Mental - Jared Donovan · human-computer interaction", New York: J. Wiley & Sons. Chapter 3 •...
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2/19/10 1 Mental Modelers HCI Lecture 3
Transcript of Mental - Jared Donovan · human-computer interaction", New York: J. Wiley & Sons. Chapter 3 •...
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Mental Modelers HCI Lecture 3
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What is happening here?
What are these people
Thinking?
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Mental Models
A B C D E
7 6 5 4 3
(From Norman, 1988)
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A B C D E
7 6 5 4 3
(From Norman, 1988)
Normal settings C 5
Colder fresh food C 6-7
Coldest fresh food B 8-9
Coldest freezer D 7-8
Warmer fresh food C 4-1
Off (fresh food & freezer)
0
A B C D E
7 6 5 4 3
(From Norman, 1988)
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A B C D E
7 6 5 4 3
(From Norman, 1988)
System image
Mental models mediated by system
image
Designer
System
User
(From Norman, 1988)
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Break "
When would it be useful to have a mental model as a
user?
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A model of...
• how the system works • what its components are • how they are related
• what the internal processes are • and how they affect the components
(Carroll & Olson 1988)
2 Kinds of model
• Surrogate - a model that mimics the output of a system, but not the internal workings.
• Metaphor models - you understand a product by comparing it to something else that you already know.
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Critical Questions?
Break "
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7+-2 ‘rule’
• People can store 7 things in their short-term memory (plus or minus 2).
• What does this mean for interface design?
Information Processing
Model"(Card 1983)
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What is Cognition?
Components of Cognition
• Attention • Perception and recognition • Memory
• Learning • Reading, speaking and listening • Problem solving, planning, reasoning &
decision making
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Should there only be seven items in a menu?
Task for next week
• Design a log in page for an OpenID enabled website.
• Try to make it usable by people who’ve never heard of OpenID
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Tips
• Ask someone to walk you through their process of logging in to a website that they use (e.g. facebook).
• Ask them to talk you through the process and explain what they’re thinking at each step.
• Stop them and ask for more detail if you think it’s appropriate.
• Watch out for situations where the system doesn’t do what they expect. Ask why they think this is.
• Try the same thing with an unfamiliar website (e.g. one using OpenID).
Readings
• Preece, J., Sharp, H. & Rogers, Y., 2002. "Interaction design : beyond human-computer interaction", New York: J. Wiley & Sons. Chapter 3
• Payne, S., 2003 "User's Mental Models: The Very Ideas" in Carroll, J (ed) "HCI Models, Theories, and Frameworks" London, Morgan Kaufman.
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Image Credits • How to Read Character: A New Illustrated Hand-Book of
Phrenology and Physiognomy, for Students and Examiners; with a Descriptive Chart. (New York, Fowler & Wells Co., Pubs., 1891)
• http://www.flickr.com/photos/glenscott/1578514678/
