Mercury was visited by the U. S. spacecraft Mariner 10 in 1974.
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Transcript of Mercury was visited by the U. S. spacecraft Mariner 10 in 1974.
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Mercury was visited by the U. S. spacecraft Mariner 10 in 1974.
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Mercury is heavily cratered, but not as cratered as the highlands of the Moon.
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There are no signs of clouds, rivers, dust storms, or any other weather.
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Mercury’s gravity is 2/5 that of Earth. (Moon was 1/6.)
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Mercury has extensive inter-crater plains. (These are not like maria on the Moon. The plains are not as flat, and are lighter in color.)
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Mercury has scarps, which are cliffs. (These are not found on the Moon.)
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These scarps cut across craters, meaning they were formed after the craters.
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Scarps were probably formed by cooling and shrinking of the crust.
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Mercury also has “double-ringed” craters. The conditions that produced these are not known.
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The Caloris Basin is a huge crater caused by asteroid impact.
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The opposite side of the planet from the Caloris Basin has rippled, wavy surface features called the “Weird Terrain”.
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The Weird Terrain was formed by shock waves from the impact that formed the Caloris Basin.
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The daytime temperature on Mercury is about 700K. The nighttime temperature is about 100K.
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This 600K variation in temperature from day to night is the largest of any planet or moon in the solar system.
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Mercury has a magnetic field that is about 100 times weaker than Earth’s.
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The presence of a magnetic field is surprising since the Moon, Venus and Mars have no magnetic field.
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There is a question as to whether Mercury has the molten core needed to cause a magnetic field.
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If there is a molten core, there has been no recent geological activity.
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The ratio of core volume to total planet volume is greater than for any other object in the solar system.
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Mercury does appear to be deficient in lighter rocky material.
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