Mesopotamia Vocabulary. FERTILE CRESCENT Land surrounding the Tigris, Euphrates and Nile Rivers.
Mesopotamia “The Land between Two Rivers” Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
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Transcript of Mesopotamia “The Land between Two Rivers” Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
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MesopotamiaMesopotamia“The Land between Two Rivers”“The Land between Two Rivers”
Tigris and Euphrates RiversTigris and Euphrates Rivers
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River CivilizationRiver Civilization With your elbow partner discuss: Why would people group up and settle near
rivers? what challenges might they face?________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________
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MesopotamiaMesopotamia “land between two rivers” - the Tigris
and Euphrates the Fertile Crescent - area of rich soil in
the Middle East where the agricultural revolution took place
Tigris and Euphrates had unpredictable flooding
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cultural diffusioncultural diffusion
process of a new idea or a product spreading from one culture to another culture as trade began to develop from one city-state to another
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city-state vs. empirecity-state vs. empire city and all its surrounding lands
that function as an independent political unit
City-states evolved into empires Empire- controlled by a single
ruler aka a monarchy
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Contributions of Contributions of Mesopotamian Mesopotamian
CulturesCultures
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Major Groups in Major Groups in MesopotamiaMesopotamia
Sumerians Babylonians Chaldeans Assyrians Persians
Hebrews Phoenicians
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Sumerians TechnologySumerians Technology arch, wheel, plow, & sail astronomy & fortune telling number system - 6’s & 12’s concept of city-state Ziggurat – Temple “Mountain of God”
Cuneiform – Form of writing using stylus and wet clay tablet
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BabyloniansBabyloniansHammurabi’s Law Code–1st written code of laws
imperial governmentfirst to build Babylon
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HittitesHittites Iron, chariots, hunters.
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PhoeniciansPhoenicians alphabet & writing with phonetic symbols
commerce & shipbuilding, sailing, trade (trade =$$)
dyes and other products–murex
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PhoeniciansPhoenicians In early civilization, explain how
creating a universal phonetic symbols or the alphabet was a helpful tool?
Explain how being an experienced sailor was beneficial in a rising economy for the Phoenicians?
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HebrewsHebrews (Israelites, Jews)(Israelites, Jews)
Monotheism – One GodTorah--Old Testamentconcept of human dignity
Judaism
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AssyriansAssyrians warfare: weapons, armor,
cavalry, tactics, catapult and other siege tools
postal service some roads built city of Ninevah improved writing
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Assyrian TreasuresAssyrian Treasures
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The Bronze AgeThe Bronze Age time when a people use bronze (mix
tin and copper) rather than stone, bone, or copper
begins in 2500 BCE in Mesopotamia
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polytheism monotheismpolytheism monotheism a belief in
many gods
a belief in one god
(originated with the Hebrews – Judaism)
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EARLY LAW EARLY LAW CODESCODES
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Think - Pair - ShareThink - Pair - Share
What governmental systems were established in early civilizations and why?
What legal ideas can be traced to ancient civilizations?
How were religious philosophies integrated into these ancient systems?
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HAMMURABI’S HAMMURABI’S CODE OF LAWSCODE OF LAWS
first set of written/codified laws (282)
– In cuneiform deal with what Mesopotamians value: family relations,
crime, and property issues follow “eye for an eye” philosophy
Emphasizes government responsibility for society This document made the laws more consistent and
predictable.
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LAW OF MOSESLAW OF MOSES Includes Ten Commandments
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LAW OF MOSES cont.LAW OF MOSES cont. Transcribed by Moses on Mt. Sinai Sometimes resembles “eye for an
eye” strict justice softened by expressions
of God’s mercy Goal: moral life in accordance with
God’s laws