MENU OF THE DAY. TEMPER SIZE SPEED HEIGHT Enzymes
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MENU OF THE DAY
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TEMPER SIZE
SPEED HEIGHT
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Enzymes’
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Enzyme Characteristic 1
Enzymes _________ __________ chemical reactions.
speed up
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Enzyme Characteristic 2
Tube A Tube B Tube C
Tube A Tube B Tube CContains H2O2 & sand H2O2 & liver H2O2 & liverObservation
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Tube A Tube B Tube C
Minute amounts of enzymes is needed to speed up the rate of reaction, without being chemically changed at
the end of the reaction.
Enzymes are required in minute amounts.
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Maltase
Enzymes are required in minute amounts.
At the end of a chemical reaction, enzymes remain chemically unchanged and capable of catalysing more reactions.
Maltose
GluGlu
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Maltase
At the end of a chemical reaction, enzymes remain chemically unchanged and capable of catalysing more reactions.
Maltose
GluGlu
Enzymes are required in minute amounts.
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Maltase
At the end of a chemical reaction, enzymes remain chemically unchanged and capable of catalysing more reactions.
Maltose
GluGlu
Enzymes are required in minute amounts.
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Maltase
At the end of a chemical reaction, enzymes remain chemically unchanged and capable of catalysing more reactions.
Maltose
GluGlu
Enzymes are required in minute amounts.
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Maltase
Maltose
GluGlu
Hence, a minute amount of enzymes is enough to catalyse a chemical reaction.
Enzymes are required in minute amounts.Since enzymes remain chemically unchanged in the reactions they catalyse, the same enzyme can be used over and over again.
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Recall
How do we name enzymes?
Based on the substrate they act on!
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Enzymes are substrate specific.
Amylase Starch
Protease Proteins
Enzyme Characteristic 3
ACT ON
Lipids/ FatsLipase
Substrates
ACT ON
ACT ON
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Enzyme Characteristic 3
An Enzyme
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Active site
A depression on the surface of an enzyme molecule into which the substrate molecule(s) can fit
Enzyme Characteristic 3The specificity of an enzyme is due to its surface configuration or active site.
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Demonstration
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According to the “lock and key” hypothesis, the enzyme action depends on the active site.
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Unsuitable substrate molecules will NOT FIT into the active site.Hence, the enzyme will not catalyse the reaction.
A
B
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CD
CD
ONLY suitable substrate molecules will fit into the active site.The enzyme will then be able to catalyse the reaction.
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Only Only certain substratecertain substrate can fit the can fit the active siteactive site of of an enzyme.an enzyme.
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locklock keykey
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• Each enzyme is a molecule with a specific shape.
• On part of its surface is the active site (the lock)—a section where its substrate molecule (the key) fits exactly.
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• When the substrate molecule is in position in the active site, the enzyme alters the substrate, splitting it into its product molecules.
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• The product molecules drift away from the enzyme molecule leaving its active site free to operate again.
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What we learn today.
• Characteristics of Enzymes (Think: What are they?)
• “Lock and Key” Hypothesis (Describe)