Membranes Used in Drug Membranes Used in Drug DeliveryDelivery

Walter Walter TrachimTrachim

BMCB658BMCB658

3/2/123/2/12

IntroductionIntroduction

Membrane-based drug delivery Membrane-based drug delivery systems have been developed for a systems have been developed for a number of reasonsnumber of reasons SizeSize TimingTiming BioavailabilityBioavailability

Different types of delivery systems Different types of delivery systems exist and are used in different exist and are used in different applicationsapplications

Membrane- Based Membrane- Based DeliveryDelivery

A number of different membrane-A number of different membrane-based delivery systems exist. They based delivery systems exist. They include:include: LiposomeLiposome Liposome/Nanoparticle HybridLiposome/Nanoparticle Hybrid PLGAPLGA

Delivery SystemsDelivery Systems

Liposomes – Single or multiple lipid bi-Liposomes – Single or multiple lipid bi-layers arranged in concentric circles layers arranged in concentric circles designed to contain an aqueous solutiondesigned to contain an aqueous solution

Reliable :Reliable : BiocompatibleBiocompatible BiodegradableBiodegradable Can be scaled, or their size can be modifiedCan be scaled, or their size can be modified Considerably lower toxicity levelsConsiderably lower toxicity levels

Delivery SystemsDelivery Systems

PLGA – Polylactide-co-glycolidePLGA – Polylactide-co-glycolide ProsPros

BiocompatibleBiocompatible Versatile – will encapsulate a wide Versatile – will encapsulate a wide

variety of medicationsvariety of medications Able to “tune” how drug is releasedAble to “tune” how drug is released

ConsCons Can be inefficient at low pHCan be inefficient at low pH Degraded easily in acid environmentsDegraded easily in acid environments

Membrane-Based Membrane-Based DeliveryDelivery

Liposome-Nanoparticle HybridsLiposome-Nanoparticle Hybrids Can be hydrophilic (encapsulated in the Can be hydrophilic (encapsulated in the

liposome) or hydrophobic (embedded in liposome) or hydrophobic (embedded in the lipid bilayer)the lipid bilayer)

Used primarily for diagnostic testing – Used primarily for diagnostic testing – imaging is a common application (PET, imaging is a common application (PET, MRI)MRI)

Also used for chemotherapy, mainly as Also used for chemotherapy, mainly as a guard against cytotoxicitya guard against cytotoxicity

Membrane-Based Membrane-Based DeliveryDelivery

Liposome – Quantum Dot HybridsLiposome – Quantum Dot Hybrids Semiconductors – have fluorescent Semiconductors – have fluorescent

qualitiesqualities

Used for optically-based diagnostic Used for optically-based diagnostic applicationsapplications

Also used for chemotherapy – less prone to Also used for chemotherapy – less prone to leakageleakage

LDLD50 found to be favorable for pulmonary found to be favorable for pulmonary imagingimaging

ApplicationsApplications

Cancer treatment – chemotherapyCancer treatment – chemotherapy Pain managementPain management Time-releaseTime-release

Anti-hypertensivesAnti-hypertensives Anti-depressantsAnti-depressants Sleep aidsSleep aids

ReferencesReferences Al-Jamal, W., & Kostarelos, K. (2011). Liposomes: From Al-Jamal, W., & Kostarelos, K. (2011). Liposomes: From

a Clinically Established Drug Delivery System to a a Clinically Established Drug Delivery System to a Nanoparticle Platform for Theranostic Nanomedicine. Nanoparticle Platform for Theranostic Nanomedicine. Accounts of Chemical Research, 44Accounts of Chemical Research, 44(10), 1094-1104. (10), 1094-1104. doi:10.1021/ar200105pdoi:10.1021/ar200105p

Samstein, R., Perica, K., Balderrama, F., Look, M., Samstein, R., Perica, K., Balderrama, F., Look, M., Fahmy, T. (2007). The use of deoxycholic acid to Fahmy, T. (2007). The use of deoxycholic acid to enhance the oral bioavailability of biodegradable enhance the oral bioavailability of biodegradable nanoparticles. nanoparticles. Biomaterials, 29, Biomaterials, 29, 703-708. 703-708. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.10.026doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.10.026

Wieber, A., Selzer, T., Kreuter, J. (2011). Wieber, A., Selzer, T., Kreuter, J. (2011). Characterisation and stability studies of a hydrophilic Characterisation and stability studies of a hydrophilic decapeptide in different adjuvant drug delivery systems: decapeptide in different adjuvant drug delivery systems: A comparative study of PLGA nanoparticles versus A comparative study of PLGA nanoparticles versus chitosan-dextran sulphate micriparticles versus DOTAP-chitosan-dextran sulphate micriparticles versus DOTAP-liposomes. liposomes. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 421, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 421, 151-159. doi:/10.1016.j.ijpharm.2011.09.011151-159. doi:/10.1016.j.ijpharm.2011.09.011