Meuse/Haute-Marne Environmental Observatory Observatoire ... filein 2015) Carry out an environmental...

AGENCE NATIONALE POUR LA GESTION DES DÉCHETS RADIOACTIFS © Andra

Meuse/Haute-Marne Environmental Observatory Observatoire Pérenne de l’Environnement OPE

DRD/DIR/12-0076

Patrick LANDAIS

BIOPROTA Nancy; May 21, 2012

A U T H E N T I F I C A T I O N G E D

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AGENCE NATIONALE POUR LA GESTION DES DÉCHETS RADIOACTIFS © Andra © Andra

OPE = « Observatoire Pérenne de l’Environnement » An operational and scientific tool for environmental monitoring

Planning Act of 28 juin 2006 = application licence concerning the repository commissioning (« Demande d’Autorisation de Création » in 2015)

Carry out an environmental impact evaluation including a reference state of the environment in connection with the size of the project (duration, cost, influence)

The OPE emerged in 2007 with different specific ambitions: a 100 years long project,

a multi-disciplinarity (ecosystem) approach for both observation and sampling (allowing the control of different environmental factors),

a large spatial scale (several watersheds),

the traceability of the data,

the preservation of the samples,

a link between observations, R&D and biosphere transfer models for safety assessment

BIOPROTA Nancy; May 21, 2012 DRD/DIR/12-0076


Industrial and operational objectives

Establish a representative INITIAL STATE of the site and its environment before Cigeo construction

Establish environmental and socioeconomic criteria in order to facilitate the selection of the zones on which the surface facilities will be installed

Contribute to the definition of the potential ENVIRONMENTAL COMPENSATORY MEASURES

Prepare the future ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM of the industrial site

Identify and explain the origin of any disturbance of the environment or the presence of pollutants from the beginning of the construction

DRD/DIR/12-0076 BIOPROTA Nancy; May 21, 2012


Scientific objectives

Integrate the diversity of the ecosystems (forest, meadow, culture, aquatic) and their interactions into a single observation program,

Use the organized instrumentation and the data acquired as a BASE FOR AN AMBITIOUS SCIENTIFIC AND METROLOGICAL PROGRAM: comparison of three ecosystems (evolution, biogeochemical cycles, biodiversity), definition and development of indicators and environmental sensors

Use the data to understand and anticipate the INTERACTIONS BETWEEN the different media and the evolution of their quality, to identify the causes of the observed evolutions, to evaluate models mainly based on equilibrium between biosphere compartments


Forest Meadow Culture


Ope: observe and understand the possible consequences of anthropic activities at different scales

DRD/DIR/12-0076

Agricultural and Forestry pressure

Land use and

intrants (regional scale)

Industrial pressure Radioactive waste geological disposal

and associated facilities

(local scale)

Climatic pressure

Greenhouse effect

(global scale)

Impact of three main anthropogenic pressures

during 100 years

Monitor, study, model and anticipate impact on every

ecosystems (forest, grassland, openfield,

aquatic)

Multidisciplinary and integrated approach (biodiversity, pedology, hydrology, agronomy,

atmosphere, economy, sociology)



Organization



Forest : 35 %

Arable land : 48 %

Meadow: 13 %

Population density: 13.5 hab./km2

• OPE zone= 900 km² <2010, adapted as a function of the potential localization of Andra facilities • A team of 4 full-time persons on the site, • An investment of 3.5 M€ (partly funded by Government) ; operating budget of about 1.5 M€/an

OPE context zone of observations, ressources



Initiatives and current tools or activities

Inventory and observations network (for 100 y.): flora, fauna, agricultural productions, physicochemical and biological quality of soils and waters, meteorological data (about 85 000 data/y. ; 500 measurement points)

Monitoring of forestry and agricultural practices; Radiological and geochemical bakground Image, data and measurement from satellite and airborne remote

detection (SPOT images, ortho-photo, Lidar, radar, …); Storage of the data in a database coupled with a geographical

Information system (220 000 data) ; Integration of OPE into national and international networks (RMQS,

Renecofor & F-ORE-T, AIRLOR, ICOS, plant, birds, …); Environmental specimen banking.


Cuivré des marais Agrion de mercure

Orobanche


Scientific and monitoring tools

Measurement of the flows of matter and energy between soil, water, air in forest, agricultural and aquatic systems;

Atmospheric station dedicated to the climate and air quality follow-up, and to the sampling of air and particles;

Experimental plots dedicated to the study of ecosystems functioning affected by forcings and manipulation;

Observatory of landscape and socio-economical framework in the light of changes in forestry and agricultural practices

Teledetection


Forest biogeochemical cycles observatory


Instrumented Ecosystems Stations

DRD/DIR/12-0076

Biogeochemical cycles in forest and agricultural (meadow and culture) ecosystems

Forest ecosystem

Fluxes measurement tower (45 meters)



Atmospheric station Measured parameters, partners and networks

DRD/DIR/12-0076

Station à Houdelaincourt (55) Mât de 120 m de hauteur

Parameters Partner French

Network European Network

Pressure, temperature, humidity, wind, rain, radiation Météo Fr

RADOME

EUCOS

Greenhouse gazes :CO2, CH4, N2O LSCE RAMCES ICOS

Pollutants SO2, CO, NOx, O3 et PM10/PM2.5 AIR LORRAINE MERA EMEP

Particulates LGGE/LOA ORAURE ACTRIS

Radioactivity IRSN OPERA


http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.lsce.ipsl.fr/Phocea/file.php?reload=1255093471&class=newsImg&file=_1794_0_.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.lsce.ipsl.fr/&usg=__smUTybDpUMLid9hH2DgMZ-vaaX8=&h=75&w=222&sz=8&hl=fr&start=3&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=VvY32NWQQqL3HM:&tbnh=36&tbnw=107&prev=/images?q=ICOS+Integrated+Carbon+Observation+system&um=1&hl=fr&lr=&tbs=isch:1


Expertise by LNE (Laboratoire National de métrologie et d’Essais)

Water quality control



Environmental Specimen Banking Why?

DRD/DIR/12-0076

Andra will manage an « ESB » to answer the Cigeo project needs Preserve the memory of the initial state of the environment (2008-2017),

Follow the evolution of the environment (> on 2017) by guaranteeing the

possibility of making retrospective analyses at a secular scale.

Why a specimen banking ? Industrial objective: To be able to verify and\or redo new analyses later,

Scientific objective: to allow to realize historic chronicles and

correlations between parameters.


http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.orleans.inra.fr/var/orleans/storage/htmlarea/1588/infosol0201.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.orleans.inra.fr/les_unites/us_infosol&usg=__su0m0bdo_NpYkuQ1JCxiDITRx7Q=&h=235&w=312&sz=17&hl=fr&start=8&um=1&tbnid=Y_XiiVL64DsyvM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=117&prev=/images%3Fq%3Darchivage%2Bsols%2Borl%25C3%25A9ans%26hl%3Dfr%26lr%3D%26sa%3DG%26um%3D1


Andra ESB, Bure 2011 construction 2013 operating



Samples to be preserved 43 different specimen

DRD/DIR/12-0076

Regulatory control = water, air (filters) Agro-systems = local agricultural foodchain Meadows: water (rain, surface) / soil / grass Products of breeding: milk / cheese / eggs / muscle and liver (beef , poultry) Cultures: corn / colza / wheat / winter and spring barley Productions of the kitchen garden (potato, radish, cabbage, bean), Productions of orchards (cherry plum, apple, cherry) Honey

Forest ecosystems: Soil, water, wood, leaves, needles, mushrooms, lichen, mosses, microfauna,

insects, game (wild boar, roe deer)

Aquatic ecosystem: water, fish, crawfish, mussel, mosses.

Bio-indicators for the monitoring of the environment quality



Scientific program associated with ESB Long term storage, Environmental Quality Assessments,

Definition of Protocols, Reference Materials

DRD/DIR/12-0076

Long-term monitoring of chemical

diversity

Biochemical & Genomic response

Zero State Memory of chemical diversity

Climatic Forcing

Ecosystems Samples

Ecosystems Samples

Ecosystems Samples

STATE ORIGINS

& RESPONSES

EVOLUTION

Discrimination

& origins of anthropic

pressure on bio-geo

chemistry

Retrospective analysis with

improved analytical

techniques

Isotopic methods

Very low level signals series

TIME SCALE

Industry

Agriculture &

Forestry

Natural variations Mutations



Conclusions

Perennial Observatory (100 years) to answer operationnal needs of Cigeo (initial environmental state and long-term monitoring)

Environmental research tool recently qualified at a national level to further develop fundamental scientific questions (partly for updating/confirming safety assessments)

Ope: a tool made available to national and international scientific community


AGENCE NATIONALE POUR LA GESTION DES DÉCHETS RADIOACTIFS © Andra © Andra AGENCE NATIONALE POUR LA GESTION DES DÉCHETS RADIOACTIFS

http/www.andra.fr/ope


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