MESA-ESS Technical Work Group Webinarmesastandards.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/15_04_15... ·...

MESA-ESS Technical Work Group Webinar

April 15, 2015

Agenda

• Organizational Overview

• Coordination and Collaboration with Other Distributed Energy Resources (DER) Communication Efforts

• MESA-ESS Technical Working Group

• Getting Involved

• Q&A

2

MESA Members

3

MESA Standards – Importance of Standards-Based Control Systems

• Standards-based communications lowers integration costs

• Minimal NRE encourages rapid propagation in a service area

• Modularity allows for component replacement as technology advances

• Compatible products can be extensively tested prior to installation

• Easier to support and maintain in the field

4

Xanthus Consulting International

Frances Cleveland

[email protected]

Coordination and Collaboration with Other Distributed Energy Resources

(DER) Communication Efforts

April 15, 2015


Topics

• Ongoing California Efforts impacting the development of MESA Standards

• Existing Communication Standards

– IEC 61850 for DER

– IEEE 1815 DNP3

6


Impact (Positive and Negative) of DER on Distribution Operations

• Renewable energy portfolios (RPS), as well as customer interests in reducing energy costs, are incentivizing additional renewable energy, often at the distribution level

• DER systems in low penetrations are just negative load

• However, DER systems at higher penetrations can impact distribution operations both negatively and positively

• “Smart” DER technologies and grid modernization equipment are changing the nature of distribution planning and operations

• In particular, energy storage, when flexible in capabilities and coordinated with generation resources, can significantly benefit power system operations

“In the near future, utilities may no longer just supply electricity to

customers, but may have to plan for, coordinate, and manage the

flow of energy to, from, and between customers.”

7


Ongoing California Efforts Impacting the Development of MESA Standards

• California Energy Storage Goals, October 16, 2014 (D. 14-10-045) - Mandates 1,325 MW of energy storage procurement

for California IOUs • Development of California IOUs’ Distribution Resource

Plans (DRP) - DRPs will take into account DERs and particularly energy

storage as part of future planning - Communications for operation of these planned storage

installations will be critical • Smart Inverter Working Group (SIWG)

- Developing the default DER functionality requirements and establish an implementation plan for California

8


Evolution of DRP Optimal Location Benefits Analysis N

o. o

f B

en

efit

Cat

ego

rie

s &

So

ph

isti

cati

on

of

An

alys

is

• What are the immediate benefit categories that can reasonably be evaluated within the next 3 months for the first DRP (July 1, 2015)?

• What are the next logical set (incl. data and tools needed) for system-wide DRPs?

• Vital to establish the communications to DER and ESS to allow evaluations.

Walk

Jog

Run

2015-1H 2016 2H 2016-2019 2020+

Visibility & Initial DPA Locational Benefits

System-wide DRP including LTPP

& TPP locational benefits

System-wide DRPs incl.

Locational Societal Benefits


California’s Smart Inverter Working Group (SIWG)

• California (CEC and CPUC) did not want to repeat the European scenario and initiated the Smart Inverter Working Group (SIWG)

• The SIWG was convened in January 2013 to:

– Develop the default DER functionality requirements and establish an implementation plan for California

– Update California’s Rule 21 on DER interconnection requirements

• The SIWG currently has over 250 participants from all major stakeholder groups, including utilities, DER manufacturers, integrators, customer groups, investors, and interested parties

– After being hesitant during the first month of weekly calls, all stakeholders recognized the potential benefits of “smart inverters” and eagerly joined in the technical discussions

– California’s three IOUs have taken the lead in defining their requirements, while the DER manufacturers have determined what their products and technologies can achieve

– Typical discussions are: “Should the timing be .2 or .3 seconds?”

10


SIWG Results to Date and Implications for MESA’s Efforts

• The SIWG developed a phased approach of recommendations to the CPUC:

– Phase 1: Seven (7) critical autonomous functions – approved by CPUC in December 2014 and mandatory by mid 2016

– Phase 2: Communications capabilities for monitoring, updating settings, and control – submitted to the CPUC in late February, 2015

– Phase 3: Additional DER functions – currently being discussed – open to all who want to address these technical DER capabilities

• Opportunity for MESA to collaborate and coordinate on this work

• SIWG members now participating in a survey on the importance of about 40+ DER functions and use cases

11


Intersection of SIWG Phase 2 and MESA Efforts

Communications between utilities and other entities (red lightening bolts):

• (1) Utilities and individual DER Systems – MESA focus

• (2) Utilities and Facility DER Energy Management Systems

• (3) Utilities and Aggregators

13


SIWG Efforts Spawned Updates to Standards

This California SIWG process and other initiatives have triggered related efforts to update standards:

– UL 1741, required for safety of DER installations, is developing a supplement to provide testing and certification for these functions, and is almost ready for ballot.

– IEEE 1547, which is used by most jurisdictions as the standard for DER interconnection requirements, was amended as IEEE 1547a to permit these functions. IEEE 1547 is now being completely revised to cover these and a number of other functions.

– IEC 61850 Information Model is being updated to include new objects for new DER functions.

– IEEE 2030.5 (Smart Energy Profile 2) communication protocol is being expanded.

– IEEE 1815 (DNP3) SCADA protocol is adding Profiles for DER.

14


IEC 61850 as UML-based Abstract Information Model

• IEC 61850 is now modelled in UML (Unified Modeling Language)

• UML model allows extractions of different formats, such as MMS

(current standard) or XML/XER XSDs (Internet standard)

• IEC 61850 UML model provides a single standard source of data

objects, thus minimizing the risk of inconsistencies in implementations

• Data objects can be used over different service and transport protocols,

including XMPP (planned 61850-8-2 standard)


IEC 61850-7-420 and 61850-90-7 - Volt-Var Curves: Basic Curve and with Hysteresis

• IEC 61850 modeling structures:

• IEC 61850 provides well-known names and structures of data objects: – V = voltage

– VRef = reference voltage

– VArAval = available vars

– WMax = maximum watts

– PF = power factor

VA

Rs G

en

era

ted

System Voltage

P4 (97 %VRef,

Q = 50%WMax)

Voltage-Rising

Voltage-Falling

Underexcited

Overexcited

P2 (103%VRef,

Q = -50%WMax)

P3 (101%VRef,

Q = -50%WMax)

P1 (99%VRef,

Q = 50%WMax)

Example Settings with

Use of Hysteresis

VA

Rs G

en

era

ted

System Voltage

Voltage-Rising/FallingP1 (V = 97 %VRef, Q = 50 % VArAval)

P2 (V = 99 %VRef, Q = 0 % VArAval)

P3 (V = 101 % VRef, Q = 0 % VArAval)

P4 (V = 103 % VRef, Q = –50 % VArAval)

Example settings for

providing % of available vars

Inductive/

Underexcited

Capacitive/

Overexcited

Logical Nodes

Common Data Class

Common Components

Standard Data Types

Logical Nodes (LN)

Common Data Classes (CDC)

Common Attributes

Logical Devices (LD)

Data Objects (DO)

17


IEC 61850-90-10: Scheduling

• Schedules:

– Time-based schedules for activating a function or initiating specific modes

• From 6:00 am to 12:00 pm, turn on and use mode 3

• From 12:00 pm to 5:30 pm, use mode 5

• From 5:30 pm to 7:15 pm, use mode 8

• At 7:15 pm, turn off

• Repeat schedule every weekday during the summer

– Schedules have priorities and can be overridden by emergencies or other commands

Legend:

Prio 1

Validated Not Ready Not ReadyValidated

ReadyRunning

Prio 1 Prio 1

Prio 2

Prio 0, Periodic Prio 0, Periodic Prio 0, Periodic Prio 0, Periodic

time

active

t1 t2 t7t3 t4 t5 t6

18

MESA-ESS Technical Working Group

19

MESA Interface Summary

Software

Battery PCS

Grid ESS

Utility SCADA/EMS/DMS

MESA-ESS

Modbus

DNP3

Energy Storage Control System

Battery Management

System

Programmable Logic

Controller

MESA-Battery MESA-PCS

20

MESA-ESS Strawman

• Technical Working Group will start with a strawman developed by MESA Members

• Strawman

– Standardized DNP3 profile for communicating with energy storage systems

– Profile is based on AN2013-001: DNP3 Advanced Photovoltaic Profile

– Designed to support multiple ESS configurations

• First implementation currently being field tested as part of Snohomish PUD’s MESA-1a project

21

MESA-ESS Technical Summary

• Provides monitoring and control points for the system as well as individual power conversion systems, batteries, and meters

• Enables the configuration and execution of multiple operating modes

• Scheduling functionality allows the ESS’ behavior to be controlled over an extended period of time

• Local/Remote/Automatic control management helps to ensure safe operation

• Constrained to DNP3 Level 2 to ensure broad support

22

Monitoring and Control

System Level Local/Remote/Automatic Control Alarm Summaries Start System Emergency Shutdown Etc.

Device Level PCS Real Power Output PCS Reactive Power Output Battery State of Charge Battery DC Bus Voltage Meter Real Energy Delivered Meter Frequency Etc.

Multiple Configurations 1 PCS + 1 Battery 50 PCSs + 50 Batteries Multiple meter types, locations and configurations One or two PCSs per transformer

23

Operating Modes

• MESA-ESS enables the configuration and execution of multiple operating modes

• Allows operating modes to be combined for more complex operation

– e.g. Real Power Smoothing + Power Factor Correction

• Modes and parameters are consistent with DNP3 AN2013-001 and EPRI Common Functions for Smart Inverters wherever possible

Supported Operating Modes

Limited Watts

Charge / Discharge

Fixed Power Factor

Power Factor Correction

Dynamic Volt-Watt

Peak Power Limiting

Real Power Smoothing

Load and Generation Following

Spinning Reserves

AGC

24

Scheduling

• Supports the creation of up to 50 schedules with 100 time-based setpoints each

• Configurable granularity – 15-minute granularity = 25 hour max duration – 1-hour granularity = 4 day max duration

• Schedules can be configured to control real power output, power factor correction, etc. – More schedule types planned for the future

• Rich repeating options – e.g. Run this schedule every M, T, W and Th

• Schedules may be combined for more interesting scenarios

25

MESA–ESS TWG Tasks

• Determine which DER functions could be provided by Energy Storage Systems (ESS)

• Determine what data is needed between utilities and ESS units. – Potential to extend to FDEMS or Aggregators that manage ESS units

• Continue to review existing standards: IEC 61850, DNP3 mappings, SEP2, etc. to determine what already exists, what more is needed, and if any existing objects need to be modified

• Develop communication specifications for MESA-ESS, – Using existing data objects – Developing new data objects based on IEC 61850 and DNP3 mappings – Determine performance requirements, including availability, latency,

aggregation, statistical requirements, cyber security, privacy, etc.

• Review possibility of additional specifications for other protocols • Submit the communication specifications to the appropriate

Standards Development Organization (SDO)

26

MESA-ESS Timeline

What When

Recruit new MESA-ESS workgroup members

Now

Begin workgroup meetings April 2015

Develop initial standard; solicit feedback and make appropriate adjustments to the specification

April-Fall 2015

Publish draft specification for broad public review

End of 2015

27

MESA Membership Structure

Contributing Members

• Industry equipment manufacturers,

software suppliers, and utilities

(public and private)

• Can vote and participate in work

groups and committees

• May be nominated and elected to

the Board of Directors after

September 2015

Cost: Revenue USD >100M

• $5,000 per year

Revenue USD 1M – 100M

• $3,000 per year

Revenue USD <1M

• $1,500 per year

Supporting Members

• Nonprofit or government

organizations

• Can participate in general meetings,

have access to the Members-only

website and discussion forums

• May be nominated and elected to the

Board of Directors after September

2015

Cost: $1,000

28

Questions?

Membership:

Darcy Wheeles: [email protected]

Margot Malarkey: [email protected]

Technical:

Frances Cleveland: [email protected]

Andrew Miller: [email protected]

For more information and to sign up for updates go to

www.mesastandards.org

mailto:[email protected]






http://www.mesastandards.org/


APPENDIX SLIDES


A Little History – Renewables and DER in Europe

• Europe pushed for renewables for 20 years, mostly hydro and wind at the transmission level

– Achieving > 60% in some countries

– But far less in others

– Goal is combined Europe of 20% by 2020

• Distributed Energy Resources (DER) still make up only a small percentage (3 – 6%)

• However, European experiences, including a 2003 blackout in Italy, have shown that DER systems must support the grid for both reliability and economic reasons:

– Specifically, DER systems need at least to be able to “ride-through” both frequency and voltage short-term anomalies

– Europeans had to retrofit large numbers of DER systems to add these critical capabilities – a very expensive action

31


A Little History – Renewables and DER in California

• As part of achieving 33% renewables by 2020, California Governor Jerry Brown called for 12,000 MW of DER

• Now the goal has been updated to 50% renewables by 2030, with a probable increase in MW from DER

• Most of the renewable energy comes from transmission-connected wind and solar plants

• DER systems are defined as distribution-connected generation, energy storage, and (sometimes) controllable load

• High penetrations of DER systems have the potential to provide significant environmental and financial benefits to Californian transmission, distribution, and customers

• Utilities benefit not only from energy but also ancillary services

• However, DER systems also present major challenges to managing the grid

• Smart Inverter-based DER, particularly energy storage, are capable of providing these benefits while helping to mitigate the adverse impacts of intermittency, voltage sags / spikes, and frequency anomalies

32


California’s Energy Storage Goals

CPUC Decision 14-10-045 October 16, 2014


Phase 1: Seven Autonomous DER Functions • SIWG Recommendations for Phase 1 Functions – These

Affect Storage as Well as Generation:

– Support anti-islanding to trip off under extended anomalous

conditions, coordinated with the following functions

– Provide ride-through of low/high voltage excursions beyond normal

limits

– Provide ride-through of low/high frequency excursions beyond

normal limits

– Provide volt/var control through dynamic reactive power injection

through autonomous responses to local voltage measurements

– Define default and emergency ramp rates as well as high and low

limits

– Provide reactive power by a fixed power factor

– Reconnect by “soft-start” methods (e.g. ramping and/or random

time within a window)


SIWG Phase 2 Communications: DER Management Challenge: Large Numbers of Disparate DER Stakeholders with Different Purposes and Different Financial

Interests


DER Configurations, SEP2, and Other Protocols


SIWG Phase 3 DER Functions: Opportunity for MESA Influence

• Discussions on relative importance of 40+ DER functions, to which stakeholders, which might need further technical resolutions, and which should be included in Rule 21.

• Some of Phase 3 functions include:

– Provide status, measurements, and forecast real power output/charging

– Set actual real power output

– Limit maximum real power output

– Frequency-watt: Counteract high/low by changing watt output

– Voltage-watt: Counteract voltage variations by changing watt output

– Watt-power factor: Change power factor based on watt output

– Provide fast VAR Support for voltage mitigation

– Frequency smoothing: Smooth frequency variations by changing watt output

– Automatic Generation Control (AGC): Participate in AGC

– Schedule actual or maximum real power output, charging, or modes

– Provide black start capability

– Provide operational reserves

– Provide backup power 37


California’s Distribution Resource Planning (DRP)

• Purpose is for distribution planning to include DER energy capacity, “smart”

capabilities, energy efficiency, and market incentives during long-term

distribution planning

• These factors would then be added to the avoided costs of “traditional”

distribution planning, minus DER integration costs

• Process is to define a list of mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive

(MECE) categories of values

$-

$2

$4

$6

$8

$10

$12

$14

$16

Mill

ion

s

Net Locational Value by Substation

Identify DPA & Substations

Perform Planning Analyses

Calculate Locational Net Value

Rank Substations by Locational Net Value

$- $2 $4 $6 $8

$10 $12 $14 $16

LocationalValue

IntegrationCost

NetLocational

Value

Locational Value: Avoided Costs and Benefits

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