MEMS & Sensors for smart cities - HKSTP of the green house ... Building Automation Consumer & Home...
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August © 2016 From Technologies to Markets APAC Innovation Summit – Sensors - Hong Kong MEMS & Sensors for smart cities Claire TROADEC
Transcript of MEMS & Sensors for smart cities - HKSTP of the green house ... Building Automation Consumer & Home...
August © 2016
From Technologies to Markets
APAC Innovation Summit – Sensors - Hong Kong
MEMS & Sensors for smart cities
Claire TROADEC
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MEMS & Sensors
LED
Compound Semi.
Imaging Photonics
MedTech
Manufacturing
Advanced Packaging
Batteries/Power Management
Power Electronics
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SMART CITIES: KEY FACTS
By 2050, the world will be one-third rural (34%) and two-thirds urban (66%), roughly the reverse of the global rural-urban population distribution of the mid-twentieth century.
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Cities today represent 2% of the world surface
50% of the world population
75% of the consumed energy
80% of the economic activity
80% of the green house emission
Smart City definition from the UNECE (The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe) :
our “Smart City” should be inclusive, resilient, safe, sustainable and “more connected”
World’s urban and rural populations, 1950-2015 (source: United Nations)
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URBAN AND RURAL POPULATIONS BY MAJOR AREAS
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source: United Nations, 2014 study
Europe, with 73% of its population living in urban areas, is expected to be over 80% urban by 2050.
Africa and Asia, in contrast, remain mostly rural, with 40% and 48% of their respective populations living in urban areas in 2014.
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URBAN POPULATION BY MAJOR AREAS
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The world’s urban population is expected to increase by more than two thirds by 2050, with nearly 90% of the increase to take place in the urban areas of Asia and Africa.
source: United Nations, 2014 study
The world’s urban population is expected to increase by more than two thirds by 2050, with nearly 90% of the increase to take place in the urban areas of Asia and Africa.
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DISTRIBUTION OF THE WORLD’S URBAN POPULATION
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Cities are getting bigger and bigger…
source: United Nations, 2014 study
Cities are getting bigger and bigger…
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ESTIMATED AND PROJECTED POPULATIONS OF THE 10 LARGEST URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS
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In 2014, Tokyo was the world’s largest city with an agglomeration of 38 million inhabitants, followed by Delhi with 25 million.
source: United Nations, 2014 study
In 2014, Tokyo was the world’s largest city with an agglomeration of 38 million inhabitants, followed by Delhi with 25 million.
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MEMS, A « TRANSFER FUNCTION » TECHNOLOGY
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MEMS is a semiconductor technology thus enabling miniaturization and lower cost manufacturing of existing products
Galvanometric mirror
Pressure sensor
Hg tilt sensor
Microphone
Gas sensor
Syringe
Micro-mirror
VCM
MEMS gas sensor
Micro needles
WL auto focus
Microphone
IMU
Pressure/environment sensor
2016, gas sensors as the next MEMS success (?)
MEMS is a semiconductor technology thus enabling miniaturization and lower cost manufacturing of existing products
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Healthcare & Life science
SUMMARY OF TECHNOLOGIES OF IOT
Markets & sensors
Building Automation Transportation Consumer & Home automation
THE
INTERNET OF THINGS
OF SENSORS
Industrial Retail & Logistics Environment Security & Public Safety
Pressure
Temperature
Chemical
Light (IR, X-Ray)
Bio Sensors
Inertial
Light (IR, visible)
Temperature
Chemical (CO2)
Accelero
Contact Gyroscope
Accelero
Magneto
Pressure
Temperature
Chemical
Gyroscope
Accelero
Magneto
Microphone
Pressure
Temperature
Pressure
Light (IR,Optical)
Chemical
Temperature
Hall Effect
Accelero
Chemical
Temperature
Light (IR, visible)
Pressure
Humidity Gyro
Accelero
Magneto
Chemical
Light (IR,XRay,THz) Light (IR/Optical)
Pressure
Temperature
Chemical
Magneto
Chemical Gas
Chemical Microphone
Chemical Gas
Gas
Legend: Sensor
Level of demand
Main applications of IoT devices and sensors associated with
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SUMMARY OF TECHNOLOGIES OF SMART CITIES
Markets & sensors
Healthcare & Life science Building Automation Transportation Consumer & Home automation
THE
INTERNET OF THINGS
OF SENSORS
Industrial Retail & Logistics Environment Security & Public Safety
Pressure
Temperature
Chemical
Light (IR, X-Ray)
Bio Sensors
Inertial
Light (IR, visible)
Temperature
Chemical (CO2)
Accelero
Contact Gyroscope
Accelero
Magneto
Pressure
Temperature
Chemical
Gyroscope
Accelero
Magneto
Microphone
Pressure
Temperature
Pressure
Light (IR,Optical)
Chemical
Temperature
Hall Effect
Accelero
Chemical
Temperature
Light (IR, visible)
Pressure
Humidity Gyro
Accelero
Magneto
Chemical
Light (IR,XRay,THz) Light (IR/Optical)
Pressure
Temperature
Chemical
Magneto
Chemical Gas
Chemical Microphone
Chemical Gas
Gas
Legend: Sensor
Level of demand
SMART SENSORS
CITIES FOR
Main applications of devices and sensors associated with smart cities
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IOT FOR SMART CITIES: AREA OF APPLICATION
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Today 2018 2020 2024+
Industrial
Healthcare & Life Science
Environment
Security & Public Safety
Building Automation
Consumer & Home automation
Transportation
Today Building automation and Consumer & Home automation are the first areas to be served…
MEMS & SENSORS TRANSITIONING TOWARDS 3 MAIN HUBS…
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Closed Package Hub
Accelerometer
Gyroscope
Magnetometer
INERTIAL
DOF 6
9 IMU
ENVIRONMENTAL
Open Cavity Hub
Gas / Particle
Pressure
Temp/Humidity
Microphone
OPTICAL
Optical Hub
Visible
3D vision
Multi spectral
3D
Proximity/ambient
MEMS & SENSORS TRANSITIONING TOWARDS 3 MAIN HUBS…
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Closed Package Hub
Accelerometer
Gyroscope
Magnetometer
INERTIAL
DOF 6
9 IMU
ENVIRONMENTAL
Open Cavity Hub
Gas / Particle
Pressure
Temp/Humidity
Microphone
OPTICAL
Optical Hub
Visible
3D vision
Multi spectral
3D
Proximity/ambient
Important hub for Smart cities !
Focus on Gas sensors
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WHY IS GAS SENSING BECOMING MORE IMPORTANT?
The right technology at the right time
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• Gas sensors are not new and several applications have existed for a while. Indeed, the use of gas
detectors for safety purposes in industrial environment, for defense and patient ventilation control
are quite mature already.
• We believe that the interest in gas sensing is becoming more and more important due to three main
causes:
- Driven by growing evidence on global air quality deterioration and increasing societal concerns, air
pollution has become a major topic in our society
- The emergence of new regulations (exhaust gases emission control, air quality monitoring at
school…) are boosting the market
- New technology developments (increase in sensitivity, miniaturization…) enable the emergence of
promising new large volume applications
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2014–2021 GAS SENSORS FORECAST IN US$M
From
~$560M in 2014 to
~$920M in 2021
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From ~$560M in 2014 to ~$920M in 2021
Industrial
Transport
Environment
Defense
Consumer
Medical
Building
Total market US $M value
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2014 GAS SENSOR MANUFACTURERS MARKET SHARE (IN US$ VALUE)
A very fragmented business
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9%
9%
8%
7%
7%
7% 5% 5%
4%
4%
3%
3%
2%
2% 2% 1% 1% 1%
19%
2014 Gas Sensors Supplier Top Market Share City Technology (a part of Honeywell)MSA gas monitorsNGK - NTKFigaroBOSCHDENSOTechcomp Group (Edinburgh Sensors)GE (telaire)SenseairIT Dr Gambert GmbHAlphasenseVaisalaNisha (FIS)SGX Sensortech Limited (formerly e2v)AMS (including AppliedSensor GmbH)Paragon AGWinsenHanwei gas sensorsOthers
2014 ToT ~ $564M
TOP 7 (> 5% market share) are City Technology, MSA, NGK NTK, Figaro, Bosch, Denso & Edinburgh Sensors.
City Technology (Honeywell), MSA and NGK-NTK were leading the gas sensors market in 2014
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DETECTION PRINCIPLES
The main principles—what is the signal output?
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The big detection families
Technology Principle Output
Optical detection (FTIR, NDIR, photoacoustic)
It is based on wavelength absorption of the gas: NIR to MWIR sources are used for IR sensing/UV source are used for photo acoustic.
A shift in wavelength is measured, correlated to the target gas.
Calorimetric/Pellistor It is based on burning target gases (it is mainly for combustible gases).
A shift in temperature/resistance is measured.
Electro chemical It is based on a RedOx chemical reaction between sensors electrodes.
A current intensity is measured.
Metal Oxide Semiconductor It is mainly based on gas adsorption at the sensor surface.
A resistance change is measured.
ChemFET It is based on a change in mass/dielectric properties of a specific layer.
A change in mass/dielectric constant is measured.
Acoustic
It is based on the measure of travel time of ultrasound at a given distance to calculate propagation velocity of ultrasonic waves. Concentration is linked to velocity.
Gas velocity is measured.
Chromatography Gas is electrically charged. Output is electrical current.
Chemiluminescence
Chemiluminescence (sometimes "chemoluminescence") is the emission of light (luminescence), as the result of a chemical reaction.
Output is light.
The big detection families
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GAS SENSING TECHNOLOGIES COMPARISON
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mm² 10 mm²
1 cm² 10 cm² Sensor surface
µW mW 0.1W 1 W
Power consumption
$1 $10 $100 $1k $10k ASP
Electrochemical
NDIR
NDIR
NDIR
Electrochemical
Electrochemical
MOS
MOS
Pellistor
Pellistor
Pellistor
Acoustic
Acoustic
Acoustic
ChemFET
ChemFET
ChemFET
Resonant
Resonant
Resonant
µGC
µGC
µGC
FTIR
FTIR
FTIR
kW
Chemiluminescence
1k cm²
Chemiluminescence
Chemiluminescence
MOS No « Universal » solution for all possible applications
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GAS SENSING TECHNOLOGIES COMPARISON
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ppb Sensitivity
10sec Response time
Electrochemical
NDIR
NDIR
Electrochemical
MOS
MOS
Pellistor
Pellistor
Acoustic
Acoustic
ChemFET
ChemFET
Resonant
µGC
µGC
120sec
ppm
Chemiluminescence
Resonant
Chemiluminescence
No « Universal » solution for all possible applications
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CHEMICAL GAS SENSORS: LIFETIME VS. APPLICATIONS
MOSFET is the technology with the most applications
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Vo
lum
e
Growing importance of MOS for consumer & transport.
IR still predominant in HVAC & industry
PID, Chromatography,
Chemi-luminescence
MOS
Lifetime 2 years 5 years 10 years
Co
nsu
mer
H
VA
C
Tran
spo
rt
Me
dic
al
De
fen
se &
Ind
ust
ry
Envi
ron
men
t
IR
IR
Printed Electro
chemical
Holographic
Catalytic Resonant
Printed Electro
chemical
ChemFET
Acoustic
Electro chemical
Electro chemical
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Electro chemical
WHO IS DEVELOPING WHAT?
Few companies are focusing on optical solutions
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MOS
Lifetime 2 years 5 years 10 years
Co
nsu
mer
H
VA
C
Tran
spo
rt
Me
dic
al
De
fen
se &
Ind
ust
ry
Envi
ron
men
t
IR
IR
Printed Electro
chemical
Catalytic Resonant
PID, Chromatography,
Chemi-luminescence
Printed Electro
chemical
ChemFET
Holographic
Acoustic
Vo
lum
e
Electro chemical New comers from the IC are entering the game for consumer (e.g., Bosch)
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2014 APPLICATIONS BREAKDOWN
Industrial + Transport is about 75% of total market.
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Building 17.8%
Medical 2.5%
Consumer 2.1%
Defense 0.4%
Environment 6.1%
Transport 31.1%
Industrial 40.0%
2014 Gas Sensor Market - Applications breakdown
2014 ToT ~ $564M
Industrial application remains the main market segment in value contribution
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GASES TO BE MEASURED BY MARKET SEGMENT
80/20 approach for the year 2014
Which gases are important for which segment?
Conclusions
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CONCLUSIONS & OUTLOOK
The most important sensors for tomorrow’s smart cities are :
Environmental sensors: Humidity, Temperature, Light, and Gas sensors
but also Infra-red sensors and accelerometers
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The gas sensors market is still a fragmented business with many players—TOP 3 “only” accounts for 24% of total market in 2014.
It attracts many new entrants, coming in a fabless/fablight model
These new entrants announced ramp-up in volume very soon (CCMOS, NXP, AlphaSzenszor, KWJ, AMS …)
Gas sensors cost & miniaturization is a driving force for consumer and industrial applications (portability).
It opens the way to new approaches: MEMS, optical integration, new approaches based on CNT.
Arrays of 3–4 sensors are an interesting option to detect many gases to compete with too complex e-noses
Trend is also to have multiple sensors (“environmental combos”) in a single package for cost/size issues.
The goal is to have an “environment-sensitive sensor module” with different sensors: 3 to 4 different gas sensors, pressure sensor, microphone, humidity and temperature.
This will be an “open” combo (at the opposite of inertial combos that require vacuum packaging for example).
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RELATED YOLE REPORTS
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Some slides from this presentation were extracted from the following reports
Status of the MEMS industry 2016 Released in May 2016 – More info. here
Gas sensors Report 2016
Released in Feb 2016 – More info. here
Sensors & Technologies for the Internet of Things:
Businesses and Market trends 2014 - 2024 Released in June 2014 – More info. here
Yole Développement Market, technology and strategy
consulting
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