides access and general information for the

TCP application records parameters and istics, such as the number of TCP segments smitted. The protocol completes connection blishment, data transfer, and connection ase phases. Each TCP entity maintains a nsmission Control Block (TCB) in order to k each connection. TCP is best described as g a finite state machine, which is initiated in CLOSED state. As events occur, the TCP entity

forms an action and enters a new state.

TCP ViewsThis section describes thTCP application. There aspecific subviews availaIcon Subviews menu, an

• TCP Application Con• TCP Connection Tabl• TCP Detail View (Pag

TCP ApplicationViewAccess: From the Icon Subselect Configuration.

The TCP Application Codetailed information aboconfiguration.

te:te:

If the device you are modeling supports MIB-I attributes, you will see the TCP_App. If the device supports MIB-II attributes, you will see the TCP2_App. The applications are similar; this section will use the TCP2_App as an example.


ActTheconthe (syn

PasTheconthe (syn

AtteThecondirestattima diLIS

TimThevalu

RetTheretr

RetTheretr

connections the device mum number of TCP this field contains a

P connections have made CLOSED state from either r the CLOSE-WAIT state.

nections for which the STABLISHED or CLOSE-

ents retransmitted. This ber of TCP segments in one or more previously

Table Viewviews menu for the TCP2_App, le.

le view provides evice’s current TCP ons. This table is the connections change.


ive Opens total number of times TCP internet socket nections have made a direct transition from CLOSED state to the SYN/SENT chronize/sent) state.

sive Opens total number of times TCP internet socket nections have made a direct transition from LISTEN state to the SYN/SENT chronize/sent) state.

mpt Fails total number of times TCP internet socket nections have attempted and failed to make a ct transition from the SYN/SENT or SYN/RCVD e to the CLOSED state, plus the number of es TCP internet socket connections have made rect transition from the SYN/RCVD state to the TEN state.

eout Algo algorithm used to determine the timeout e for retransmitting unacknowledged octets.

rans Min minimum value, in milliseconds, for the ansmission timeout.

rans Max maximum value, in milliseconds, for the ansmission timeout.

Max ConnectionThe total number of TCPcan support. If the maxiconnections is dynamic,value of -1.

Establish ResetThe number of times TCa direct transition to thethe ESTABLISHED state o

Current EstbThe number of TCP concurrent state is either EWAIT.

Segments RetransThe number of TCP segmvalue indicates the numtransmitted which contatransmitted octets.

TCP ConnectionAccess: From the Icon Subselect TCP Connection Tab

The TCP Connection tabinformation about the dinternet socket connectidynamically updated as

T C P T C P V i e w s


ConThe

LocThe

In twhiinte0.0

LocThe

RemThe

RemThe

TCAccsele

ThisandTCPuseline

(Pie Chart)

segments received ng errors.

segments transmitted, ing only retransmitted

ontaining errors.

Pie Chart)

ents received containing cksum).

A p p l i c a t i o n


nect State state of this TCP connection.

al Address local IP address for this TCP connection.

he case of a connection in the listen state ch is willing to accept connections for any IP rface associated with the node, the value .0.0 is used.

al Port local port number for this TCP connection.

ote Address remote IP address for this TCP connection.

ote Port remote port number for this TCP connection.

P Detail Viewess: From the Icon Subviews menu for the TCP2_App, ct Detail.

view provides color-coded pie charts (Packet Error Breakdown) presenting a breakdown of application statistics. Note that colors are d to denote a statistic in the multi-attribute graph and pie charts.

Packet BreakdownReceived The total number of TCPincluding those containi

TransmittedThe total number of TCPexcluding those containoctets.

ErrorsTCP segments received c

Error Breakdown (ReceivedThe number of TCP segmerrors (e.g., bad TCP che


Thethe netw

Thethe View

uration Viewviews menu for the nfiguration.

gned name for the device.

ement Information (SMI) ork management

the device.

the device. This name and version of the are operating system,

ware.

icator buttons showing evice (physical, datalink, ion, presentation, and

NoNo


System Application

This section describes the view available for the System Application.

System Application provides information on network management subsystem, and ork-related services offered by this device.

re is one application-specific view available for System application: the System Configuration (Page 25).

System ConfigAccess: From the Icon SubSystem2_App icon, select Co

NameAn administratively assi

Object ID The Structure of Managidentification of the netwsubsystem contained in

Descriptor A textual description of description includes thehardware type, the softwand the networking soft

ServicesA series of read-only indservices offered by this dinternet, transport, sessapplication.)

te:te:

If the device you are modeling supports MIB-I attributes, you will see the System_App. If the device supports MIB-II attributes, you will see the System2_App. The applications are similar; this section will use the System2_App as an example.


Usetranservis asitudatabetwconsenHowdelion care

Theis ban aWitrecewithbeininco

subviews available for the e UDP2_App Icon

iew ()w (Page 27)e 27)

able Viewviews menu of the UDP2_App Listener.

provides information on number of the device’s a local application is datagrams.

n entry to access a UDP ation View, in which you ries.

i c e M a n a g e m e n t Page 26

UDP Application

This section describes the views available for the UDP application.

r Datagram Protocol (UDP) is part of the sport layer of the OSI model and uses the ices of IP to do its job of delivering data. UDP simpler protocol than TCP and is useful in ations where TCP’s reliability for delivering is not necessary. It provides for data transfer een devices using what is referred to as the

nectionless mode and allows packets to be t with a minimum of protocol overhead. ever, this method does not guarantee

very. Also, UDP does not compile information onnection attempts and no acknowledgments sent.

only error checking provided by this protocol y means of the checksum field. A checksum is rithmetic sum used to verify data integrity.

h UDP, the checksum value is calculated by a iving station and, if that value does not agree the checksum contained in the datagram g sent, the receiving system discards the ming user datagram.

UDP ViewsThe application-specific UDP application from thSubviews menu are:

• UDP Listener Table V• UDP Performance Vie• UDP Detail View (Pag

UDP Listener TAccess: From the Icon Subapplication icon, select UDP

The UDP Listener Tablethe IP address and port UDP endpoints on whichcurrently accepting UDP

Double-click on a columListener Interface Informcan modify the table ent


UDPTheUDPanyvalu

UDP Th

UDAccappl

TheMIBsect

ClicView(Pag

views menu for the UDP2_App l, or click on the Detail button in

vides a color-coded pie down of UDP application

P datagrams delivered to the color yellow.

P datagrams sent from he color orange.

agrams received ted by the color red.

P datagrams received for lication at the destination or gray.


Local Address local IP address for this UDP listener. If this listener is allowed to accept datagrams for

IP address associated with the node, the e used is 0.0.0.0.

Local Porte local port number for this UDP listener.

P Performance Viewess: From the Icon Subviews menu for the UDP2_App ication icon, select Performance.

UDP Performance View is identical to the -II Performance View described earlier in this ion.

k on this button to display the UDP Detail , which is described under UDP Detail View e 27).

UDP Detail ViewAccess: From the Icon Subapplication icon, select Detaithe UDP Performance View.

The UDP Detail View prochart presenting a breakstatistics.

Received The total number of UDUDP users. Denoted by

TransmittedThe total number of UDthis entity. Denoted by t

In ErrorsThe number of UDP datcontaining errors. Deno

No PortsThe total number of UDwhich there was no appport. Denoted by the col

Detail


AAbs

abstActiApp

DASNASNAtteauth

BBadBad

CcoldConConCur

t Control Message tocol 19

n 1010

nnection 23erformance View 6NMP Application 6NMP views 6

h Name 7

ystem Interconnection 6en System rconnection) 6


30

Index

tract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) 6ract syntaxes 6ve Opens 23lication viewownload Application 15 Parse Errs 7.1 6mpt Fails 23enticationFailure 10

Comm Name 8 Versions 8

Start 10nect State 24nection Table View 23rent Estb 23

DDownload Application 15

EegpNeighborLoss 10Enterprise field 10enterpriseSpecific 11Establish Reset 23

Ffinite state machine 22

GGetNextRequest PDU 9

IICMP Views 19

Detail 19

InternePro

LlinkDowlinkUp

MMax CoMIB-II PMIB-II SMIB-II S

NNo Suc

OOpen SOSI (Op

Inte

I n d I n d e x


PPassPINGProt

RRetrRetr

SSegmsendSet SNMSNMSNMSNMSYN

TTCPTCPTCPTCPTim

e x


ive Opens 2319

ocol Data Units (PDUs) 6

ans Max 23ans Min 23

ents Retrans 23ing protocol entity 10

Requests 10P Agent Detail 2 View 9P Agent Detail View 7P Get-Request PDUs 9P Trap PDUs 10/SENT (synchronize/sent) 23

application 22 Configuration View 22 Detail View 24 Views 22eout Algo 23

Transmission Control Block (TCB) 22

Transmission Control Protocol 22transport service 7

WwarmStart 10

I n d I n d e x


e x


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