Memory[Instructor Name]

[Class and Section Number]

Overview• Introduction to Memory• Types of Memory

– Working– Semantic– Episodic – Collective

• Stages of Memory– Encoding– Storage– Retrieval

• Putting It All Together

Introduction to Memory

Memory Test Activity10 8 12 4 3 73 34 2 9 14

54 2 19 0 53 23 6 90 19 1

67 56 23 39 9 34 2 11 99 62

83 12 44 7 92 29 18 63 3 76

78 42 11 66 30 8 22 5 89 90

Overview• Introduction to Memory• Types of Memory

– Working– Semantic– Episodic – Collective

• Stages of Memory– Encoding– Storage– Retrieval

• Putting It All Together

Working MemoryWorking Memory - The ability to hold information in mind for a brief time and work with it.

Overview• Introduction to Memory• Types of Memory

– Working– Semantic– Episodic – Collective

• Stages of Memory– Encoding– Storage– Retrieval

• Putting It All Together

Semantic Memory

Semantic Memory – Your storehouse of more or less permanent knowledge.

Overview• Introduction to Memory• Types of Memory

– Working– Semantic– Episodic – Collective

• Stages of Memory– Encoding– Storage– Retrieval

• Putting It All Together

Episodic MemoryEpisodic Memory - The ability to remember the episodes of your life.

Overview• Introduction to Memory• Types of Memory

– Working– Semantic– Episodic – Collective

• Stages of Memory– Encoding– Storage– Retrieval

• Putting It All Together

Collective Memory

Collective Memory - The kind of memory that people in a group share (whether family, community, schoolmates, citizens of a state or a country).

Overview• Introduction to Memory• Types of Memory

– Working– Semantic– Episodic – Collective

• Stages of Memory– Encoding– Storage– Retrieval

• Putting It All Together

Encoding

Encoding - The initial experience of perceiving and learning events.

Distinctiveness

Recoding

Recoding – Taking information from one form and converting it in a way that makes sense to us.

Please ExcuseMyDear Aunt Sally

Overview• Introduction to Memory• Types of Memory

– Working– Semantic– Episodic – Collective

• Stages of Memory– Encoding– Storage– Retrieval

• Putting It All Together

Storage

Memory Trace (engram) - The change in the nervous system that represents our experience. Consolidation – The neural changes that occur over time to create the memory trace of an experience.

Storage

Overview• Introduction to Memory• Types of Memory

– Working– Semantic– Episodic – Collective

• Stages of Memory– Encoding– Storage– Retrieval

• Putting It All Together

Retrieval

Encoding Specificity Principle – The effectiveness of retrieval cues.

Available – All information stored in memory. Accessible – The information we are able to retrieve.

Measuring Retrieval

Production Tests Generation of studied info Example = Free Recall

Recognition Tests Selection of studied info from

aggregate info Example = Multiple Choice True/False

Overview• Introduction to Memory• Types of Memory

– Working– Semantic– Episodic – Collective

• Stages of Memory– Encoding– Storage– Retrieval

• Putting It All Together

Putting It All Together: Improve Your Memory

1 is a gun. 2 is a shoe. 3 is a tree. 4 is a door. 5 is knives. 6 is sticks. 7 is oven. 8 is plate. 9 is wine. 10 is hen.

Putting It All Together

Appendix A: The Real Penny

Appendix A: The Real Penny

Appendix A: Studying Example

Appendix A: Studying Example

Distributed Practice

Appendix B: Chunking

WHAT DO YOU REMEMBER?

I am going to show you a series of numbers. Without writing them down, remember as

many as you can.

GROUP A

4 8 3 7 29 5 1 6 1 0 0 1

What do you remember?

GROUP B

1001483 516792

What do you remember?

483 792 516 1001

4 8 3 7 9 2 5 1 6 1 0 0 1

What do you remember?

Photo AttributionSlide 1

Photo Credit: Lachlan https://www.flickr.com/photos/43117091@N00/9442454872/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/

Slide 3 Photo Credit: By Dave Dugdale https://www.flickr.com/photos/davedugdale/5104886707/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/

Slide 6 Photo Credit: D-Stanley https://www.flickr.com/photos/79721788@N00/6215204747/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/

Slide 8Photo Credit: Alex E. Proimos https://www.flickr.com/photos/34120957@N04/8582276546/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/

Slide 8Photo Credit: Alex E. Proimos https://www.flickr.com/photos/34120957@N04/8582276546/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/

Slide 10

Photo Credit: Evert F. Baumgardner - National Archives and Records Administration http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Family_watching_television_1958.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:public_domain

Slide 12 Photo Credit: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Texas_flag_map.svg https://www.flickr.com/photos/wildlife_encounters/8023856152/sizes/h/in/photostream/

Slide 14 Photo Credit: Steve Slaterhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0/deed.en

Slide 15 Photo Credit: By Geralt http://pixabay.com/en/woman-camera-hand-lens-67127/ http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en

Slide 16Photo Credit:Allan Warren http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Phyllis_Diller_Allan_Warren.jpg http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0

Slide 18Photo Credit: laura.bell https://www.flickr.com/photos/12027145@N00/3250612239/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/

Slide 21Photo Credit: Uploaded by Gabriel VanHelsing http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Escportal_Music_transparent.png

Slide 21Photo Credit: By Me-Liss-A https://www.flickr.com/photos/lissjasmin/622780860/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/

Slide 22Photo Credit: Wilson Dias http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Participantes_do_Enem.jpg http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/br/deed.en

Slide 25

Photo Credit: Wade http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cinderella_Castle_2013_Wade.jpg#mediaviewer/File:Cinderella_Castle_2013_Wade.jpg http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0