Menstrual Cycle. Facts about You As a fetus, you have more than 7 million eggs! At birth, 1-2...
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Transcript of Menstrual Cycle. Facts about You As a fetus, you have more than 7 million eggs! At birth, 1-2...
Menstrual Cycle
Facts about You
As a fetus, you have more than 7 million eggs!At birth, 1-2 million are leftAt puberty, about 300,000 are left.Only 300-400 eggs ever mature…
Compare to men:Men don’t produce sperm until pubertyCan produce up to 300 million sperm per
day!!!!!!!!!!!More than a quadrillion in a lifetime!
1,000,000,000,000
How Eggs Begin…
Eggs begins within folliclesFollicle: cluster of cells that surround an
egg Function: to help an egg mature Location: in the ovaries
Egg
Menstrual Cycle
Average cycle = 28 days1 egg per cycle4 parts in cycle:
1. Menstruation (Flow Phase)2. Follicular Phase3. Ovulation4. Luteal Phase
Menstruation (Flow Phase)
Starts on Day 1 (approx. 5 days)Uterine lining shed Low levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone
(FSH) and Leutenizing Hormone (LH) released Hypothalamus stimulates pituitary gland to release
them Begins to prepare/develop new follicle
Follicular Phase
Day 6 to 14Estrogen is released
Prepare lining of uterus Causes FSH to start to decrease LH levels remain low
Follicle is getting ready to release an egg
Ovulation
Around day 14Estrogen reaches max levelTriggers peak of LHFollicle ruptures to release the egg
Luteal Phase
Immediately after ovulation (14 days long)
FSH, LH, and estrogen decrease
Ruptured follicle becomes corpus luteum
This produces progesterone
Progesterone
Thickens & maintains uterine liningStimulates growth and development of
blood supplyPrepares you for pregnancyIf no pregnancy, levels drop! Cycle
ends! Period begins again.
Menopause
Permanent stopping of the menstrual cycle Production of estrogen drops, ovulation & menstruation
stopsTriggered by:
Age (usually occurs around age 50) genetics environment (smoking, drinking, stress, emotional
abuse, etc)Symptoms:
hot flashes, fatigue, sleep problems depression, mood swings weight increase vaginal dryness
Menstrual Symptoms
Cramps! Cause: contraction of uterus & movement of clots through
cervixHeadaches/Dizziness
Cause: sudden drop in hormones, loss of bloodBloating
Cause: sudden change in hormonesMood Swings
Cause: change in hormonesBreast tenderness
Cause: progesteroneAcne
Cause: increase in estrogen
PMDD
Premenstrual Dysphoric DisorderMight have heard it on commercials?Very severe disorderSymptoms are similar to what we all feel but
much more severe Have to be debilitating enough to interfere with your
ability to carry on with social or job-related activities. Often accompanied by suicidal thoughts
Other Female Reproductive Issues
Cervical Cancer Can be ID’ed by Pap Smear Pap Smear: doctor takes a small sample of cells Treatable Preventable: vaccine
Ovarian Cancer The “silent killer” → usually, few symptoms until its too
late Treatment: can include Hysterectomy (removal of organs) Spreads easily
Uterine Cancer Symptoms include irregular bleeding Treatment: Hysterectomy