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15. Mendoza v Delos Santos (Succession)GR No 176422, March 20, 2013

FACTS:The properties subject in the instant case are three parcels of lan locate in !ta" Maria,#ulacan are presentl$ in the na%e of responent &ulia 'elos !antos (responent)" *ot No"1646+#, on the other han, is also in the na%e of responent but co+ one b$ -ictoria.antaleon, ho bou/ht one+half of the propert$ fro% petitioner Maria Menoa an her siblin/s".etitioners are /ranchilren of .lacio Menoa (.lacio) an 'o%in/a Menoa ('o%in/a)".etitioners alle/e that the properties ere part of .lacio an 'o%in/as properties that eresubject of an oral partition an subseuentl$ ajuicate to euiel" 5fter euiels eath, itpasse on to his spouse *eonor an onl$ au/hter, Gre/oria" 5fter *eonors eath, her shareent to Gre/oria" n 12, Gre/oria ie intestate an ithout issue" The$ clai%e that afterGre/orias eath, responent, ho is *eonors sister, ajuicate unto herself all theseproperties as the sole sur8i8in/ heir of *eonor an Gre/oria" 9ence, petitioners clai% that theproperties shoul ha8e been reser8e b$ responent in their behalf an %ust no re8ert bac tothe%, appl$in/ 5rticle ;1 of the

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belon/in/ to the line fro% hich the propert$ ori/inall$ ca%e, an a8oi its bein/ issipate intoan b$ the relati8es of the inheritin/ ascenant"

t shoul be pointe out that the onership of the properties shoul be recone onl$ fro%euiels as he is the ascenant fro% here the first trans%ission occurre, or fro% ho%Gre/oria inherite the properties in ispute" The la oes not /o farther than suchascenantEbrotherEsister in eter%inin/ the lineal character of the propert$" t as alsoi%%aterial for the

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OT&E! NOTES#

1" three (3) lines of trans%ission in reser8a troncal" The first trans%ission is b$ /ratuitous title, hether b$inheritance or onation, fro% an ascenantEbrotherEsister to a escenant calle the prepositus" Thesecon trans%ission is b$ operation of la fro% the prepositus to the other ascenant or reser8or, alsocalle the reser8ista" The thir an last trans%ission is fro% the reser8ista to the reser8ees orreser8atarios ho %ust be relati8es ithin the thir e/ree fro% hich the propert$ ca%e"

2" The persons in8ol8e in reser8a troncal are:

(1) The ascenant or brother or sister fro% ho% the propert$ as recei8e b$ the escenant b$lucrati8e or /ratuitous titleF(2) The escenant or prepositus (propositus) ho recei8e the propert$F(3) The reser8or (reser8ista), the other ascenant ho obtaine the propert$ fro% the prepositus b$

operation of laF an (4) The reser8ee (reser8atario) ho is ithin the thir e/ree fro% the prepositusan ho belon/s to the (linea o tronco) fro% hich the propert$ ca%e an for ho% the propert$ shoulbe reser8e b$ the reser8or"

3" 5rt" 64" 5 series of e/rees for%s a line, hich %a$ be either irect or collateral" 5 irect line is thatconstitute b$ the series of e/rees a%on/ ascenants an escenants" 5 collateral line is thatconstitute b$ the series of e/rees a%on/ persons ho are not ascenants an escenants, but hoco%e fro% a co%%on ancestor"

4" 5rt" 1003" f there are no escenants, ascenants, ille/iti%ate chilren, or a sur8i8in/ spouse, thecollateral relati8es shall succee to the entire estate of the ecease in accorance ith the folloin/articles" 5rt" 100" !houl there be neither brothers nor sisters, nor chilren of brothers or sisters, theother collateral relati8es shall succee to the estate" The latter shall succee ithout istinction of lines orpreference a%on/ the% b$ reason of relationship b$ the hole bloo"

H" Reser8ista, has the ut$ to reser8e an to annotate the reser8able character of the propert$ on the title"n reser8a troncal, the reser8ista ho inherits fro% a prepositus, hether b$ the latters ish or b$operation of la, acuires the inheritance b$ 8irtue of a title perfectl$ transferrin/ absolute onership" 5llthe attributes of onership belon/ to hi% eclusi8el$"