MetalsMetals

Section 20.1Section 20.1

PropertiesProperties Metals- good conductors of heat & electricity.Metals- good conductors of heat & electricity.

All but one are solid at room temperature. All but one are solid at room temperature. Lustrous- reflect light, Lustrous- reflect light, Malleable- can be hammered or rolled into sheets, Malleable- can be hammered or rolled into sheets, Ductile- can be drawn into wires Ductile- can be drawn into wires

Metals- have 1-3 valence electrons, so they Metals- have 1-3 valence electrons, so they lose electrons to become stablelose electrons to become stable

Metallic bonding- positively charged metallic Metallic bonding- positively charged metallic ions are surrounded by a cloud of electrons. ions are surrounded by a cloud of electrons. Outer electrons are not held tightly and can move Outer electrons are not held tightly and can move

among the ions- allows conduction of electricity among the ions- allows conduction of electricity

MetalsMetals

Alkali metals- softer than other metalsAlkali metals- softer than other metals Most reactive metals- react violently with Most reactive metals- react violently with

oxygen and water and do not occur in oxygen and water and do not occur in nature as pure elements nature as pure elements

Group 2 metals- Alkaline earth metalsGroup 2 metals- Alkaline earth metals Transition elements- Groups 13-18, Transition elements- Groups 13-18,

metals, often form colored compounds metals, often form colored compounds Gold- unreactive and soft- easily Gold- unreactive and soft- easily

shapedshaped Zinc- used as a coating because it Zinc- used as a coating because it

combines with the air for form a combines with the air for form a protective coating of zinc oxideprotective coating of zinc oxide

MetalsMetals

Lanthanides are elements after lanthanum Lanthanides are elements after lanthanum and many are used to produce colors on our and many are used to produce colors on our TV screens TV screens

Actinides- follow actinium. All are radioactive Actinides- follow actinium. All are radioactive and unstable, so they are difficult to research and unstable, so they are difficult to research

Ore is a metal compound (mineral) within a Ore is a metal compound (mineral) within a mixture of clay or rock. mixture of clay or rock. Mineral is converted to another form through heat. Mineral is converted to another form through heat. Metal is then refined into a pure form through Metal is then refined into a pure form through

chemical reactions chemical reactions

MetalsMetals

Elements beyond Uranium are Elements beyond Uranium are radioactive- radioactive- As # of protons increases, the repulsive As # of protons increases, the repulsive

force within the nucleus also increases- force within the nucleus also increases- forces the atom to break apart. forces the atom to break apart.

(Radioactive substances are substances (Radioactive substances are substances in which the nucleus breaks down and in which the nucleus breaks down and gives off particles and energy )gives off particles and energy )