Mexico and US Expansion
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Transcript of Mexico and US Expansion
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Mexico Expansion1810-1856
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1824
• A newly free Mexico wants to settle in their northern most regions
• Americans were living in this territory and the Mexican government wanted them to become Catholic
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1835
Tejanos (Americans of Texas)• Miles and Sam Austin• Republic of Texas declares
Independence and begins a War with Mexico– Including the Battle at the
Alamo
• War ended in 1836
Mexican Government
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1845Texas joins the United States of America
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MANIFEST DESTINY IN THE UNITED STATES
1840’s: United States wants to extend the “boundaries of freedom”
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Reasons for Expansion in the US• Higher birth rates and increases in population
due to immigration.– Nearly 4 million move west between 1820-1850
• Two economic depressions (1818 & 1839)• Frontier land was cheap (or free)• New areas for commerce and individual self-
advancement• Land ownership = personal power• Desire to trade on the West Coast
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1845
• Mexico breaks off friendly ties with the United States after they make Texas a state (James Polk is US President)
• US General Zachary Taylor moves into Mexican land near the Rio Grande
• The Mexican American War begins!
• Interesting Fact! Ulysses S. Grant (against the war), Abraham Lincoln (against the war)
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1847• Treaty of Guadalupe
Hidalgo– Mexico surrenders in
Mexico City– Mexico gives up over 1/3 of
it’s territory• Texas, California, Nevada,
Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, Wyoming & Colorado)
• US was to pay $15 million (not completely paid)
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Consequences of Conflict• 1. The United States acquired the northern half of Mexico. This
area later became the U.S. states of California, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico and Utah.
• 2. President Santa Anna lost power in Mexico following the war.• 3. U.S. General Zachary Taylor used his fame as a war hero to win
the Presidency in 1848. A true irony is that President Polk, a Democrat, pushed for the war that led to Taylor, a Whig, winning the White House.
• 4. Relations between the United States and Mexico remained tense for many decades to come, with several military encounters along the border.
• 5. For the United States, this war provided a training-ground for the men who would lead the Northern and Southern armies in the upcoming American Civil War.
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War Casualities
• United States-- 13,780 dead, many more wounded.
• Mexico-- Much higher than the U.S. total. One figure put Mexican casualties at approximately 25,000.
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Territory the United States Received in Treaty
All of the Mexicans living in this territory instantly became Americans. They had the choice to move or they could stay
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Hispanics in the United States Today
• Hispanic and Latino are ethnic terms, not racial terms– Hispanics and Latinos can be of any race
• 16% of the US Population– 48.4 million people
• Largest ethnic minority in the United States– Black Americans are the largest racial minority
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Statistics
• 49% of the total Hispanic population lives in either California or Texas– California, Texas, Florida, New York and Illinois (5
states with largest populations)
• 44% of the population in New Mexico is Hispanic– About 35% of the California and Texas’ population
are Hispanic
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Origins
• 64% of all Hispanics in the United States today are Mexican– 9% Puerto Rican– 4% Cuban
• Close to 11 million illegal immigrants living in the United States– 56% from Mexico; 22% from other Spanish
Speaking Countries