METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR producing amonia and nitrogen fertilizer

9
US 20130095468Al (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. N0.: U S 2013/0095468 A 1 Baskis (43) Pub. Date: Apr. 1 8 , 2013 (54) METHOD AND APPARATUS FO R (52) US . l . PRODUCING AMMONIA A ND NITROGEN CPC .................................. . C12M 1/00 (2013.01) FERT ILIZE R USING NITROGEN FIXING USPC ....... . . 435/3; 435/289.1; 435/286.6; 435/168; BACTERIA 435/297.1 (71) Applicant: Baswood, Inc., Santa Barbara, C A U S (57) ABSTRACT Th e apparatus o f t h e present invention includes a ?rst nitro g en xation tank open o t h e ambient a i r an d itrogen-?xing bacteria an d a growth medium ithin the ?rst nitrogen ? x a tion tank downstream from t h e ?rst nitrogen ?xation tank f o r producing ammonium hydroxide from a combination of ambient air, water, an d selected nutrients. Th e pparatus also includes a second evaporation tank t o vaporize the ammo nium ydroxide form anhydrous ammonia. Th e present invention relates to a method fo r producing _ _ ammonia n d itro en fertilizer usin nitro en-?xin bacte Related U's' Apphcatlon Data ria, including provfling a ?rst nitroggn ?xaatgion tankgopen to (60) Provisional application N o . 61/546,360, ?led on ct. the ambient air, a n d nitrogen-?xing bactieria a n d a growth (72) Inventor: Paul T . Baskis, Vero Beach, F L U S ) (73) Assignee: BASWOOD, NC., Santa Barbara, CA (Us) (21) Appl.No.: 13/649,549 (22) Filed: Oct. 1 1, 2012 12, 2011. medium ithin t h e ?rst nitrogen ?xation tank fo r producing ammonium hydroxide from a combination of ambient air, Publication Classi?cation water, an d selected nutrients. The method l s o includes p r o viding a second evaporation tank downstream from the ?rst (51) Int. C l . nitrogen ?xation tank t o vaporize t h e ammonium ydroxide C12M / 0 0 (2006.01) t o form anhydrous ammonia. INPUT NUTRIENTS ‘Y NITROGEN FIXATION a Y HEATER / g 7 EVAPORATION _ ANK V AMMONIA/NOX PRODUCT F ' 4

Transcript of METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR producing amonia and nitrogen fertilizer

8/22/2019 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR producing amonia and nitrogen fertilizer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/method-and-apparatus-for-producing-amonia-and-nitrogen-fertilizer 1/9

US 20130095468Al

( 1 9 ) United S t a t e s

( 1 2 ) Patent Application Publication ( 1 0 ) P u b . N 0 . : US 2 0 1 3 / 0 0 9 5 4 6 8 A 1B a s k i s ( 4 3 ) P u b . D a t e : Apr. 1 8 , 2013

( 5 4 ) METHODANDAPPARATUS FOR ( 5 2 ) US. l .

PRODUCINGAMMONIAANDNITROGEN CPC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C12M 1/00 (2013.01)

FERTILIZER USINGNITROGEN FIXING USPC . . . . . . . . . 4 3 5 / 3 ; 435/289.1; 4 3 5 / 2 8 6 . 6 ; 435/168;

BACTERIA 4 3 5 / 2 9 7 . 1

( 7 1 ) A p p l i c a n t : B a s w o o d , I n c . , S a n t a B a r b a r a , CA U S ) ( 5 7 ) ABSTRACT

Th e a p p a r a t u s o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i n c l u d e s a ? r s t n i t r o

gen x a t i o n t a n k open o t h e a m b i e n t a i r and i t r o g e n - ? x i n g

b a c t e r i a and a g r o w t h medium i t h i n t h e ? r s t n i t r o g e n ?xa

t i o n t a n k downstream f r o m t h e ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k f o r

p r o d u c i n g ammonium h y d r o x i d e from a c o m b i n a t i o n o f

a m b i e n t a i r , w a t e r , a n d s e l e c t e d n u t r i e n t s . The p p a r a t u s a l s o

i n c l u d e s a second e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k t o v a p o r i z e t h e ammo

nium y d r o x i d e t o f o r m a n h y d r o u s a m m o n i a .

Th e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n r e l a t e s to a method f o r p r o d u c i n g

_ _ ammonia nd i t r o en f e r t i l i z e r usin n i t r o en-?xin bacte

R e l a t e d U ' s ' A p p h c a t l o n D a t a r i a , i n c l u d i n g p r o v f l i n g a ? r s t n i t r o g g n ? x a a t g i o n t a n k g o p e n t o

( 6 0 ) P r o v i s i o n a l a p p l i c a t i o n N o . 6 1 / 5 4 6 , 3 6 0 , ? l e d on c t . t h e a m b i e n t a i r , a n d n i t r o g e n - ? x i n g b a c t i e r i a a n d a g r o w t h

( 7 2 ) I n v e n t o r : P a u l T . B a s k i s , V e r o B e a c h , FL U S )

( 7 3 ) A s s i g n e e : BASWOOD, N C . , S a n t a B a r b a r a , CA( U s )

( 2 1 ) A p p l . N o . : 1 3 / 6 4 9 , 5 4 9

( 2 2 ) F i l e d : O c t . 1 1 , 2 0 1 2

1 2 , 2 0 1 1 . medium i t h i n t h e ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k fo r p r o d u c i n gammonium h y d r o x i d e from a c o m b i n a t i o n o f a m b i e n t a i r ,

P u b l i c a t i o n C l a s s i ? c a t i o n w a t e r , and s e l e c t e d n u t r i e n t s . The method l s o i n c l u d e s p r o

v i d i n g a s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k downstream from t h e ? r s t

( 5 1 ) I n t . C l . n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k t o v a p o r i z e t h e ammonium y d r o x i d e

C12M / 0 0 ( 2 0 0 6 . 0 1 ) t o f o r m a n h y d r o u s a m m o n i a .

INPUT

NUTRIENTS

‘Y

NITROGEN

FIXATION a

Y

HEATER / g

7

EVAPORATION

_ANK

V

AMMONIA/NOXPRODUCT F' 4 ’

8/22/2019 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR producing amonia and nitrogen fertilizer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/method-and-apparatus-for-producing-amonia-and-nitrogen-fertilizer 2/9

P a t e n t A p p l i c a t i o n P u b l i c a t i o n A p r . 18 , 2 0 1 3 S h e e t 1 0 f 3 US 2 0 1 3 / 0 0 9 5 4 6 8 A 1

INPUT

NUTRIENTS

i 3

NITROGEN

FIXATION

TANK

f 0

V

HEATER /2%

V

EVAPORATION

TANK

F I G . 1

V

AMMONIA/NOX 4 ,PRODUCT ‘w

8/22/2019 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR producing amonia and nitrogen fertilizer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/method-and-apparatus-for-producing-amonia-and-nitrogen-fertilizer 3/9

P a t e n t A p p l i c a t i o n P u b l i c a t i o n A p r . 1 8 , 2 0 1 3 S h e e t 2 0 f 3 US 013/0095468 A 1

NITROGEN f 6 f 1FIXATION

TANK

2L ,. 2g

“ w.

HEATER

7 / 1 ,

IEVAPORATION

{w TANK

x

@%

4 »‘

‘42 PUMP :

i \I G . 2

VMMONIA/NOX “m

STORAGE

8/22/2019 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR producing amonia and nitrogen fertilizer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/method-and-apparatus-for-producing-amonia-and-nitrogen-fertilizer 4/9

P a t e n t A p p l i c a t i o n P u b l i c a t i o n A p r . 18 , 2 0 1 3 S h e e t 3 0 f 3 US 2 0 1 3 / 0 0 9 5 4 6 8 A 1

f ‘ : 3 ; / §$ fg+ I r I f I

MINERAL MINERAL MINERAL MINERAL

TANK TANK TANK TANK g 3 § u

J L I >4 1 f

is} I AMMONIA

Hz " * PRODUCT} %/ NITROGEN 1 f " 5

CARBON FIXING $21M

SOURCE TANK GAS

TANK PROCESSOR

f ? é' :\

y \ { C A R B O i i f i C / JTT IN N

ETAIZKG f N I T R I C ACID +EXHAUST

I T

~ MICRON MW‘) _, GENERATOR

' SCREENS

G A S I F I E R i

/_m I v

AERQBIC GAS/LIQUID

I’ IGESTER ‘ SEPARATOR‘

v 5 2 ? }

MICRON W I ‘ Z

1 SCREENS

, MEMBRANE {I 2 FIG. 3

DRY

FERTILIZER

STORAGE ,

RECYCLE

WATER

8/22/2019 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR producing amonia and nitrogen fertilizer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/method-and-apparatus-for-producing-amonia-and-nitrogen-fertilizer 5/9

US 013/0095468 A 1

METHOD NDAPPARATUS FOR

PRODUCINGAMMONIA ND NITROGEN

FERTILIZER USINGNITROGEN FIXING

BACTERIA

CROSS-REFERENCETO RELATED

APPLICATIONS

[ 0 0 0 1 ] T h i s a p p l i c a t i o n c l a i m s t h e b e n e ? t o f US. P r o v i

s i o n a l A p p l i c a t i o n S e r . N o . 6 1 / 5 4 6 , 3 6 0 , ? l e d O c t . 1 2 , 2 0 1 1 ,

t h e c o n t e n t s o f Which a r e i n c o r p o r a t e d h e r e i n by e f e r e n c e .

FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCHOR

DEVELOPMENT

[ 0 0 0 2 ] N/A

TECHNICAL IELD

[ 0 0 0 3 ] Th e i n v e n t i o n r e l a t e s g e n e r a l l y to a method and

a p p a r a t u s f o r t h e p r o d u c t i o n o f ammonia n d n i t r o g e n f o r u s e

as f e r t i l i z e r .

BACKGROUND OF THEINVENTION

[ 0 0 0 4 ] S o i l s a r o u n d t h e g l o b e h a v e become e g r a d e d d u e oi n t e n s i v e a g r i c u l t u r a l u s e . F a r m e r s a r e c u r r e n t l y e x p e r i e n c i n g

l o W e r c r o p y i e l d s d e s p i t e t h e i r i n c r e a s e d u s e o f e r t i l i z e r s and

o t h e r c h e m i c a l s .

[ 0 0 0 5 ] One f t h e m a i n p r o b l e m s W i t h s o i l s , p a r t i c u l a r l y i nt h e c e n t r a l p o r t i o n o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s , i s a d e c r e a s e i n

o r g a n i c c a r b o n p r e s e n t i n t h e s o i l d u e t o r e p e a t e d c u l t i v a t i o n

and u r n i n g t h e s o i l o v e r . These p r o c e s s e s add oxygen o t h e

s o i l , r e su l t i n g i n o x i d a t i o n o f t h e c a r b o n i n t h e s o i l , t h u s

l o W e r i n g t h e s o i l ’ s p r o d u c t i v i t y . T h i s r e q u i r e s f a r m e r s t o u s e

more e r t i l i z e r s .

[ 0 0 0 6 ] One o f t h e main a d v a n t a g e s o f t h e a p p a r a t u s a n d

method o f t h e p r e se n t i n v e n t i o n i s t h a t i t p r o d u c e s n o t o n l y

ammonia u t a l s o f e r t i l i z e r s and o i l amendments h a t a r e r i c h

i n ?xed a r b o n . T h i s added ?xed a r b o n i n c r e a s e s t h e c a t i o n

exchange c a p a c i t y o f t h e s o i l , a s W e l l as t h e s o i l ’ s W a t e r

h o l d i n g a p a c i t y a n d i r e x c h a n g e , r e s u l t i n g i n i m p r o v e d c r o p

p r o d u c t i v i t y . A d d i t i o n a l l y , t h e a p p a r a t u s a n d m e t h o d o f t h e

p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n a l s o p r o d u c e s s o i l n u t r i e n t s u s i n g l e s s

energy an d With s i n g l i t t l e o r no f o s s i l f u e l s .

SUMMARYOF THEINVENTION

[ 0 0 0 7 ] The b r o a d o b j e c t i v e o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s t op r o v i d e an p p a r a t u s and method h a t u s e s c a r b o n d i o x i d e an d

n i t r o u s o x i d e s p r o d u c e d from o m b u s t i o n o f methane e i t h e r

f rom biomass o r f rom conventional n a t u r a l ga s s o u r c e s t o

form a c i d s t h a t can be used t o d i s s o l v e s o u r c e rock i n t o

s o l u b l e n u t r i e n t s . T h e s e n u t r i e n t s a r e t h e n u s e d by n i t r o g e n

?xing a c t e r i a t o form ammonia h a t can be s o l a t e d and used

a s f e r t i l i Z e r f o r s o i l a p p l i c a t i o n . Some f h e n i t r o g e n ?xed by

t h e n i t r o g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a a r e u s e d by h e s e b a c t e r i a t o groW

a n d m u l t i p l y . T h i s n i t r o g e n i s c o l l e c t e d i n t h e b i o m a s s f r o m

t h e r a p i d l y g r o W i n g b a c t e r i a c o l o n y a n d s s e p a r a t e d f r o m t h eW a t e r and a s i ? e d t o p r o d u c e a s o l i d f e r t i l i Z e r r i c h i n r e a d i l y

a v a i l a b l e n i t r o g e n p h o s p h o r o u s a n d p o t a s s i u m . T h e g a s i ? c a

t i o n o f t h i s biomass W i l l p r o d u c e more ammonia and a l s o

p r o d u c e s methane a s t h a t c a n b e used o poWer h e g e n e r a t o r

t h a t i s p r o d u c i n g t h e a c i d s f o r d i s s o l v i n g t h e s o u r c e r o c k .

[ 0 0 0 8 ] I n o n e e m b o d i m e n t , t h e a p p a r a t u s o f t h e p r e s e n t

i n v e n t i o n i n c l u d e s a ? r s t n i t r o ge n ? x a t i o n t a n k open t o t h e

a m b i e n t a i r and n i t r o g e n - ? x i n g b a c t e r i a and a g r o W t h

A p r . 1 8 , 2 0 1 3

medium W i t h i n t h e ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k doWnstream

f r o m t h e ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k f o r p r o d u c i n g ammonium

h y d r o x i d e from a c o m b i n a t i o n o f a m b i e n t a i r , W a t e r , a n d

s e l e c t e d n u t r i e n t s . Th e a p p a r a t u s a l s o i n c l u d e s a second

e v a p o r at i o n t a n k t o v a p o r i Z e t h e ammonium h y d r o x i d e t of o r m a n h y d r o u s a m m o n i a .

[ 0 0 0 9 ] I n a n o t h e r e m b o d i m e n t , t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n

r e l a t e s t o a method f o r p r o d u c i n g ammonia and n i t r o g e n

f e r t i l i Z e r u s i n g n i t r o g e n - ? x i n g a c t e r i a . The e t h o d i n c l u d e s

t h e s t e p s o f r o v i d i n g a ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k open o t h e

a m b i e n t a i r , a n d n i t r o g e n - ? x i n g b a c t i e r i a a n d a g r o W t h

medium i t h i n t h e ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k f o r p r o d u c i n g

ammonium h y d r o x i d e from a c o m b i n a t i o n o f a m b i e n t a i r ,

W a t e r , and s e l e c t e d n u t r i e n t s . The method a l s o i n c l u d e s t h e

ste p s o f p r o v i d i n g a s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k d o W n s t r e a m

from t h e ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k t o v a p o r i Z e t h e ammo

nium y d r o x i d e t o f o r m a n h y d r o u s a m m o n i a .

[ 0 0 1 0 ] I n a f u r t h e r e m b o d i m e n t , t h e a p p a r a t u s f o r p r o d u c

i n g ammonia a n d n i t r o g e n f e r t i l i Z e r i s p r o v i d e d . T h i s a p p a

r a t u s i n c l u d e s a p l u r a l i t y o f m i n e r a l p r o c e s si n g t a n k s Them i n e r a l p r o c e s s i n g t a n k s e a c h p r o d u c e a m i n e r a l s o l u t i o n . I t

a l s o i n c l u d e s a c a r b o n s o u r c e t a n k , and n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k

c o n t a i n i n g n i t r o g en ? x i n g b a c t e r i a a n d g r o W t h m e d i a f o r t h e

b a c t e r i a . The i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k r e c e i v e s t h e m i n e r a l s o l u

t i o n s f r o m t h e p l u r a l i t y o f m i n e r a l t a n k s and a r b o n f r o m t h e

carbon source t a n k .

[ 0 0 1 1 ] Th e p p a r a t u s o f h i s embodiment u r t h e r i n c l u d e s a

s e t t l i n g t a n k f o r r e c e i v i n g W a t e r W i t h d i s s o l v e d ammonia

f r o m t h e n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k , a n d s e p a r a t i n g n i t r o g e n ? x i n gb a c t e r i a an d s o l i d s from t h e W a t e r . A r s t micron s c r e e n

c o l l e c t s n i t r o g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a a n d s o l i d s f r o m W a t e r

r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e s e t t l i n g t a n k . A a s - l i q u i d s e p a r a t o r s e p a

r a t e s t h e d i s s o l v e d ammonia from Water r e c e i v e d from t h e

s e t t l i n g t a n k , a n d membrane l t e r c o l l e c t s r e m a i n i n g m i n e r

al s i n t h e W a t e r .

[ 0 0 1 2 ] The a p p a r a t u s a l s o i n c l u d e s a n a e r o b i c d i g e s t e r f o r

d i g e s t i n g r e s i d u a l o r g a n i c c o m p o u n d s i n W a t e r r e c e i v e d f r o m

t h e g a s - l i q u i d s e p a r a t o r , and a second micron s c r e e n f o r

r e m o v i n g b a c t e r i a i n W a t e r r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e a e r o b i c d i g e s t e r .

A a s i ? e r h e a t s s o l i d s r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e s e t t l i n g t a n k , t h e ? r s tand s e c o n d micron c r e e n s , and i n e r a l s from h e membrane

? l t e r s u ? i c i e n t t o c o n v e r t t h e s o l i d s and m i n e r a l s t o s o l i d

f e r t i l i Z e r . The a s i ? e r a l s o p r o d u c e s a m i x t u r e o f methane a s

and ammonia g a s . A a s p r o c e s s o r c o n d e n s e s ammonia g a s

r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e g a s i ? e r a n d t h e g a s - l i q u i d s e p a r a t o r . Ag e n e r a t o r i s p r o v i d e d f o r g e n e r a t i n g e l e c t r i c p o W e r f r o m

methane e c e i v e d from h e g a s i ? e r , a s i s a s c r u b b e r f o r s c r u b

b i n g e x h a u st g a s e s f r o m t h e g e n e r a t o r .

BRIEF DESCRIPTIONOF THEDRAWINGS

[ 0 0 1 3 ] To u n d e r s t a n d t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n , i t W i l l noW e

d e s c r i b e d by Wa y o f e x a m p l e , W i t h r e f e r e n c e t o t h e accom

p a n y i n g d r a W i n g s i n W h i c h :

[ 0 0 1 4 ] F I G . 1 i s a H ow h a r t o f t h e ammonia and i t r o g e n

f e r t i l i Z e r p r o d u c i n g p r o c e s s o f an embodiment f t h e p r e s e n t

i n v e n t i o n ;[ 0 0 1 5 ] F I G . 2 i s a s c h e m a t i c o f t h e ammonia and i t r o g e n

f e r t i l i Z e r p r o d u c i n g p r o c e s s o f an embodiment f t h e p r e s e n t

i n v e n t i o n ; a n d

[ 0 0 1 6 ] F I G . 3 i s a s c h e m a t i c d r a W i n g o f t h e ammonia and

n i t r o g e n e r t i l i Z e r p r o d u c i n g p r o c e s s o f a f u r t h e r embodiment

o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n .

8/22/2019 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR producing amonia and nitrogen fertilizer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/method-and-apparatus-for-producing-amonia-and-nitrogen-fertilizer 6/9

US 013/0095468 A 1

DETAILEDDESCRIPTION

[ 0 0 1 7 ] W h i l e t h i s i n v e n t i o n i s s u s c e p t i b l e o f e m b o d i m e n t s

i n many d i f f e r e n t f o r m s , t h e r e i s shoWn n t h e d r a w i n g s a n d

W i l l h e r e i n b e d e s c r i b e d i n d e t a i l p r e f e r r e d embodiments o f

t h e i n v e n t i o n W i t h t h e u n d e r s t a n d i n g t h a t t h e p r e s e n t d i s c l o

s u r e i s t o be o n s i d e r e d a s an exempli?cation of h e p r i n c i p l e s

o f t h e i n v e n t i o n and s n o t i n t e n d e d to l i m i t t h e broad a s p e c t

of h e i n v e n t i o n t o t h e embodiments l l u s t r a t e d .

[ 0 0 1 8 ] R e f e r r i n g o F I G S . 1 a n d , a n a p p a r a t u s 1 0 i s shoWn

f o r p r o d u c i n g a m m o n i a a n d n i t r o g e n e r t i l i Z e r u s i n g n i t r o g e n

? x i n g b a c t e r i a . W a t e r , n u t r i e n t s a n d a i r a r e i n p u t t e d t h r o u g h

p i p e s o r c o n d u i t s 1 3 o r s i m i l a r communication d e v i c e s an d

i n t r o d u c e d i n t o a ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k 1 2 . S u i t a b l e

n u t r i e n t s c a n i n c l u d e p h o s p h o r u s , c a l c i u m , m a g n e s i u m , i r o n ,p o t a s s i u m , and a r b o n . The r s t t a n k 1 2 h a s W i t h i n t a g r o W t h

m e d i a 1 4 , p r e f e r a b l y o f a p l a s t i c s u c h a s h i g h d e n s i t y p o l y

e t h y l e n e (HDPE), r s i l i c a s a n d o r q u a r t z i t e s a n d . The HDPE

media s a d v a n t a g e o u s W h e r e i t i s d e s i r a b l e t o p r o d u c e a n d

c o l l e c t t h e n i t r o g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a . Such b a c t e r i a d o n o t

r e a d i l y a f ? x t h e m s e l v e s to t h e HDPE e d i a , and c a n bec o l l e c t e d u s i n g a s e t t l i n g t a n k a n d b a c k ? u s h i n g m i c r o n

s c r e e n s . T h i s ? r s t t a n k 12 s ? l l e d With mixture 1 1 of a t e r ,

n u t r i e n t s , a n d g r o W t h m e d i a o a p p r o x i m a t e l y o n e - h a l f 1 / 2 ) o f

i t s c a p a c i t y u p t o f u l l c a p a c i t y . The c a p a c i t y o f ? r s t t a n k 1 2

may b e a n y s u i t a b l e d e s i r e d c a p a c i t y . T h i s m i x t u r e 1 1 i s

t r a n s f e r r e d v i a a c o n d u i t , p i p e l i n e , o r s i m i l a r d e v i c e 16

t h r o u g h a v a l v e 18 t o a second e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k 20 an d

t h r o u g h th e g r o W t h m e d i a 1 4 .[ 0 0 1 9 ] I t s h o u l d b e n o t e d t h i s p r o c e s s i s c o n t i n u o u s . A

t r a n s f e r pump 22 i s c o n t r o l l e d by a c o n t r o l l e r 2 4 . Th e ? r s t

t a n k 1 2 p r o v i d e s t h e e n v i r o n m e n t f o r t h e f o r m a t i o n o f ammo

n i a f r o m a t m o s p h e r i c n i t r o g e n , o r N 2 , u t i l i Z i n g n a t u r a l l yo c c u r r i n g n i t r o g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a f r o m th e s o i l e n v i r o n m e n t .

A i r s p u l l e d i n t o t h e t a n k 1 2 t h r o u g h a manhole 6 t h a t a l l o W s

t h e ? r s t t a n k 1 2 t o b e open o t h e s u r r o u n d i n g a t m o s p h e r e andt h e 78 % o n c e n t r a t i o n o f n i t r o g e n t h a t i s i n t h e a i r .

[ 0 0 2 0 ] A f t e r a n a p p r o p r i a t e a e r o b i c ? x i n g o r f e r m e n t a t i o n

t i m e i n ? r s t t a n k 1 2 , t y p i c a l l y o n t h e o r d e r o f e i g h t ( 8 ) h o u r s ,

t h e b a c t e r i a t h a t a r e f r e e l i v i n g a n d c a p a b l e o f ? x i n g n i t r o g e n

b e g i n to ? o u r i s h . As t h e r e i s no i t r o g e n i n t h e e n v i r o n m e n t

no o t h e r b a c t e r i a ca n s u r v i v e . These b a c t e r i a t h a t ca n ? x

n i t r o g e n a r e s a p r o p h y t e s t h a t l i v e o f f o f p l a n t r e s i d u e s o t h e y

ca n us e a broad range of simple carbon s o u r c e s normally

f o u n d f r o m f e r m e n t i n g p l a n t m a t e r i a l i n t h e s o i l e n v i r o n m e n t .

T h e r e a r e b o t h a e r o b i c a n d a n a e r o b i c f r e e l i v i n g n i t r o g e n

?xing a c t e r i a . T h i s means t h a t t h e environment can a r y i n

t h e amount o f oxygen h at i s p r e s e n t and t i l l p r o d u c e e x c e l

l e n t g r o W t h r a t e s . T h e s e f a c t o r s a r e s u c h t h a t g r o W t h o f i t r o

gen ?xing b a c t e r i a W i l l be e a s y i n a Wide r a n g e o f e n v i r o n

ments and a Wide range of s u b s t r a t e s a s a carbon source

making t h e e c o n o m i c s m o s t a t t r a c t i v e . E x a m p l e s o f a e r o b i c

b a c t e r i a W o u l d b e A z o l o b a c l e r , B e i j e r i n c k i a , a n d A z o s p i r r i l

l i u m . A n a n a e r o b i c b a c t e r i a e x a m p l e Would e C l o s l r i d i u m

p a s l e u r i a n u m . The e n e r a l c h e m i c a l r e a c t i o n f o r t h e ? x a t i o n

o f i t r o g e n s i d e n t i c a l f o r c h e m i c a l a n d b i o l o g i c a l p r o c e s s es :

N 2 + 3 H 2 Q 2 N H 3 . I n a n a l t e r n a t i v e embodiment, p u r e n i t r o

gen can be obtained f rom n i t r o g e n g e n e r a t o r , and an anaero

b i c ( c l o s e d o r f e r m e n t a t i o n ) e n v i r o n m e n t c a n groW h e n i t r o

g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a .

[ 0 0 2 1 ] Th e t r a n s f e r pump 22 moves t h e m i x t u r e 1 1 , noW

c o n t a i n i n g ammonia i n t h e f o r m o f ammonium h y d r o x i d e ,

t h r o u g h a h e a t e r 2 8 . T h i s o c c u r s d u r i n g t h e t r a n s f e r o f t h e

m i x t u r e 1 1 i n t o t h e s e c o n d t a n k 2 0 . The i x t u r e 1 1 i n c l u d i n g

ammonium h y d r o x i d e i s h e a t e d t o a d e s i r e d t e m p e r a t u r e ,

A p r . 1 8 , 2 0 1 3

Which s n e a r t h e b o i l i n g p o i n t o f ammonium y d r o x i d e , o r

a p p r o x i m a t e l y 9 7 ° F . The t e m p e r a t u r e o f t h e t r a n s f e r r e d

n u t r i e n t s , W a t e r and ammonium y d r o x i d e m i x t u r e 1 1 i s con

t r o l l e d v i a a t h e r m o c o u p l e 30 and e a t e r c o n t r o l l e r 3 2 . Ther

mocouple 3 0 i s l o c a t e d doWnstream f e a t e r 2 8 . A s a r e s u l t ,t h e t e m p e r a t u r e o f t h e m i x t u r e 1 1 i s measured fte r t p a s s e s

t h r o u g h t h e h e a t e r 2 8 . A n u t p u t 3 1 o f t h e t h e r m o c o u p l e 3 0 i s

s e n t t o t h e c o n t r o l l e r 3 2 . Th e e a t e r 28 s s e l e c t i v e l y t u r n e d on

and o f f v i a an o u t p u t 33 from t h e h e a t e r c o n t r o l l e r 32 t o t h e

h e a t e r 2 8 .

[ 0 0 2 2 ] The a l v e 1 8 p e r m i t s t h e h e a t e d ammonium y d r o x

i d e , W a t e r and n u t r i e n t s m i x t u r e 1 1 to p a s s i n t o t h e s e c o n d

e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k 2 0 . E v a p o r a t i o n t a n k 2 0 c o n t a i n s no media

t h e r e i n , b u t p r e f er a b l y i n c l u d e s ? a t s l o p e d l a t e s W i t h n t e r n a lp a s s a g e s t h e r e i n to a l l o W t h e m i x t u r e 1 1 c o n t a i n i n g t h e

ammonium y d r o x i d e s u ? i c i e n t s u r f a c e a r e a t o v a p o r i Z e t h e

ammonia n t o a g a s , NH3, o r m a l l y r e f e r r e d t o a s a n h y d r o u s

ammonia. l t e r n a t i v e l y , t h e s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k 2 0 c a n

b e a h e a t e d s t i r t a n k . The v a l v e 1 8 i s p r e f e r a b l y s e l e c t i v e l y

o p e r a t e dv i a c o n t r o l l e r 2 4 . C o n t r o l l e r

2 4o p e r a t e s t h e v a l v e 1 8

an d r a n s f e r pump 22 i a an u t p u t 35 s o t h a t t h e v a l v e 18 an d

t r a n s f e r pump 22 a r e b o t h a c t i v a t e d s i m u l t a n e o u s l y .

[ 0 0 2 3] C o n t r o l l e r 24 a l s o r e c e i v e s d a t a from a p r e s s u r e

s e n s o r 34 measuring t h e p r e s s u r e i n t h e s e c o n d t a n k 2 0 v i a

o u t p u t 3 7 . Th e o n t r o l l e r 2 4 t h r o u g h an o u t p u t 39 c o n t r o l s a

vacuum pump 36 keeping h e second a n k 20 t t h e d e s i r e d se t

p o i n t , t h a t b e i n g a p p r o x i m a t e l y — 0 . 5 p s i g . S e p a r at e b u t i n k e dc o n t r o l l e r s may l s o be s e d t o c o n t r o l t h e t r a n s f e r pump 2 2 ,

v a l v e 1 8 , an d vacuum pump 3 6 . Whenever h e vacuum of h e

s e c o n d t a n k 20 s above t h e — 0 . 5 p s i g , o r a l t e r n a t i v e d e s i r e d

se t p o i n t , t h e c o n t r o l l e r 24 a c t i v a t e s t h e vacuum pump 3 6 .

When acuum pump 36 s running t draWs a vacuum n t h e

second a n k 20 an d s t h e p r e s s u r e l o W e r s t o — 0 . 5 p s i g , o r t h e

d e s i r e d s e t p o i n t , t h e v a l v e 1 8 , W h i c h i s n o r m a l l y c l o s e d , i s

a c t i v a t e d a n d o p e n e d b y t h e c o n t r o l l e r 2 4 . S i m u l t a n e o u s l y ,

t h e t r a n s f e r pump 2 a c t i v a t e s s o a s t o t r a n s f e r t h e mixture 11

t h r o u g h t h e h e a t e r 2 8 and n to t h e s e c o n d t a n k 2 0 . T h i s a l l o W s

m i x t u r e 1 1 from r s t t a n k 1 2 t h a t i s h e a t e d t o n e a r t h e b o i l i n g

p o i n t o f ammonium y d r o x i d e t o p a s s t h r o u g h v a l v e 1 8 a n d

t h i s b e g i n s d e c r e a s i n g t h e vacuum o a b o v e — 0 . 5 p s i g , r e s u l t

i n g i n a c t i v a t i o n o f t r a n s f e r pump 2 2 .

[ 0 0 2 4 ] T h i s c y c l e c o n t i n u e s u n t i l t h e p o i n t W h e r e t h e l e v e lof Water an d u t r i e n t s 11 r e a c h e s t h e s e t p o i n t l e v e l a s mea

s u r e d by l e v e l s e n s o r 38 n s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k 2 0 . Th e

l e v e l s e n s o r 38 p r o v i d e s an o u t p u t 41 t o a second c o n t r o l l e r

4 0 . Second c o n t r o l l e r 40 c o n t r o l s a r e c i r c u l a t i o n pump 4 2 .

The c o n t r o l l e r 4 0 a c t i v a t e s r e c i r c u l a t i o n pump 4 2 r e d u c i n g

t h e l e v e l o f c o n t e n t s i n s e c o n d t a n k 20 v i a o u t p u t 4 3 . The

p r o c e s s o f r e d u c i n g t h e l e v e l i n t a n k 20 a l s o c a u s e s a r e d u c

t i o n i n vacuum of second tank 20 t h a t p r e s s u r e s e n s o r 34

r e g i s t e r s s e n d i n g a s i g n a l t o c o n t r o l l e r 2 4 v i a o u t p u t 3 7 t h a t

a g a i n c a u s e s t h e a c t i v a t i o n o f a l v e 1 8 and r a n s f e r pump 2 .

T h i s p r o v i d e s a means of q u a l i Z i n g t h e vacuum n t h e second

t a n k 2 0 and o l d s i t a t t h e s e t p o i n t t h a t i s d e s i r e d .

[ 0 0 2 5 ] T o f o r m v e r y p u r e a n h y d r o u s ammonia may e q u i r e

some o s t p r o c e s s i n g s t e p s b u t t h e f o r m e d p r o d u c t s h o u l d b e

r e l a t i v e l y h i g h i n ammonia o f a r o u n d 8 0 % . S t o r a g e 4 4 i s

p r o v i d e d f o r c o l l e c t i n g t h e ammonia r o d u c t . I t i s s t o r e d a s a

p r o d u c t f o r s a l e . The l i q u i d c o n t e n t s o f s e c o n d t a n k 20 a r e

noW s u f ? c i e n t l y r e d u c e d i n n i t r o g e n c o n t e n t b y t h e r e m o v a l

o f t h e ?xed ammonia and i s t r a n s f e r r e d back t o t h e ? r s t

n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k 1 2 a n d r e p e a t s t h e p r o c e s s .

[ 0 0 2 6 ] I n a n o t h e r e m b o d i m e n t , a d i g e s t e r c a n b e p r o v i d e d

f o r c l e a n i n g up h e l i q u i d c o n t e n t s o f s e c o n d t a n k 2 0 b e f o r e i t s

8/22/2019 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR producing amonia and nitrogen fertilizer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/method-and-apparatus-for-producing-amonia-and-nitrogen-fertilizer 7/9

US 013/0095468 A 1

r e t u r n t o t h e ? r s t t a n k 1 2 . Th e d i g e s t e r c l e a n s t h e W a t e r and

removes any s m a l l amounts o f b a c t e r i a b o d i e s and i t r o g e n

t h a t may have been c o n v e r t e d i n t o b a c t e r i a b i o m a s s . A n a l

? l t r a t i o n o f t h e l i q u i d c o n t e n t s o f s e c o n d t a n k 20 u s i n g a

membrane may a l s o b e u s e d . A l t e r n a t i v e l y , t h e l i q u i d c o nt e n t s of second t a n k 20 c o u l d be c o n c e n t r a t e d W i t h o t h e r

m i n e r a l s t h a t can a l s o be used a s a f e r t i l i z e r p r o d u c t .

[ 0 0 2 7 ] F I G . 3 i s a s c h e m a t i c diagram of f u r t h e r embodi

ment f t h e ammonia n d n i t r o g e n e r t i l i z e r p r o d u c i n g a p p a

r a t u s and r o c e s s 1 0 0 o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n . Th e p p a r a t u s

a n d p r o c e s s 1 0 0 i n c l u d e s m i n e r a l p r o c e s s i n g t a n k s 1 0 2 , 1 0 4 ,

1 0 6 , a n d 1 0 8 . T a n k 1 0 2 i s ? l l e d W i t h a p a t i t e r o c k , a n d p r i m a

r i l y s u p p l i e s p h o s p h o r o u s t o a n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k 1 1 0 . T a n k

1 0 4 s ? l l e d W i t h g r o u n d r a n i t e r o c k , a n d p r i m a r i l y s u p p l i e sm a g n e s i u m a n d p o t a s s i u m t o t h e n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k 1 1 0 .

T a n k 1 0 6 i s ? l l e d W i t h l i m e s t o n e , a n d p r i m a r i l y s u p p l i e s

c a l c i u m t o t h e n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k 1 1 . Tank 0 8 i s ? l l e d W i t h

i r o n - c e m e n t e d s a n d s t o n e o r o t h e r i r o n r i c h o r e , and r i m a r i l y

s u p p l i e s i r o n t o t h e n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k 1 1 0 . The t a n k s 1 0 2

t h r o u g h 1 0 8 a r e p r e f e r a b l y ? l l e d W i t h t h e i r m i n e r a l s from h et o p . The t a n k s s u p p l y t h e n e c e s s a r y m i n e r a l s i n a s o l u t i o n to

t h e n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k 1 1 0 .

[ 0 0 2 8 ] T a n k s 1 0 2 t h r o u g h 1 0 8 e a c h c o n t a i n n i t r i c a c i d a n d

c a r b o n i c a c i d from a g e n e r a t o r e x h a u s t s c r u b b e r , to be

d e s c r i b e d b e l o W . The a c i d s a r e p r e f e r a b l y pumped from t h e

bottom o t h e t o p o f t h e t a n k s The u t p u t from h e t a n k s 102

t h r o u g h 1 0 8 i s d i r e c t e d t o t h e n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k 1 1 0 b y

a p p r o p r i a t e p i p i n g a n d p u m p s .

[ 0 0 2 9 ] The n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k 1 1 0 i n c l u d e s a s e l e c t e d

g r o W t h m e d i a f o r g r o W t h o f n i t r o g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a . P r e

f e r r e d g r o W t h m e d i a i n c l u d e h i g h d e n s i t y p o l y e t h y l e n e

(HDPE) a n d q u a r t z i t e ? l t e r s a n d . The HDPE e d i a i s a d v a n

t a g e o u s Where t i s d e s i r a b l e t o p r o d u c e a n d c o l l e c t t h e n i t r o

g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a . Such a c t e r i a d o n o t r e a d i l y a f ? x them

s e l v e s t o t h e HDPE e d i a , and can be c o l l e c t e d u s i n g as e t t l i n g t a n k and b a c k ? u s h i n g m i c r o n s c r e e n s . A a r b o n

s o u r c e t a n k 112 c o n t a i n s a s i m p l e s u g a r such a s g l u c o s e ,

W h i c h p r o v i d e s a s i m p l e c a r b o n compound o r t h e n i t r o g e n

? x i n g b a c t e r i a t o u s e f o r g r o W t h a n d d e v e l o p m e n t .

[ 0 0 3 0 ] I n a n embodiment, t h e n u t r i e n t c o n c e n t r a t i o n

r e q u i r e m e n t s o b t a i n e d f r o m t a n k s 1 0 2 t h r o u g h 1 0 8 a n d 1 1 2

f o r t h e n i t r o g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a i n t a n k 1 1 0 a r e : 0. 5 g r a m s / l i t e r

m a g n e s i u m s u l f a t e , 0 . 2 5 g r a m s / l i t e r d i p o t a s s i u m p h o s p h a t e ,0 . 2 5 g r a m s / l i t e r m o n o p o t a s s i u m p h o s p h a t e , 0 . 5 g r a m s / l i t e rc a l c i u m c h l o r i d e , 0 . 5 g r a m s / l i t e r i r o n ( I I I ) c h l o r i d e , a n d 0 . 2grams p e r l i t e r g l u c o s e. I n a d d i t i o n , a t l e a s t one o f t h e mi n

e r a l s Would need t o c o n t a i n a s u l f a t e . T h u s , i r o n s u l f a t e o r e

c o u l d b e u s e d r a t h e r t h a n s a n d s t o n e i n t a n k 1 0 8 . S u l f u r i s

e s s e n t i a l l y u b i q u i t o u s , and most o r e s Would c o n t a i n a s a t i s

f a c t o r y a m o u n t o f s u l f u r . L i k e W i s e , a l m o s t a n y s e d i m e n t a r yr o c k Would o n t a i n a d e q u a t e amounts o f c h l o r i d e .

[ 0 0 3 1 ] A e t t l i n g t a n k 1 1 4 r e c e i v e s W a t e r c o n t a i n i n g

ammonia a n d f r e e l i v i n g n i t r o g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a f r o m t h e

n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k 1 1 0 . S e t t l i n g t a n k 1 1 4 s e p a r a t e s t h e b a c

t e r i a and o t h e r s o l i d s from t h e W a t e r c o n t a i n i n g ammonia.

The b a c t e r i a s e t t l i n g t y p i c a l l y b e g i n s t o o c c u r W i t h i n 6 0 to

1 8 0 s e c o n d s o n c e i n t h e s e t t l i n g t a n k 114.Any o l i d s from h e

s e t t l i n g t a n k 114 a r e d i r e c t e d toWard g a s i ? e r 1 1 6 . Th e a t e r

c o n t a i n i n g ammonia from h e s e t t l i n g t a n k 1 1 4 a r e d i r e c t e d to

a ? r s t micron screen 1 1 8 . Th e ? r s t micron screen 118 i s

p r e f e r a b l y c a p a b l e o f b a c k ? u s h i n g f o r c l e a n i n g a n d o r c o ll e c t i n g a n y r e m a i n i n g n i t r o g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a i n th e W a t e r .S o l i d s from t h e ? r s t micron s c r e e n 118 a r e a l s o d i r e c t e d

A p r . 1 8 , 2 0 1 3

toWard t h e g a s i ? e r 1 1 6 . Water fr om t h e ? r s t micron s c r e e n

118 s t r a n s f e r r e d t o a g a s- l i q u i d s e p a r a t o r 1 2 0 .

[ 0 0 3 2 ] T h e g a s - l i q u i d s e p a r a t o r 1 2 0 s e p a r a t e s t h e d i s s o l v e d

ammonia from t h e W a t e r c o n t a i n i n g ammonia. Th e W a t e r

c o n t a i n i n g ammonia s h e a t e d t o a b o v e t h e b o i l i n g p o i n t o fa m m o n i a , a p p r o x i m a t e l y 9 7 d e g r e e s F a h r e n h e i t , W h i l e l o W

e r i n g t h e p r e s s u r e above h e W a t e r to a n e g a t i v e p r e s s u r e . Th e

r e s u l t i n g ammonia vapor s c o l l e c t e d i n a g a s p r o c e s s o r 1 2 2 .

Th e e m a i n i n g W a t e r afte r t h e ammonia s e x t r a c t e d i s t r a n s

f e r r e d t o an a e r o b i c d i g e s t e r 12 4 f o r c l e a n i n g and e u s e .

[ 0 0 3 3 ] T h e a e r o b i c d i g e s t e r 1 2 4 d i g e s t s r e s i d u a l o r g a n i c

c o m p o n e n t s i n t h e W a t e r . The r g a n i c c o m p o n e n t s e s u l t f r o m

n i t r o g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a g r o W t h . T h e o r g a n i c c o m p o n e n t s a r eunWanted b y p r o d u c t s a s t h e i r d e v e l o p m e n t may s h u t doWn

t h e enzyme s y s t e m t h a t a l l o W s f o r n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n . W a t e r

from t h e d i g e s t e r 124 s d i r e c t e d t o a second micron s c r e e n

1 2 6 .

[ 0 0 3 4 ] Th e second micron c r e e n 126 l e a n s Water rom h e

d i g e s t e r 124 t o remove any a c t e r i a t h a t may have groWn n

t h e a e r o b i c d i g e s t e r 1 2 4 . S o l i d s c o l l e c t e d by t h e s e c o n d

micron c r e e n 12 6 a r e d i r e c t e d toWard h e g a s i ? e r 1 1 6 . Water

p a s s i n g t h r o u g h t h e second micron c r e e n 126 s d i r e c t e d t o a

membrane l t e r 1 2 8 .

[ 0 0 3 5 ] The membrane l t e r 1 2 8 i s t h e ? n a l c l e a n i n g f o r t h e

W a t e r b e f o r e t i s r e - u s e d . A ny i n e r a l s l e f t i n t h e W a t e r t o t h i s

p o i n t a r e c o l l e c t e d i n t h e back ?ush o f t h e membrane ? l t e r

128 and d i r e c t e d t o t h e g a s i ? e r 1 1 6 . Water s d i r e c t e d t o a

s c r u b b e r 1 3 0 .

[ 0 0 3 6 ] Gas p r o c e s s o r 1 2 2 c r y o g e n i c a l l y u n d e r medium oh i g h p r e s s u r e c o n d e n s e s t h e ammonia r o m g a s i ? e r 1 1 6 . The

c o n d e n s e d ammonia i s t h e n d i r e c t e d t o ammonia p r o d u c t

s t o r a g e 13 4 and methane s d i r e c t e d to a g e n e r a t o r 1 3 6 . Th e

g e n e r a t o r 136 can be used to g e n e r a t e e l e c t r i c poWer t o run

pumps and o t h e r d e v i c e s used t o d r i v e and to c o n t r o l t h e

p r o c e s s b e i n g d e s c r i b e d . Ammonia r o m t h e g as - l i q u i d s e p a

r a t o r 12 0 i s a l s o s e p a r a t e d and s e n t t o s t o r a g e i n t h e g a s

p r o c e s s o r 1 2 2 .

[ 0 0 3 7 ] C a r b o n d i o x i d e a n d n i t r o u s o x i d e s p r o d u c e d f r o m

t h e e x h a u s t of e n e r a t o r 13 6 a r e s c r u b b e d from t h e e x h a u s t .

Th e carbon d i o x i d e s an d n i t r o u s o x i d e s form a Weak a c i d

composed o f c a r b o n i c and n i t r i c a c i d s . These a c i d s a r e

d i r e c t e d back t o m i n e r a l t a n k s 10 2 t h r o u g h 108 and t h e c a r

bo n o u r c e t a n k 112 o p r o d u c e t h e l i q u i d n u t r i e n ts t o f e e d t h e

n i t r o g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a .

[ 0 0 3 8 ] The a s i ? e r 1 1 6 r e c e i v e s a l l s o l i d s f r o m t h e s e t t l i n gt a n k 1 1 4 , t h e ? r s t micron s c r e e n 1 1 8, t h e s e c o n d micron

s c r e e n 1 2 6 , and h e l i q u i d m i n e r a l s from h e membrane l t e r

1 2 8 . I n a n o t h e r e m b o d i m e n t , t h e l i q u i d m i n e r a l s f r o m t h e

membrane ? l t e r 1 2 8 may b e k e p t s e p a r a t e from t h e s o l i d s .These m a t e r i a l s become l e n d e d i n t h e g a s i ? e r 116 and a r e

h e a t e d t o a p p r o x i m a t e l y 1 , 0 0 0 d e g r e e s F a h r e n h e i t , c o n v e r t

i n g them n t o a h i g h c a r b o n s o l i d f e r t i l i z e r r i c h i n n i t r o g e n ,

p o t a s s i u m , a n d p h o s p h o r u s . D r y f e r t i l i z e r s t o r a g e 1 3 8

r e c e i v e s p r o c e s s e d m a t e r i a l f r o m t h e g a s i ? e r 1 1 6 fo r s t o r a g e .

[ 0 0 3 9 ] W h i l e t h e p r e s en t i n v e n t i o n h a s b e e n d e s c r i b e d W i t h

r e s p e c t to ammonia p r o d u c t i o n , i t may a l s o be u s e d to p r o

d u c e s t a n d a l o n e f e r t i l i z e r s and u t r i e n t s s u c h a s p o t a s s i u m

c a r b o n a t e a n d mono-ammonium p h o s p h a t e . O t h e r n u t r i e n t

f e r t i l i z e r / o i l c o n d i t i o n e r s r i c h i n c a l c i u m a n d / r magnesium

may l s o b e p r o d u c e d u s i n g t h e a p p r o p r i a t e g r o W t h m e d i u m .

[ 0 0 4 0 ] W h i l e t h e s p e c i ? c e m b o d i m e n t s h a v e b e e n i l l u s

t r a t e d an d d e s c r i b e d , numerous modi?cations come o mind

8/22/2019 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR producing amonia and nitrogen fertilizer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/method-and-apparatus-for-producing-amonia-and-nitrogen-fertilizer 8/9

US 013/0095468 A 1

W i t h o u t s i g n i ? c a n t l y d e p a r t i n g f r o m t h e s p i r i t o f t h e i n v e n

t i o n , a n d t h e s c o p e o f p r o t e c t i o n i s o n l y l i m i t e d b y t h e s c o p e

o f t h e a c c o m p a n y i n g C l a i m s .

What s c l a i m e d i s :

1 . A n p p a r a t u s f o r p r o d u c i n g ammonia o m p r i s i n g :a ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k open o t h e a m b i e n t a i r ;

a g r o W t h medium i t h i n t h e ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k f o r

p r o d u c i n g ammonium y d r o x i d e f r o m a c o m b i n a t i o n o f

a m b i e n t i r , W ate r , a n d s e l e c t e d n u t r i e n t s ;n i t r o g e n - ? x i n g b a c t e r i a c o n t a i n e d W i t h i n t h e ? r s t n i t r o g e n

? x a t i o n t a n k ; a n d

a s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k doWnstream from h e ? r s t n i t r o

g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k t o v a p o r i Z e t h e ammonium y d r o x i d e

t o form a n h y d r o u s ammonia.

2 . The a p p a r a t u s o f c l a i m 1 f u r t h e r c o m p r i s i n g :

a vacuum pump f o r m a i n t a i n i n g n e g a t i v e p r e s s u r e i n t h e

s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k a n d e v a c u a t i n g a n h y d r o u s

ammonia f r o m t h e s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k f o r s t o r a g e ;

a h e a t e r f o r h e a t i n g t h e W a t e r , n u t r i e n t s and ammonium

h y d r o x i d e f r o m th e? r s t

n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o nt a n k ;a p r e s s u r e s e n s o r f o r measuring p r e s s u r e i n t h e second

e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k ;a c o n t r o l l e r f or c o n t r o l l i n g t h e vacuum pump e s p o n s i v e t o

a s e l e c t e d p r e s s u r e measured by h e p r e s s u r e s e n s o r , t h e

c o n t r o l l e r c on t r o l l i n g t h e t r a n s f e r pump e s p o n s i v e to a

s e l e c t e d p r e s s u r e measured by t h e p r e s s u r e s e n s o r , and

s i m u l t a n e o u s l y c o n t r o l l i n g t h e t r a n s f e r v a l v e ;a t h e r m o c o u p l e f o r m e a s u r i n g t h e t e m p e r a t u r e doWn

s t r e a m o f t h e h e a t e r ;

a h e a t e r c o n t r o l l e r fo r c o n t r o l l i n g t h e h e a t e r r e s p o n s i v e to

a s e l e c t e d t e m p e r a t u r e m e a s u r e d b y t h e t h e r m o c o u p l e ;

a l e v e l s e n s o r f o r measuring a l i q u i d l e v e l i n t h e second

e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k ; a n d

a s e c o n d c o n t r o l l e r f o r c o n t r o l l i n g t h e r e c i r c u l a t i o n pump

r e s p o n s i v e t o a s e l e c t e d l i q u i d l e v e l m e a s u r e d by t h e

l e v e l s e n s o r .

3 . The a p p a r a t u s o f c l a i m 1 W h e r e i n t h e g r o W t h medium s

s e l e c t e d f r o m t h e g r o u p c o n s i s t i n g o f s i l i c a s a n d , q u a r t z i t es a n d , a n d p l a s t i c .

4 . The a p p a r a t u s o f c l a i m 1 W h e r e i n t h e s e l e c t e d n u t r i e n t s

i n c l u d e a t l e a s t on e u t r i e n t s e l e c t e d from h e group c o n s i s t

i n g o f m a g n e s i u m s u l f a t e , d i p o t a s s i u m p h o s p h a t e , m o n o p ot a s s i u m p h o s p h a t e , c a l c i u m c h l o r i d e , i r o n ( I l l ) c h l o r i d e , a n d

g l u c o s e .5 . The a p p a r a t u s o f c l a i m 1 W h e r e i n t h e n i t r o g e n - ? x i n g

b a c t e r i a i n c l u d e a t l e a s t one a c t e r i a s e l e c t e d from h e group

c o n s i s t i n g o f z o l o b a c l e r , B e i j e r i n c k i a , a n d A z o s p i r r i l l i u m ,a n d C l o s l r i d i u m p a s l e u r i a n u m .

6 . The a p p a r a t u s o f c l a i m 2 W h e r e i n t h e h e a t e r h e a t s t h e

W a t e r , n u t r i e n t s a n d ammonium h y d r o x i d e f r o m t h e ? r s t

n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k t o a t e m p e r a t u r e o f a p p r o x i m a t e l y t h e

b o i l i n g p o i n t o f ammonium y d r o x i d e .

7 . Th e a p p a r a t u s of l a i m 1 Wherein h e ammonia concen

t r a t i o n i n t h e a n h y d r o u s ammonia s a p p r o x i m a t e l y 8 0 % .

8 . Th e a p p a r a t u s o f c l a i m 1 f u r t h e r c o m p r i s i n g a n a e r o b i c

d i g e s t e r o r r e m o v i n g b a c t e r i a f r o m t h e l i q u i d c o n t e n t s o f t h e

s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k b e f o r e r e c i r c u l a t i o n t o t h e ? r s t n i t r o

g e n ? x i n g t a n k .9 . The a p p a r a t u s o f c l a i m 2 W h e r e i n s e l e c t e d p r e s s u r e f o r

c o n t r o l l i n g t h e vacuum pump s — 0 . 5 p s i g .

1 0 . A ethod f p r o d u c i n g ammonia o m p r i s i n g t h e s t e p s

o f :

p r o v i d i n g a ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k open o t h e a m b i e n t

a i r ;

A p r . 1 8 , 2 0 1 3

p r o v i d i n g n i t r o g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a a n d a g r o W t h medium

W i t h i n t h e ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k f o r p r o d u c i n g

ammonium h y d r o x i d e from a c o m b i n a t i o n o f a m b i e n t

a i r , W ate r , a n d s e l e c t e d n u t r i e n t s ; a n d

p r o v i d i n g a s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k doWnstream f r o m t h e? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k t o v a p o r i Z e t h e ammonium

h y d r o x i d e t o f o r m a n h y d r o u s a m m o n i a .

1 1 . The method f c l a i m 1 0 f u r t h e r c o m p r i s i n g :

m a i n t a i n i n g n e g a t i v e p r e s s u r e i n t h e s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n

t a n k and e v a c u a t i n g a n h y d r o u s ammonia from t h e s e c

o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k f o r s t o r a g e ; a n d

r e c i r c u l a t i n g l i q u i d c o n t e n t s o f h e s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k

t o t h e ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k .

1 2 . The method f l a i m 1 0 W h e r e i n t h e g r o W t h medium s

s e l e c t e d f r o m t h e g r o u p c o n s i s t i n g o f s i l i c a s a n d , q u a r t z i t es a n d , a n d p l a s t i c .

1 3 . The method f c l a i m 1 0 W h e r e i n t h e s e l e c t e d n u t r i e n t s

i n c l u d e a t l e a s t on e u t r i e n t s e l e c t e d from h e group c o n s i s t

i n g o f m a g n e s i u m s u l f a t e , d i p o t a s s i u m p h o s p h a t e , m o n o p o

t a s s i u m p h o s p h a t e , c a l c i u m c h l o r i d e ,i r o n

( I l l ) c h l o r i d e , a n d

g l u c o s e .1 4 . The method o f c l a i m 1 0 W h e r e i n t h e n i t r o g e n - ? x i n g

b a c t e r i a i n c l u d e a t l e a s t one a c t e r i a s e l e c t e d from h e group

c o n s i s t i n g o f z o l o b a c l e r , B e i j e r i n c k i a , A z o s p i r r i l l i u m , a n d

C l o s l r i d i u m p a s l e u r i a n u m .

1 5 . The method of c l a i m 10 Wherein a h e a t e r h e a t s t h e

W a t e r , n u t r i e n t s a n d ammonium h y d r o x i d e f r o m t h e ? r s t

n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k t o a t e m p e r a t u r e o f a p p r o x i m a t e l y t h e

b o i l i n g p o i n t o f ammonium y d r o x i d e .

1 6 . The method f c l a i m 10 Wherein h e ammonia concen

t r a t i o n i n t h e a n h y d r o u s ammonia s a p p r o x i m a t e l y 8 0 % .

17 . The method f c l a i m 1 0 f u r t h e r c o m p r i s i n g p r o v i d i n g

a n a e r o b i c d i g e s t e r f o r r e m o v i n g b a c t e r i a f r o m t h e l i q u i d

c o n t e n t s o f t h e s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k b e f o r e r e c i r c u l a t i o n

t o t h e ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k .

18 . The method f l a i m 1 0 f u r t h e r c o m p r i s i n g t h e s t e p s o f :m e a s u r i n g p r e s s u r e i n t h e s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k ;c o n t r o l l i n g t h e t r a n s f e r o f t h e W a t e r , n u t r i e n t s and ammo

nium y d r o x i d e f r o m t h e ? r s t n i t r o g en ? x a t i o n t a n k t o

t h e s e c o n d e v a p o ra t i o n t a n k r e s p on s i v e t o a s e l e c t e d

p r e s s u r e i n t h e s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k ;m e a s u r i n g t h e t e m p e r a t u r e d o W n s t r e a m o f t h e h e a t e r ;

c o n t r o l l i n g t h e h e a t i n g o f t h e W a t e r , n u t r i e n t s a n d ammo

nium h y d r o x i d e f r o m t h e ? r s t n i t r o g e n ? x a t i o n t a n k

r e s p o n s i v e to a s e l e c t e d t e m p e r a t u r e measured doWn

s t r e a m o f t h e h e a t e r ;

m e a s u r i n g a l i q u i d l e v e l i n t h e s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k ;

and

c o n t r o l l i n g t h e r e c i r c u l a t i o n pump e s p o n s i v e to a s e l e c t e d

l i q u i d l e v e l m e a s u r e d i n t h e s e c o n d e v a p o r a t i o n t a n k .

1 9 . The method o f c l a i m 1 8 Wherein s e l e c t e d p r e s s u r e i n

t h e s e c o n d e v a p o r at i o n t a n k i s — 0 . 5 p s i g .

2 0 . A n a p p a r a t u s f o r p r o d u c i n g ammonia a n d n i t r o g e n

f e r t i l i Z e r c o m p r i s i n g :

a p l u r a l i t y o f m i n e r a l p r o c e s s i n g t a n k s , e a c h m i n e r a l p r o

c e s s i n g t a n k p r o d u c i n g a m i n e r a l s o l u t i o n ;

a carbon source t a n k ;

a n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k c o n t a i n i n g n i t r o g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i aa n d g r o W t h m e d i a f o r t h e b a c t e r i a , a n d r e c e i v i n g t h e

m i n e r a l s o l u t i o n s f r o m t h e p l u r a l i t y o f i n e r a l t a n k s a n d

c a r b o n from h e c a r b o n s o u r c e t a n k ;

a s e t t l i n g t a n k f o r r e c e i v i n g W a t e r W i t h d i s s o l v e d ammonia

f r o m t h e n i t r o g e n ? x i n g t a n k , a n d s e p a r a t i n g n i t r o g e n? x i n g b a c t e r i a a n d s o l i d s f r o m t h e W a t e r ;

8/22/2019 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR producing amonia and nitrogen fertilizer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/method-and-apparatus-for-producing-amonia-and-nitrogen-fertilizer 9/9

US 013/0095468 A 1

a ? r s t m i c r o n s c r e e n f o r c o l l e c t i n g n i t r o g e n ? x i n g b a c t e r i a

a n d s o l i d s f r o m W a t e r r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e s e t t l i n g t a n k ;

a g a s - l i q u i d s e p a r a t o r f o r s e p a r at i n g t h e d i s s o l v e d ammo

n i a f r o m W a t e r r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e s e t t l i n g t a n k ;

a membrane l t e r f o r c o l l e c t i n g r e m a i n i n g m i n e ra l s i n t h e

W a t e r ;

a n a e r o b i c d i g e s t e r f o r d i g e s t i n g r e s i d u a l o r g a n i c com

p o u n d s i n W a t e r r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e g a s - l i q u i d s e p a r a t o r ;

a second micron s c r e e n f o r removing b a c t e r i a i n Water

r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e a e r o b i c d i g e s t e r ;

A p r . 1 8 , 2 0 1 3

a g a s i ? e r o r h e a t i n g s o l i d s r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e s e t t l i n g t a n k ,t h e ? r s t and s e c o n d micron s c r e e n s , and m i n e r a l s from

t h e membrane ? l t e r s u ? i c i e n t t o c o n v e r t t h e s o l i d s and

m i n e r a l s t o s o l i d f e r t i l i z e r , t h e g a s i ? e r a l s o p r o d u c i n g a

m i x t u r e o f methane g a s and ammonia a s ;a g a s p r o c e s s o r f o r c o n d e n s i n g ammonia a s r e c e i v e d from

t h e g a s i ? e r a n d t h e g a s - l i q u i d s e p a r a t o r ;a g e n e r a t o r f o r g e n e r a t i n g e l e c t r i c poWer from methane

r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e g a s i ? e r ; a n d

a s c r u b b e r f o r s c r u b b i n g e x h a u s t g a s e s from h e g e n e r a t o r .

* * * * *