‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

Metallurgical and Materials Engineeringof COPPE/UFRJ:

from 1967 to Biomaterials

Gloria de Almeida Soares

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

• Teaching (undergraduate and graduate levels)

• M.Sc. and Ph.D. Projects

• Cooperative Research and Exchange

• Technological Projects, Evaluations and Consulting Services

Academic Staff: 31Technical & Administration Staff: 27

Metallurgical and Materials Department

2001-2003: ≈ US$ 4 million

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

Research Facilities ≈ 2,500 m2

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

ACADEMIC RESULTS

Graduates degrees more than 600 (up to dec. 2003)

PERIOD M.Sc. Ph.D. TOTAL

1967-1997 363 52 415

1998-2000 79 30 109

2001-2003 73 40 113

TOTAL 515 122 637

Undergraduate: more than 600 (Metal. & Materials)

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

Research Groups:

• Mineral Processing and Extractive metallurgy• Thermomechanical processing and microstructural eng.

• Physical metallurgy and mechanical properties• Welding and non-destructive testing

• Corrosion• Surfaces and thin films

• Advanced ceramics• Biomaterials

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

BIOMATERIALS:

Start: 1995

Academic results: 24 M.Sc and 6 D.Sc.

Research Themes:• Materials for bone-substitution: Development of porous and granular hydroxyapatite -based materials. Hydroxyapatite-based composites.

• Materials for implants: surface treatments on titanium and titanium alloys. Bioactive coatings.• Correlation between properties and microstructure on dental ceramics.• Corrosion of metallic alloys.• Polymer and Composites for Restorative Function.• Failure analysis on dental restoration

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

characterization of commercial CaP granules

Materials for bone-substitution:

Calcium Phosphate (CaP) Materials

Bone graft

Scaffold for cell therapy

Carriers for drug delivery

multiphase, micro ormacroporous granules or tablets

hydroxyapatite-collagen composites

Zn-containing hydroxyapatite

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

1. Commercial granules

Conz, M.B., 2003

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

2. CaP porous tablets

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

>40030 0-400200-300100-200<100

PO

RE

DIS

TR

IBU

TIO

N (

%)

(mea

sure

d by

imag

e an

alys

is)

RAN G E O F P O RE S IZE (µm)

20 wt.% naphthalene 40 wt.% naphthalene

SEM

Oliveira, J.F., 2003

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

3. HA-collagen composites

Sena, L.A., 200418 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

Inte

nsity

(cps

)

2θ

L002 = 17 nm

L300 = 7 nm

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

4. Zn-apatites calcinated at 1150°C

20 30 40 50

Znhap 20%ZnTCPHap

Znhap 10%

Znhap 5%

Hap

2θ

1200 1000 800 600

945920

965977

1009102910651122

597555

923942

963

10291045

10201088

573601

631

631

600 571

553

961

10451089

571600631961

10451089

número de onda (cm-1)

Hap calc. ZnHap 5% calc. ZnHap 10% calc. ZnHap 20% calc.

5%Zn - calc

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

0

10

20

30

40

[Zn]

x 1

0-5

Dias

Zn -ZnHap5c. Tris Zn -ZnHap5c. Hepes

Costa, A.M., 2004

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

SAMPLE COMPOSITION

CDb 59.8 HA – 40.2 α-TCP

Eb 95.4 HA – 4.6 α-TCP

5. Cell culture on HA/α-TCP tablets

0

40

80

120

160

200

240

280

320

14D7D4D2D1D4h

b

Cel

lula

r den

sity

(cel

ls m

m-2)

Time in culture (days)

CDb Eb

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

BONE FORMATION

Depends on:

Surface Energy Surface Composition

Topography

Materials for implants:

Titanium and Ti-alloys

Jones, J., 2001

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

1. Surface Treatment on cp Titanium

-538 -537 -536 -535 -534 -533 -532 -531 -530 -529 -528 -527 -526

Ti-acid + oxide2

Ti-acid + oxide1

Ti-acid

Ti

BINDING ENERGY (eV)

INT

EN

SIT

Y

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

721

CA

LCIU

M C

ON

TEN

T IN

TO S

BF

(mg/

L)

SOAKING TIME (days)

Ti-control

Ti-etched

Ti-etched + oxide 1

Ti-etched + oxide 2

Vanzillotta, P.S., 2003

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

2.Anodic oxidation with H3PO4

50V 100V

150V 200V

Santos Jr., E., 2004

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

3 BEST THREADSALL THREADS

% C

ON

TA

CT

BO

NE

-IM

PLA

NT

c.p.Ti HA-coated Ti

3. Ti Implants coated with HA by

Electrophoresis

BSE image

Costa, C.A., 2002

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

Support

Collaboration

‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’

The future for biomaterials lies not in individual product areas, but in creating a marriage between materials science

and biotechnology.

http://www.ecf.utoronto.ca/~bonehead/

Thank you!